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Survival and analysis of prognostic factors for primary malignant cardiac tumors based on the SEER database

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to use the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to evaluate the survival rate of primary malignant cardiac tumors (PMCTs), assess the risk factors affecting survival, and calculate the number of PMCT cases in recent years.

Methods

SEER 22 registries were used to calculate the number of cases PMCT. Data on age, sex, race, marital status, tumor size, the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, lymph node involvement, metastasis, treatment, and survival were collected to analyze the survival and prognostic factors of SEER 17 registries. Using the Kaplan–Meier estimation method, a survival curve was obtained according to the influencing factors, and a multivariable Cox regression model was established.

Results

In recent years, the average annual number of PMCT cases was 20.56 ± 7.12, significantly higher than the average before 2004 (P = 0.015; 95% CI 1.14–8.98). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 45.6%, 18.8%, and 11.2%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that age (risk ratio [HR], 2.047; 95% CI 1.381–3.034), AJCC stage III (HR, 1.786; 95% CI 1.123–2.839), AJCC staging with distant metastasis (HR, 2.666; 95% CI 1.509–4.709), no chemotherapy (HR, 2.011; 95% CI 1.561–2.590), and tumor size larger than 99 mm (HR, 1.766; 95% CI 1.132–2.756) were independent risk factors for poor prognosis. Only age over 76 years and distant metastasis were independent risk factors for prognosis in the chemotherapy group.

Conclusion

In recent years, the annual number of patients with PMCT has increased significantly. Due to developments in chemotherapy, we should re-evaluate the traditional tumor staging and prognostic risk indicators to improve clinical applications.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

SEER:

Surveillance,epidemiology,and end results

AJCC:

American Joint Committee on Cancer

PMCT:

Primary malignant cardiac tumor

OS:

Overall survival

HR:

Hazard ratio

CI:

Confidence interval

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Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Author notes

  1. Xiaoxiao Chen and Yizhou Chen contributed to the work equally and should be regarded as co-first authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiangjiayuan, Nanjing, China

    Xiaoxiao Chen, Yizhou Chen, Fangping Xiao, Meng Liu, Zhan Gu, Yi Li & Mei Hong

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  1. Xiaoxiao Chen
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  2. Yizhou Chen
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  3. Fangping Xiao
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  4. Meng Liu
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  5. Zhan Gu
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  7. Mei Hong
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Contributions

XC and YC participated in the data analysis of the design of the article writing project. ZG, FX and ML participated in data collection. MH is responsible for the editing and inspection of this article.

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Correspondence to Mei Hong.

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Chen, X., Chen, Y., Xiao, F. et al. Survival and analysis of prognostic factors for primary malignant cardiac tumors based on the SEER database. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 149, 15687–15696 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-023-05351-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-023-05351-4

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