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Electrochemiluminescence biosensor for determination of lead(II) ions using signal amplification by Au@SiO2 and tripropylamine-endonuclease assisted cycling process

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Abstract

MXene@Au as the base and Au@SiO2 as signal amplification factor were used for constructing an ultrasensitive “on–off” electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor for the detection of Pb2+ in water. The use of MXene@Au composite provided a good interface environment for the loading of tris(2,2-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)32+) on the electrode. Based on resonance energy transfer, the Au (core) SiO2 (shell) (Au@SiO2) nanoparticles stimulate electron transport and promote tripropylamine (TPrA) oxidation. The luminescence effect of Au@SiO2 was five times that of AuNPs and SiO2 nanomaterials alone, and the ECL intensity was greatly improved. In addition, Pb2+ activated the aptamer to exert its endonuclease activity, which realized the signal cycle amplification in the process of Pb2+ detection. When Pb2+ was added, the ECL signal weakened, and the Pb2+ concentration was detected according to the decreased ECL intensity. Under optimized experimental conditions, this aptamer sensor for Pb2+ has a wide detection range (0.1 to 1 × 106 ng L−1) and a low detection limit (0.059 ng L−1). The relative standard deviation (RSD) of the sensor is 0.39–0.99%, and the recovery of spiked standard is between 90.00 and 125.70%. The sensor shows good selectivity and high sensitivity in actual water sample analysis. This signal amplification strategy possibly provides a new method for the detection of other heavy metal ions and small molecules.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2018BC055) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 32161133008).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China

    Hongguo Zhai, Yue Wang, Jiaqi Yin, Yuhao Zhang, Qi Guo, Xia Sun, Yemin Guo, Qingqing Yang, Falan Li & Yanyan Zhang

  2. Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China

    Hongguo Zhai, Yue Wang, Jiaqi Yin, Yuhao Zhang, Qi Guo, Xia Sun, Yemin Guo, Qingqing Yang, Falan Li & Yanyan Zhang

  3. Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China

    Hongguo Zhai, Yue Wang, Jiaqi Yin, Yuhao Zhang, Qi Guo, Xia Sun, Yemin Guo, Qingqing Yang, Falan Li & Yanyan Zhang

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  1. Hongguo Zhai
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  2. Yue Wang
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Correspondence to Yanyan Zhang.

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Zhai, H., Wang, Y., Yin, J. et al. Electrochemiluminescence biosensor for determination of lead(II) ions using signal amplification by Au@SiO2 and tripropylamine-endonuclease assisted cycling process. Microchim Acta 189, 317 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-022-05429-9

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