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Characterization of the nematocidal toxocyst in Pleurotus subgen. Coremiopleurotus

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Mycoscience

Abstract

Toxocysts of the genus Pleurotus are blastoconidia-like ovoid structures surrounded by a liquid droplet containing a toxin that paralyzes nematodes. This study investigated toxocyst development using a strain S396 of Pleurotus cystidiosus subsp. abalonus (subgen. Coremiopleurotus). The surface of the liquid droplet was found to be an elastic envelope. When a nematode touches the toxocyst, the envelope adheres to the worm and bursts. Toxocysts are induced simultaneously with coremia formation in the absence of nematodes and developed only from aerial hyphae in which nuclear division had ceased. In the early stage of toxocyst development, liquid springs repeatedly from the tip of the sterigma-like stipe before ovoid (blastoconidium-like structure) formation. A certain substance in the liquid might polymerize to form the envelope while the ovoid simultaneously budded in the droplet. The nucleus tends to locate near the toxocyst, especially in early stage of toxocyst development. Each dikaryotic cell predominantly formed one or two toxocyst(s) while each monokaryotic cell predominantly formed one. In rare cases, a nucleus existed in the toxocyst, suggesting the possibility that the toxocyst is a vestigial blastoconidium.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Advanced Bioresources Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan

    Binh-Nguyen Truong & Akira Suzuki

  2. Department of Micro-biotechnology, Tropical Biology Institute in Ho Chi Minh City – Branch of Dalat, Dalat, Vietnam

    Binh-Nguyen Truong

  3. Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-KamatariKisarazu-shi, Chiba, 292-0818, Japan

    Koei Okazaki

  4. Department of Plant Science, Natural History Museum & Institute, Chiba, Chiba, Japan

    Toshimitsu Fukiharu

  5. Laboratory of Environment Mycoscience, Division of Environmental Science and Technology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Yuko Takeuchi & Kazuyoshi Futai

  6. Center for Nuclear Techniques, Vietnam Atomic Energy Commission, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Xuan-Tham Le

  7. Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan

    Akira Suzuki

Authors
  1. Binh-Nguyen Truong
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  2. Koei Okazaki
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  3. Toshimitsu Fukiharu
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  4. Yuko Takeuchi
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  5. Kazuyoshi Futai
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  6. Xuan-Tham Le
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  7. Akira Suzuki
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Correspondence to Koei Okazaki.

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Truong, BN., Okazaki, K., Fukiharu, T. et al. Characterization of the nematocidal toxocyst in Pleurotus subgen. Coremiopleurotus . Mycoscience 48, 222–230 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10267-007-0358-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10267-007-0358-4

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