Abstract
Pure and a series of rare earth element (RE) (Er, Sm, Gd, Pr and Y)-doped NiO nanoparticles (NPs) were fabricated by co-precipitation method in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol as a capping agent. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) techniques were used to investigate the crystal structure and morphology of the prepared samples, respectively. The XRD patterns indicated that all the samples exhibited a single phase of face-centered cubic crystalline structure. TEM images displayed a spherical morphology of weakly agglomerated NPs. Furthermore, the chemical compositions were identified by proton-induced X-ray emission and Rutherford backscattering analysis. The metal oxide (Ni–O) functional group was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with its observed band varying from 419.3 to 433.3 cm−1, depending on the RE doping element. The optical properties of the RE-doped NiO NPs were studied using UV–Vis absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. A small blueshift was obtained in the optical spectra of the RE-doped samples as compared to the undoped samples, implying an increase in the optical band gap. The study of the room temperature magnetic properties was done using the vibrating sample magnetometer, which revealed the coexistence of antiferromagnetic and weak ferromagnetic ordering in pure and RE3+-doped NiO NPs. The magnetization increased depending on the magnetic moments of RE dopant ions. Also, the origin of the anomalous ferromagnetism in the prepared samples may be mainly related to Ni vacancy defects, which were evinced from the results of PL.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
S.M. Chavali, M.P. Nikolova, SN Appl. Sci. 1, 607 (2019)
H. Ramachandran, M.M. Jahanara, N.M. Nairab, P. Swaminathan, RSC Adv. 10, 3951 (2020)
A.C. Gandhi, S.Y. Wu, AIP Adv. 10, 015211 (2020)
M.S. Alnarabiji, O. Tantawi, A. Ramli, N.A.M. Zabidi, O.B. Ghanem, B. Abdullahad, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 114, 109326 (2019)
S. Burrola, M. Horii, M.J. Gonzalez-Guerrero, J.C. Bachman, F.A. Gomez, Electrophoresis 41, 131 (2020)
N. Kaur, D. Zappa, E. Comini, Electron. Mater. Lett. 15, 743 (2019)
M. Da Rocha, A. Rougier, Appl. Phys. A 122, 370 (2016)
C. Guillén, J. Herrero, Mater. Res. Express 7, 1 (2019)
J. Massin, M. Bräutigam, S. Bold, M. Wächtler, M. Pavone, A.B. Munoz-Garcia, J. Phys. Chem. C 123(28), 17176 (2019)
P. Ravikumar, B. Kisan, A. Perumal, AIP Adv. 5, 087116 (2015)
A.C. Gandhi, T.S. Chan, J. Pant, S.Y. Wu, Nanoscale Res. Lett. 12, 207 (2017)
E. Erdem, K. Kiraz, M. Somer, R.A. Eichel, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 30, 289 (2010)
N. Rinaldi-Montes, P. Gorria, D. Martinez-Blanco, A.B. Fuertes, L.F. Barquin, J.R. Fernandez, I. de Pedro, M.L. Fdez-Gubieda, J. Alonso, L. Olivi, G. Aquilanti, J.A. Blanco, Nanoscale 6, 457 (2014)
