Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Relationship between intraocular lens refractive index and illuminance distribution on retina in off-axis incident light: simulation study of illumination optics

  • Regular Paper
  • Published:
Optical Review Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

We investigated the relationship between the refractive index of intraocular lenses and optical phenomena such as leading dysphotopsia.

Methods

A modified Liou–Brennan model including an intraocular lens (IOL) was used to analyze the illumination from off-axis incident light; the IOL was a biconvex single-focus spherical IOL at 20 D with three refractive indices set as 1.413 (low refractive index), 1.458 (medium refractive index), and 1.550 (high refractive index). Pupil diameters were analyzed for three different diameters, 3.0 mm, 5.0 mm, and 7.0 mm. Illumination optic simulations were performed using the optical illumination simulation program for LightTools ver. 9.1.1 (Synopsis Inc. California, USA).

Results

For off-axis incident light at 80–90°, a bimodal peak was observed. Higher refractive index IOLs resulted in higher peak values for both peaks and larger peak-to-valley. This was more pronounced at larger pupil diameters and peak values closer to the fovea.

Conclusion

Off-axis incident light consists of light passing between the iris and IOL, through the IOL to the sides of the IOL, and through the anterior and posterior surfaces of the IOL. These results suggest that the occurrence of optical phenomena can be reduced using IOLs with a low refractive index.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Holladay, J.T., Simpson, M.J.: Negative dysphotopsia: causes and rationale for prevention and treatment. J. Cataract Refract. Surg. 43, 263–275 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2016.11.049. (PubMed PMID: 28366376)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Masket, S., Fram, N.R.: Silicone intraocular lenses and negative dysphotopsia. J. Cataract Refract. Surg. 43, 299–300 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2016.12.017. (PubMed PMID: 28366380)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Masket, S., Fram, N.R.: Pseudophakic dysphotopsia: review of incidence, cause, and treatment of positive and negative dysphotopsia. Ophthalmology 128, e195–e205 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.08.009. (PubMed PMID: 32800744)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Holladay, J.T., Zhao, H., Reisin, C.R.: Negative dysphotopsia: The enigmatic penumbra. J. Cataract Refract. Surg. 38, 1251–1265 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2012.01.032. (PubMed PMID: 22727295)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Liou, H.L., Brennan, NA. Anatomically accurate finite model eye for optical modeling. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 14 1684–1695

  6. Davison, J.A.: Positive and negative dysphotopsia in patients with acrylic intraocular lenses. J. Cataract Refract. Surg. 26, 1346–1355 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1016/s0886-3350(00)00611-8. (PubMed PMID: 11020620)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Igarashi, A., Shimizu, K., Tsunehiro, S., Koshimizu, M., Kato, S., Ito, M., et al: Clinical science Dysphotopsia development factors after cataract surgery. Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi (J. Jpn Ophthalmol Soc.) 123, 32–38 (2019)

  8. Masket, S., Rupnik, Z., Fram, N.R.: Neuroadaptive changes in negative dysphotopsia during contralateral eye occlusion. J. Cataract Refract. Surg. 45, 242–243 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2018.12.010. (PubMed PMID: 30704729)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This research was partially supported by the Kitasato University Academic Encouragement Research (2017, 2018) Grant.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthoptics and Visual Science, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan

    Takushi Kawamorita & Tomoya Handa

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan

    Nobuyuki Shoji

Authors
  1. Takushi Kawamorita
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Tomoya Handa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Nobuyuki Shoji
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Takushi Kawamorita.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary Information

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kawamorita, T., Handa, T. & Shoji, N. Relationship between intraocular lens refractive index and illuminance distribution on retina in off-axis incident light: simulation study of illumination optics. Opt Rev 29, 487–491 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10043-022-00768-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10043-022-00768-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation