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Ratiometric antifouling electrochemical biosensors based on designed Y-shaped peptide and MXene loaded with Au@ZIF-67 and methylene blue

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Abstract

Based on the designed inverted Y-shaped peptide and MXene nanocomposite (MXene-Au@ZIF-67), a ratiometric anti-pollution electrochemical biosensor was designed and applied to the detection of biomarkers in serum. Au@ZIF-67 inserted into the interior of MXene can not only prevent the accumulation of MXene but also provide a large amounts of binding sites for capturing biomolecules. A designed multifunctional Y-shaped peptide containing anchoring, antifouling, and recognition sequences was anchored onto MXene-Au@ZIF-67 through Au–S bonds. Electrochemical signal molecules, ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc) and methylene blue (MB), were modified to another end of multifunctional peptide and interior of MXene-Au@ZIF-67, respectively, to produce a ratiometric electrochemical signal. We selected prostate specific antigen (PSA) as the model compound. PSA specifically recognizes and cleaves the recognition segment in the Y-shaped peptide, and the signal of Fc is reduced, while the signal of MB remains unchanged. The ratiometric strategy endows the present biosensor high accuracy and sensitivity with a detection limit of 0.85 pg/mL. In addition, the sensing surface has good antifouling ability due to the antifouling sequence of the two branching parts of the Y-shaped peptide. More importantly, by replacing the recognition segment of peptides also other targets are accessible, indicating the potential application of the universal detection strategy to the detection of various biomarkers in clinical diagnosis.

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Funding

The authors greatly acknowledge the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22074074), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2020MB065), and the Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong Province (2021ZDSYS30).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266042, People’s Republic of China

    Yan Ding, Shulei Zhang, Xiuhui Zang, Mengli Ding & Caifeng Ding

  2. Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, Qingdao, 266042, People’s Republic of China

    Yan Ding, Shulei Zhang, Xiuhui Zang, Mengli Ding & Caifeng Ding

  3. Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao, 266042, People’s Republic of China

    Yan Ding, Shulei Zhang, Xiuhui Zang, Mengli Ding & Caifeng Ding

  4. College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, People’s Republic of China

    Yan Ding, Shulei Zhang, Xiuhui Zang, Mengli Ding & Caifeng Ding

Authors
  1. Yan Ding
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  2. Shulei Zhang
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  3. Xiuhui Zang
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  4. Mengli Ding
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  5. Caifeng Ding
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Contributions

YD: data curation, formal analysis, investigation, methodology, and writing—original draft. SZ: conceptualization, supervision, validation, and visualization. XZ: investigation, validation, and supervision. MD: data curation, formal analysis, investigation, and methodology. CD: conceptualization and writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to Caifeng Ding.

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Highlights

• A multifunctional Y-shaped peptide containing anchoring, antifouling, and recognition sequences was designed.

• Electrochemical signal molecules, ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc) and methylene blue (MB), were used to produce ratiometric electrochemical signal.

• An antifouling ratiometric biosensor was constructed and can be used for the detection in complex samples with high sensitivity and accurate.

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Supplementary file1 (DOCX 9288 KB)

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Ding, Y., Zhang, S., Zang, X. et al. Ratiometric antifouling electrochemical biosensors based on designed Y-shaped peptide and MXene loaded with Au@ZIF-67 and methylene blue. Microchim Acta 191, 5 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-023-06079-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-023-06079-1

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