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Spectroscopic and computational investigations of Cobalt(II) binding to the innate immune protein human calprotectin

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Abstract

Human calprotectin (CP) is an innate immune protein that participates in the metal-withholding response to infection by sequestering essential metal nutrients from invading microbial pathogens. CP is comprised of S100A8 (α subunit, 10.8 kDa) and S100A9 (β subunit, 13.2 kDa). Two transition-metal binding sites of CP form at the S100A8/S100A9 dimer interface. Site 1 is a His3Asp motif comprised of His83 and His87 from the S100A8 subunit and His20 and Asp30 from the S100A9 subunit. Site 2 is an unusual hexahistidine motif composed of S100A8 residues His17 and His27 and S100A9 residues His91, His95, His103, and His105. In the present study, the His3Asp and His6 sites of CP were further characterized by utilizing Co2+ as a spectroscopic probe. Magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy was employed in conjunction with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and density functional theory computations to characterize the Co2+-bound S100A8(C42S)/S100A9(C3S) CP-Ser variant and six site variants that allowed the His3Asp and His6 sites to be further probed. Our results provide new insight into the metal-binding sites of CP-Ser and the effect of amino acid substitutions on the structure of site 2.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant no. CHE-1352132 (CAREER to EMN), the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under Grant no. DGE-1256259 (fellowship to MMK), and the National Science Foundation grant CHE-0840494 (computational resources).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA

    Michelle M. Killian & Thomas C. Brunold

  2. Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA

    Megan B. Brophy & Elizabeth M. Nolan

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  1. Michelle M. Killian
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  2. Megan B. Brophy
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  3. Elizabeth M. Nolan
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Correspondence to Elizabeth M. Nolan or Thomas C. Brunold.

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Killian, M.M., Brophy, M.B., Nolan, E.M. et al. Spectroscopic and computational investigations of Cobalt(II) binding to the innate immune protein human calprotectin. J Biol Inorg Chem 29, 127–137 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00775-023-02034-w

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