Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Reliability of graded cycling test with talk test and 30-s chair-stand test in men with prostate cancer on androgen deprivation therapy

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Supportive Care in Cancer Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the absolute and relative reliability of the “graded cycling test with talk test” (GCT-TT) and the “30-second chair-stand test” (30s-CST) in men with prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).

Methods

Men with prostate cancer on ADT were included in this test-retest study. GCT-TT and 30s-CST were performed twice with 1 hour between test sessions. All tests were conducted by two experienced physiotherapists and all patients were familiar with the tests. Only intra-tester reliability was investigated as the test and retest of each participant were performed by the same physiotherapist. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC2.1), standard error of measurement (SEM and SEM95), and smallest real difference (SRD) were calculated.

Results

Sixty men were included with a mean age of 70.8 ± 6.6 (mean ± SD) years. All performed 30s-CST twice without any problems. Two participants were excluded from the analysis of the GCT-TT results. Relative reliability for 30s-CST (ICC2.1) was 0.97 [95% CI: 0.94–0.98] with low measurement error: SEM95, 1.9 repetitions, and SRD, 2.6 repetitions. The corresponding results for GCT-TT were ICC2.1, 0.90 [95% CI: 0.84–0.94]; SEM95, 19.9 W; and SRD, 28.2 W.

Conclusions

The reliability of 30s-CST and GCT-TT is substantial for men with prostate cancer receiving ADT. Overall, an average 30s-CST improvement of 1.9 repetitions on a group level and three repetitions for individual patients are considered real improvements. A GCT-TT improvement exceeding 19.9 W represents a real improvement for a group of patients. Individual patients need to improve two steps (30 W).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

Availability of data and material

Can be shown upon request.

References

  1. Bourke L, Smith D, Steed L, Hooper R, Carter A, Catto J, Albertsen PC, Tombal B, Payne HA, Rosario DJ (2016) Exercise for men with prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Urol 69(4):693–703

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Pagliarulo V, Bracarda S, Eisenberger MA, Mottet N, Schroder FH, Sternberg CN et al (2012) Contemporary role of androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer. Eur Urol 61(1):11–25

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Finkelstein JS, Lee H, Burnett-Bowie SA, Pallais JC, Yu EW, Borges LF et al (2013) Gonadal steroids and body composition, strength, and sexual function in men. N Engl J Med 369(11):1011–1022

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Jespersen CG, Norgaard M, Borre M (2014) Androgen-deprivation therapy in treatment of prostate cancer and risk of myocardial infarction and stroke: a nationwide Danish population-based cohort study. Eur Urol 65(4):704–709

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Smith MR, Lee H, Fallon MA, Nathan DM (2008) Adipocytokines, obesity, and insulin resistance during combined androgen blockade for prostate cancer. Urology. 71(2):318–322

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Ostergren PB, Kistorp C, Bennedbaek FN, Faber J, Sonksen J, Fode M (2016) The use of exercise interventions to overcome adverse effects of androgen deprivation therapy. Nat Rev Urol 13(6):353–364

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Mottet NPC RCNvdB, Briers E, De Santis M, Fanti S, Gillessen S, Grummet J, Henry AM, Lam TB, Mason MD, van der Kwast TH, van der Poel HG,Rouvière O, Schoots IG, Tilki D,Wiegel T (2020) EAU guidelines on Prostate Cancer. https://uroweb.org/guideline/prostate-cancer/

  8. Ostergren P, Ragle AM, Jakobsen H, Klausen TW, Vinther A, Sonksen J (2016) Group-based exercise in daily clinical practice to improve physical fitness in men with prostate cancer undergoing androgen deprivation therapy: study protocol. BMJ Open 6(6):e011460

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Schmidt MLK, Ostergren P, Cormie P, Ragle AM, Sonksen J, Midtgaard J (2019) "kicked out into the real world": prostate cancer patients’ experiences with transitioning from hospital-based supervised exercise to unsupervised exercise in the community. Support Care Cancer 27(1):199–208

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Galvão DA, Taaffe DR, Spry N, Joseph D, Newton RU (2010) Combined resistance and aerobic exercise program reverses muscle loss in men undergoing androgen suppression therapy for prostate cancer without bone metastases: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Oncol 28(2):340–347

