Abstract
Field experiments were conducted on wheat during 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 under rainfed conditions. The statistical significance between treatment means was determined at 5% significance level. Data were recorded on weed density, protein, fat and ash contents of wheat grains. Weed density in shallow tillage was highest (20.67 m−2) while it was lowest (14.23 m−2) in deep tillage. In weed control factor, weed density was highest in weedy check (33.10 m−2), followed by parthenium aqueous extract (21.50 m−2), and lowest (6.79 m−2) in plots treated with Affinity (isoproturon + carfentrazone). Results showed that the highest crude protein content (10.88%) was recorded in deep tillage, while lowest (10.45%) in shallow tillage, indicating that tillage depths have an impact on wheat grains protein content. For weed control factor, the crude protein content was highest (11.98%) in Affinity treated plots, followed by herbicides, Buctril super (bromoxynil + MCPA) (11.44%) and Puma super (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl) (11.12%). Hence, the control measures also affected crude protein content of wheat grains, which is also obvious from the weedy check where wheat grains crude protein content was lowest (9.73%). The two years combined data analysis also showed the highest crude fat content (1.75%) in deep tillage treatments followed by normal tillage (1.67%) and lowest fat content (1.53%) in shallow tillage. For ash content, the highest content (3.03%) was with Affinity herbicide treatments, followed by Buctril super (2.74%) and Puma super (2.48%) herbicides. In conclusion, both the tillage and herbicides indicated positive effects on the nutritive status of wheat grains.
Zusammenfassung
Die Feldversuche mit Weizen wurden in den Jahren 2017–2018 und 2018–2019 unter Regenwetterbedingungen durchgeführt. Die statistische Signifikanz zwischen den Behandlungsmitteln wurde auf einem Signifikanzniveau von 5 % ermittelt. Es wurden Daten zur Unkrautdichte sowie zum Protein‑, Fett- und Aschegehalt der Weizenkörner erfasst. Die Unkrautdichte war bei flacher Bodenbearbeitung am höchsten (20,67 m−2), während sie bei tiefer Bodenbearbeitung am niedrigsten war (14,23 m−2). Beim Faktor Unkrautbekämpfung war die Unkrautdichte in der Kontrolle am höchsten (33,10 m−2), gefolgt von wässrigem Partheniumextrakt (21,50 m−2) und am niedrigsten (6,79 m−2) in den mit Affinity (Isoproturon + Carfentrazon) behandelten Parzellen. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass der höchste Rohproteingehalt (10,88 %) bei tiefer Bodenbearbeitung und der niedrigste (10,45 %) bei flacher Bodenbearbeitung festgestellt wurde, was darauf hindeutet, dass die Bodenbearbeitungstiefe einen Einfluss auf den Proteingehalt der Weizenkörner hat. Beim Faktor Unkrautbekämpfung war der Rohproteingehalt in den mit Affinity behandelten Parzellen am höchsten (11,98 %), gefolgt von den Herbiziden Buctril super (Bromoxynil + MCPA) (11,44 %) und Puma super (Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl) (11,12 %). Die Bekämpfungsmaßnahmen wirkten sich also auch auf den Rohproteingehalt der Weizenkörner aus, was auch bei der Kontrolle deutlich wurde, bei der der Rohproteingehalt der Weizenkörner am niedrigsten war (9,73 %). Die kombinierte Datenanalyse der beiden Jahre zeigte auch den höchsten Rohfettgehalt (1,75 %) bei der tiefen Bodenbearbeitung, gefolgt von der normalen Bodenbearbeitung (1,67 %) und dem niedrigsten Fettgehalt (1,53 %) bei der flachen Bodenbearbeitung. Der höchste Aschegehalt (3,03 %) wurde bei der Behandlung mit dem Herbizid Affinity festgestellt, gefolgt von den Herbiziden Buctril super (2,74 %) und Puma super (2,48 %). Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass sowohl die Bodenbearbeitung als auch die Herbizide positive Auswirkungen auf den Nährstoffgehalt der Weizenkörner hatten.
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The financial support from HEC Pakistan vide the project no. 5142 under NRPU is highly acknowledged.
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A.M. Khan Dawar, I. Khan, Z. Hussain and M.I. Khan declare that they have no competing interests.
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Khan Dawar, A.M., Khan, I., Hussain, Z. et al. Effect of Tillage Implements and Weed Management Techniques On Nutritive Values of Wheat Grains. Gesunde Pflanzen 74, 133–139 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-021-00594-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-021-00594-y