A.S. Varpe, M.D. Deshpande, Pramana 89, 15 (2017)
M. Abdur Rahman, R. Radhakrishnan, SN Appl. Sci. 1, 221 (2019)
J. Chauhan, U. Chaubey, IOSRJEN 8, 88 (2018)
C. Mrabet, M. Ben Amor, A. Boukhachem, M. Amlouk, T. Manoubi, Ceram. Int. 42, 5963 (2016)
J. Junaidi, M. Yunus, H. Harsojo, E. Suharyadi, K. Triyana, Int. J. Adv. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol. 6, 365 (2016)
J.A. Dean, Lange’s Handbook of Chemistry, 15th edn. (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1999)
M.M. Obeid, H.R. Jappor, K. Al-Marzoki, I.A. Al-Hydary, S.J. Edrees, M.M. Shukur, RSC Adv. 9, 33207 (2019)
P. Kumar, V. Sharma, A. Sarwa, A. Kumar, Surbhi, R. Goyal, K. Sachdev, S. Annapoorni, K. Asokan, D. Kanjilal, RSC Adv. 6, 89242 (2016)
J. Al Boukhari, L. Zeidan, A. Khalaf, R. Awad, Chem. Phys. 516, 116 (2019)
M. Gomathi, P.V. Rajkumar, A. Prakasam, Results Phys. 10, 858 (2018)
M.S. Geetha, H. Nagabhushana, H.N. Shivananjaiah, J. Sci. Adv. Mater. Dev. 1, 301 (2016)
P. Bindu, S. Thomas, J. Theor. Appl. Phys. 8, 123 (2014)
A. Monshi, M.R. Foroughi, M.R. Monshi, World J. Nano Sci. Eng. 2, 154 (2012)
P.K. Giri, S. Bhattacharyya, D.K. Singh, R. Kesavamoorthy, B.K. Panigrahi, K.G.M. Nair, J. Appl. Phys. 102, 093515 (2007)
S. Tripathy, Nanoscale Res. Lett. 3, 164 (2008)
MdM Hasan, P.P. Dholabhai, R.H.R. Castro, B.P. Uberuaga, Surf. Sci. 649, 138 (2016)
A. Janotti, C.G.V. de Walle, Rep. Prog. Phys. 72, 126501 (2009)
A. Sahai, N. Goswami, Ceram. Int. 40, 14569 (2014)
M. El-Kemary, N. Nagy, I. El-Mehasseb, Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 16, 1747 (2013)
T. Anantha Kumar, S. Malathi, C.V. Mythili, M. Jeyachandran, IJCTR 11, 48 (2018)
M.N. Akhtar, T. Hussain, M.A. Khan, M. Ahmad, Results Phys. 10, 784 (2018)
V. Singh, V. Srinivas, S. Ram, Philos. Mag. 90, 1401 (2010)
A.B. Gemta, B. Bekele, A.R.C. Reddy, Int. J. Nanotechnol. Mater. Sci. 5, 44 (2018)
T.N. Soitah, Y. Chunhui, S. Liang, Sci. Adv. Mater. 2, 534 (2010)
E.G. Goh, X. Xu, P.G. McCormick, Scripta Mater. 78–79, 49–52 (2014)
A. Layek, S. Banerjee, B. Manna, A. Chowdhury, RSC Adv. 6, 35892 (2016)
S. El Whibi, L. Derbali, P. Tristant, C. Jaoul, M. Colas, R. Mayet, J. Cornette, H. Ezzaouia, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 30, 2351 (2019)
S.M. Meybodi, S.A. Hosseini, M. Rezaee, S.K. Sadrnezhaad, D. Mohammadyani, Ultrason. Sonochem. 19, 841 (2012)
K. Varunkumar, R. Hussain, G. Hegde, A.S. Ethiraj, Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 66, 149 (2017)
N. Saha, A. Sarkar, A.B. Ghosh, A.K. Dutta, G.R. Bhadu, P. Paul, B. Adhikary, RSC Adv. 5, 88848 (2015)
B. Kisan, P.C. Shyni, S. Layek, H.C. Verma, D. Hesp, V. Dhanak, S. Krishnamurthy, A. Perumal, IEEE Trans. Magn. 50, 1 (2014)
A. Diallo, K. Kaviyarasu, S. Ndiaye, B.M. Mothudi, A. Ishaq, V. Rajendran, M. Maaza, Green Chem. Lett. Rev. 11, 166 (2018)
A.C. Gandhi, S.Y. Wu, Nanomaterials (Basel) 7, 231 (2017)
B. Karthikeyan, T. Pandiyarajan, S. Hariharan, M.S. Ollakkan, Cryst. Eng. Comm. 18, 601 (2016)