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Cormie P, Galvão DA, Spry N, Joseph D, Chee R, Taaffe DR, Chambers SK, Newton RU (2015) Can supervised exercise prevent treatment toxicity in patients with prostate cancer initiating androgen-deprivation therapy: a randomised controlled trial. BJU Int 115(2):256–266

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Bourke L, Doll H, Crank H, Daley A, Rosario D, Saxton JM (2011) Lifestyle intervention in men with advanced prostate cancer receiving androgen suppression therapy: a feasibility study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev 20(4):647–657

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Gaskin CJ, Fraser SF, Owen PJ, Craike M, Orellana L, Livingston PM (2016) Fitness outcomes from a randomised controlled trial of exercise training for men with prostate cancer: the ENGAGE study. J Cancer Surviv Res Pract 10(6):972–980

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Nilsen TS, Raastad T, Skovlund E, Courneya KS, Langberg CW, Lilleby W et al (2015) Effects of strength training on body composition, physical functioning, and quality of life in prostate cancer patients during androgen deprivation therapy. Acta Oncol (Stockholm, Sweden) 54(10):1805–1813

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Nielsen SG, Buus L, Hage T, Olsen H, Walsoe M, Vinther A (2014) The graded cycling test combined with the talk test is reliable for patients with ischemic heart disease. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 34(4):276–280

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Steen Krawcyk R, Vinther A, Caesar Petersen N, Kruuse C (2017) "Graded cycling test with talk test" is a reliable test to monitor cardiovascular fitness in patients with minor stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 26(3):494–499

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Jones CJ, Rikli RE, Beam WC (1999) A 30-s chair-stand test as a measure of lower body strength in community-residing older adults. Res Q Exerc Sport 70(2):113–119

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Courneya KS, Vardy JL, O'Callaghan CJ, Friedenreich CM, Campbell KL, Prapavessis H, Crawford JJ, O'Brien P, Dhillon HM, Jonker DJ, Chua NS, Lupichuk S, Sanatani MS, Gill S, Meyer RM, Begbie S, Bonaventura T, Burge ME, Turner J, Tu D, Booth CM (2016) Effects of a structured exercise program on physical activity and fitness in colon cancer survivors: one year feasibility results from the CHALLENGE trial. Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev 25(6):969–977

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Crawford JJ, Vallance JK, Holt NL, Bell GJ, Steed H, Courneya KS (2017) A pilot randomized, controlled trial of a wall climbing intervention for gynecologic cancer survivors. Oncol Nurs Forum 44(1):77–86

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Lonbro S, Dalgas U, Primdahl H, Overgaard J, Overgaard K (2013) Feasibility and efficacy of progressive resistance training and dietary supplements in radiotherapy treated head and neck cancer patients--the DAHANCA 25A study. Acta Oncol (Stockholm, Sweden) 52(2):310–318

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Rossi A, Garber CE, Ortiz M, Shankar V, Goldberg GL, Nevadunsky NS (2016) Feasibility of a physical activity intervention for obese, socioculturally diverse endometrial cancer survivors. Gynecol Oncol 142(2):304–310

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Dobson F, Hinman RS, Hall M, Terwee CB, Roos EM, Bennell KL (2012) Measurement properties of performance-based measures to assess physical function in hip and knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review. Osteoarthr Cartil 20(12):1548–1562

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Gill S, McBurney H (2008) Reliability of performance-based measures in people awaiting joint replacement surgery of the hip or knee. Physiother Res Int 13(3):141–152

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Wright AA, Cook CE, Baxter GD, Dockerty JD, Abbott JH (2011) A comparison of 3 methodological approaches to defining major clinically important improvement of 4 performance measures in patients with hip osteoarthritis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 41(5):319–327

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Lyders Johansen K, Derby Stistrup R, Skibdal Schjott C, Madsen J, Vinther A (2016) Absolute and relative reliability of the timed 'Up & Go' test and '30second chair-Stand' test in hospitalised patients with stroke. PLoS One 11(10):e0165663

