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“DO ONE, GET TWO”: dual venous drainage of the radial forearm free flap by a single venous anastomosis

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Abstract

Purpose

The radial forearm free flap (RFFF) remains a workhorse in microsurgical reconstruction. Its failure is primarily due to problems with venous drainage; for this reason, controversy on venous anastomosis patterns still exists. This manuscript describes our experience in using a communicating vein to overcome the complications of venous drainage of the RFFF.

Methods

Following a review of the vascular anatomy of the RFFF, we retrospectively review the use of the communicating vein and report our results, with the aim of overcoming the dichotomy “superficial versus deep venous system” and “single versus double anastomosis” and discussing the evidence of advantages in using a single microanastomosis with a communicating vein.

Results

Our retrospective review included a total of 123 patients in which a RFFF was performed to reconstruct intraoral defects, performed with a single venous anastomosis using the communicating vein. Four patients (3.25%) required a return to theatre for revision of the venous anastomosis and one case resulted in flap failure due to arterial insufficiency (0.81%).

Conclusions

Our series highlights the constant presence of the communicating vein, although with variations of origin and course that did not preclude the possibility to correctly perform the anastomosis. Advantages of a single microanastomosis with the communicating vein include ease, speed, reliability and versatility in planning the anastomosis. Based on our results, the use of the communicating vein showed comparable and, in some cases, more favourable results when compared to venous anastomotic complications reported in the literature.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Maria Vittoria Hospital, Via Cibrario, 72 10144, Turin, Italy

    Silvia Germano, Marco Borsetti, Ezio Nicola Gangemi, Alessandra Clemente, Filippo Rivarossa, Enrico Cavalieri & Giorgio Merlino

  2. Department of Surgery “Pietro Valdoni” Plastic Surgery Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

    Enrico Cavalieri & Luca Patanè

Authors
  1. Silvia Germano
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  2. Marco Borsetti
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  3. Ezio Nicola Gangemi
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Correspondence to Silvia Germano.

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Germano, S., Borsetti, M., Gangemi, E.N. et al. “DO ONE, GET TWO”: dual venous drainage of the radial forearm free flap by a single venous anastomosis. Oral Maxillofac Surg 27, 283–288 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-022-01060-3

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