X. Liu, X. Wu, H. Cao, R.P.H. Chang, J. Appl. Phys. 95, 3141 (2004)
M.V. Limaye, S.B. Singh, R. Das, P. Poddar, S.K. Kulkarni, J. Solid State Chem. 184, 391 (2011)
S.-Y. Kuo, W.-C. Chen, F.-I. Lai, C.-P. Cheng, H.-C. Kuo, S.-C. Wang, W.-F. Hsieh, J. Cryst. Growth 287, 78 (2006)
D.F. Crabtree, Phys. Status Solidi (a) 38, 217 (1976)
W.J. Duan, S.H. Lu, Z.L. Wu, Y.S. Wang, J. Phys. Chem. C 116, 26043 (2012)
Y. Shimomura, I. Tsubokawa, M. Kojima, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 9, 521 (1954)
S.A. Makhlouf, F.T. Parker, F.E. Spada, A.E. Berkowitz, J. Appl. Phys. 81, 5561 (1997)
Z.-Y. Chen, Y. Chen, Q.K. Zhang, X.Q. Tang, D.D. Wang, Z.Q. Chen, P. Mascher, S.J. Wang, ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol. 6, P798 (2017)
G. Madhu, K. Maniammal, V. Biju, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 18, 12135 (2016)
I. Sugiyama, N. Shibata, Z. Wang, S. Kobayashi, T. Yamamoto, Y. Ikuhara, Nat. Nanotechnol. 8, 266 (2013)
W.-B. Zhang, N. Yu, W.-Y. Yu, B.-Y. Tang, Eur. Phys. J. B 64, 153 (2008)
S. Mandal, S. Banerjee, K.S.R. Menon, Phys. Rev. B 80, 214420 (2009)
J.T. Richardson, D.I. Yiagas, B. Turk, K. Forster, M.V. Twigg, J. Appl. Phys. 70, 6977 (1991)
Z.H. Lan, X.J. Miao, in Applied Mechanics and Materials (Trans Tech Publ, 2014), pp. 70–73
A. Awadallah, S.H. Mahmood, Y. Maswadeh, I. Bsoul, M. Awawdeh, Q.I. Mohaidat, H. Juwhari, Mater. Res. Bull. 74, 192 (2016)
N.A. Spaldin, Magnetic Materials Fundamentals and Applications, 2nd edn. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2011)
M. George, A. Mary John, S.S. Nair, P.A. Joy, M.R. Anantharaman, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 302, 190 (2006)
K.O. Moura, R.J.S. Lima, A.A. Coelho, E.A. Souza-Junior, J.G.S. Duque, C.T. Meneses, Nanoscale 6, 352 (2013)
S. Chakraverty, M. Bandyopadhyay, J. Phys. Condens. Matter 19, 216201 (2007)
R.M.H. New, R.F.W. Pease, R.L. White, IEEE Trans. Magn. 31, 3805 (1995)
S. Laureti, G. Varvaro, A.M. Testa, D. Fiorani, E. Agostinelli, G. Piccaluga, A. Musinu, A. Ardu, D. Peddis, Nanotechnology 21, 315701 (2010)
R. Tholkappiyan, K. Vishista, Appl. Surf. Sci. 351, 1016 (2015)
S. Ammar, A. Helfen, N. Jouini, F. Fiévet, I. Rosenman, F. Villain, P. Molinié, M. Danot, J. Mater. Chem. 11, 186 (2001)
S. Liu, Chinese Phys. B 28, 017501 (2019)
N.S. Kumar, K.V. Kumar, Soft Nanosci. Lett. 6, 37 (2016)
Acknowledgements
This work was performed in the materials science laboratory, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, in collaboration with the Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Al Boukhari, J., Khalaf, A., Sayed Hassan, R. et al. Structural, optical and magnetic properties of pure and rare earth-doped NiO nanoparticles. Appl. Phys. A 126, 323 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-020-03508-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-020-03508-3