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First report on Meloidogyne chitwoodi hatching inhibition activity of essential oils and essential oils fractions

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Abstract

The Columbia root-knot nematode (CRKN), Meloidogyne chitwoodi, is an EPPO A2 type quarantine pest since 1998. This nematode causes severe damage in economically important crops such as potato and tomato, making agricultural products unacceptable for the fresh market and food processing. Commonly used nematicidal synthetic chemicals are often environmentally unsafe. Essential oils (EOs) may constitute safer alternatives against RKN. EOs, isolated from 56 plant samples, were tested against CRKN hatching, in direct contact bioassays. Some of the most successful EOs were fractionated and the hydrocarbon molecules (HM) and oxygen-containing molecules (OCM) fractions tested separately. 24 EOs displayed very strong hatching inhibitions (≥90 %) at 2 µL mL−1 and were further tested at lower concentrations. Dysphania ambrosioides, Filipendula ulmaria, Ruta graveolens, Satureja montana and Thymbra capitata EOs revealed the lowest EC50 values (<0.15 µL mL−1). The main compounds of these EOs, namely 2-undecanone, ascaridol, carvacrol, isoascaridol, methyl salicylate, p-cymene and/or γ-terpinene, were putatively considered responsible for CRKN hatching inhibition. S. montana and T. capitata OCM fractions showed hatching inhibitions higher than HM fractions. The comparison of EO and corresponding fractions EC50 values suggests interactions between OCM and HM fractions against CRKN hatching. These species EOs showed to be potential environmentally friendly CRKN hatching inhibitors; nonetheless, bioactivity should be considered globally, since its HM and OCM fractions may contribute, diversely, to the full anti-hatching activity.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Prof. Dr José Barroso, Prof. Dr Luis Pedro, Prof. Dr Graça Miguel, Prof. Dr Helena Trindade, Dr Diara Kady, M.Sc.’s Sofia Lima, Natacha Moura and Marta Taveira (Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, CBV), Lic. Pedro Barbosa (Universidade de Évora), Dr Leandra Rodrigues (Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa), Dr Marta Mendes (Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa), Prof. Dr Kiril Bahcevandziev (Escola Superior Agrária de Coimbra), Cacial – Cooperativa Agrícola de Citricultores do Algarve, C.R.L., and Eng. João Sanches (Mata Experimental do Escaroupim, Instituto da Conservação da Natureza e das Florestas), for providing some of the plant material and/or for the technical support. Jorge Faria is grateful to the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) for the Ph.D. grant SFRH/BD/43 738/2008. This study was partially funded by FCT, under Pest–OE/EQB/LA0023/2011 and research contract PTDC/AGR-CFL/117026/2010.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, CBV, DBV, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal

    Jorge Miguel Silva Faria, Inês Sena, Ana Margarida Rodrigues & Ana Cristina da Silva Figueiredo

  2. NemaLab, ICAAM - Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, Universidade de Évora, Núcleo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7002-554, Évora, Portugal

    Bruno Ribeiro & Manuel Mota

  3. CIEPQPF, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade de Coimbra, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal

    Carla Maria Nobre Maleita

  4. IMAR-CMA, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal

    Isabel Abrantes

  5. Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta dos Prados - Apartado 1013, 5000-911, Vila Real, Portugal

    Richard Bennett

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  1. Jorge Miguel Silva Faria
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  8. Manuel Mota
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  9. Ana Cristina da Silva Figueiredo
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Correspondence to Ana Cristina da Silva Figueiredo.

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Communicated by M.B. Isman

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Faria, J.M.S., Sena, I., Ribeiro, B. et al. First report on Meloidogyne chitwoodi hatching inhibition activity of essential oils and essential oils fractions. J Pest Sci 89, 207–217 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-015-0664-0

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