Abstract
The circular economy requires advanced methods to recycle biomass into value-added materials, such as lignin extraction and modification. Here, we review lignin valorization with focus on lignin extraction from biomass, lignin modification, and applications in medicine, cosmetics, environment and agriculture. Lignin extraction can be done by alkaline hydrolysis, kraft pulp method, glycerolysis, single and binary solvent systems, and ionic liquids. Lignin modification includes functionalization, preparation of lignin graft polymers and lignin nanoparticles, and depolymerization. Applications comprise tissue engineering and wound healing, substance carriers for delivery, coatings, natural sunscreen and surfactants.
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References
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Mondal, S., Jatrana, A., Maan, S. et al. Lignin modification and valorization in medicine, cosmetics, environmental remediation and agriculture: a review. Environ Chem Lett 21, 2171–2197 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-023-01585-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-023-01585-3