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Dominant Enterobacteriaceae in tempeh were primarily originated from soybean

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Abstract

During tempeh production, boiling was considered as heat treatment that could significantly reduce or eliminate bacterial population in soybean before fungal inoculation. The objective of this study was to enumerate and trace Enterobacteriaceae communities in pre-boiling soybean, post-boiling soybean, and fresh tempeh designated as RTI and EMP. Standard plate count and qRT-PCR were employed to determine the culturable and non-culturable bacteria, while Enterobacterial Repetitive Intragenic Consensus PCR was conducted to determine the intraspecies genomic variations. Fresh tempeh from both RTI and EMP contained approximately 107 and 108 CFU/g of Enterobacteriaceae respectively. The number of bacteria in pre-boiling soybean were 10,000 times lower than in fresh tempeh. Our study showed that most Enterobacteriaceae were severely injured or quiescent during boiling process and quickly recovered up to 109 CFU/g in fresh tempeh. Some Klebsiella isolates found in tempeh were genetically identical to isolates in soybean, but different from those of medical isolates. This study suggested that soybean could be the main origin of Klebsiella in fresh tempeh.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by PT Wilmar Benih Indonesia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Darmaga Campus, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia

    Horizon M. Ilham, Antonius Suwanto & Iman Rusmana

  2. Biotechnology Research and Development Department, PT Wilmar Benih Indonesia, Bekasi, 17539, Indonesia

    Michael Wijaya

  3. Department of Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Universitas Katolik Atma Jaya, Jalan Jenderal Sudirman 51, Jakarta, 12930, Indonesia

    Antonius Suwanto

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  1. Horizon M. Ilham
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Correspondence to Antonius Suwanto.

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Ilham, H.M., Wijaya, M., Suwanto, A. et al. Dominant Enterobacteriaceae in tempeh were primarily originated from soybean. Food Sci Biotechnol 30, 861–868 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-021-00915-x

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