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Alfonso-Rosa RM, Del Pozo-Cruz B, Del Pozo-Cruz J, Sanudo B, Rogers ME (2014) Test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores for fitness assessment in older adults with type 2 diabetes. Rehabil Nurs 39(5):260–268

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Bodilsen AC, Juul-Larsen HG, Petersen J, Beyer N, Andersen O, Bandholm T (2015) Feasibility and inter-rater reliability of physical performance measures in acutely admitted older medical patients. PLoS One 10(2):e0118248

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Unver B, Kahraman T, Kalkan S, Yuksel E, Karatosun V, Gunal I (2015) Test-retest reliability of the 50-foot timed walk and 30-second chair stand test in patients with total hip arthroplasty. Acta Orthop Belg 81(3):435–441

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Unver B, Kalkan S, Yuksel E, Kahraman T, Karatosun V (2015) Reliability of the 50-foot walk test and 30-sec chair stand test in total knee arthroplasty. Acta Ortopedica Brasileira 23(4):184–187

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Kottner J, Audige L, Brorson S, Donner A, Gajewski BJ, Hrobjartsson A et al (2011) Guidelines for reporting reliability and agreement studies (GRRAS) were proposed. Int J Nurs Stud 48(6):661–671

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Terwee CB, Mokkink LB, Knol DL, Ostelo RW, Bouter LM, de Vet HC (2012) Rating the methodological quality in systematic reviews of studies on measurement properties: a scoring system for the COSMIN checklist. Qual Life Res Int J Qual Life Asp Treat Care Rehab 21(4):651–657

    Google Scholar 

  32. Okura T, Tanaka K (2001) A unique method for predicting cardiorespiratory fitness using rating of perceived exertion. J Physiol Anthropol Appl Hum Sci 20(5):255–261

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Shrout PE (1998) Measurement reliability and agreement in psychiatry. Stat Methods Med Res 7(3):301–317

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Weir JP (2005) Quantifying test-retest reliability using the intraclass correlation coefficient and the SEM. J Strength Cond Res 19(1):231–240

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Hopkins WG (2000) Measures of reliability in sports medicine and science. Sports Med (Auckland, NZ) 30(1):1–15

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Beckerman H, Roebroeck ME, Lankhorst GJ, Becher JG, Bezemer PD, Verbeek AL (2001) Smallest real difference, a link between reproducibility and responsiveness. Qual Life Res Int J Qual Life Asp Treat Care Rehab 10(7):571–578

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Zanettini R, Centeleghe P, Franzelli C, Mori I, Benna S, Penati C, Sorlini N (2013) Validity of the talk test for exercise prescription after myocardial revascularization. Eur J Prev Cardiol 20(2):376–382

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Nielsen SG, Vinther A (2016) Graded cycling test combined with the talk test is responsive in cardiac rehabilitation. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 36(5):368–374

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank PROTERAPI A/S for lending us the stationary bicycle (Monark 928-G2).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark

    Maria Rothgart Aabo, Anne-Mette Ragle & Anders Vinther

  2. Department of Urology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark

    Peter Busch Østergren

  3. QD-Research Unit, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark

    Anders Vinther

Authors
  1. Maria Rothgart Aabo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Anne-Mette Ragle
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Peter Busch Østergren
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Anders Vinther
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

All authors contributed to the study and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Maria Rothgart Aabo, Anne-Mette Ragle, Peter Busch Østergren, and Anders Vinther. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Maria Rothgart Aabo and all authors commented on the previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Maria Rothgart Aabo.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethics approval

“All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.”

The Research Ethics Committee in the Capital Region of Denmark (ID: 16037056) reviewed the study protocol and approved but found that a formal approval was not required.

The Danish Data Protection Agency approved the study (ID: 05344 and HGH-2017-012).

All patients were informed and gave written consent before inclusion in the study.

Consent to participate

is completed before participation (consent to participate and for publication in the same document).

Consent for publication

is completed before participation (consent to participate and for publication in the same document).

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Aabo, M.R., Ragle, AM., Østergren, P.B. et al. Reliability of graded cycling test with talk test and 30-s chair-stand test in men with prostate cancer on androgen deprivation therapy. Support Care Cancer 29, 4249–4256 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-020-05918-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-020-05918-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation