Abstract
Marine tardigrades in the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic regions are poorly understood. During the 59th Japan Antarctic Research Expedition, a sediment sample was collected from Lützow-Holm Bay, East Antarctica. The sediment sample yielded three species of marine tardigrades belonging to the family Styraconyxidae Kristensen & Renaud-Mornant, 1983: Angursa antarctica Villora-Moreno, 1998, Styraconyx cf. qivitoq Kristensen & Higgins, 1984, and S. takeshii sp. nov. The new species resembles S. nanoqsunguak Kristensen & Higgins, 1984 by the overall morphology, but the new species has thick seminal receptacle ducts that do not terminate in typical, swelled vesicles, in contrast to S. nanoqsunguak’s narrow seminal receptacle ducts that terminate in small vesicles. The presence of the undivided mouth papilla and the larger body further differentiates the new species from S. nanoqsunguak. We also report a young adult female with a gonopore, but lacking seminal receptacles in the new species. As well as morphological information, we provided the sequences of the new species’ nuclear 28S rRNA and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I fragments. Using the former molecular data, phylogenetic analyses of Styraconyxidae were conducted and polyphyly of Styraconyx was suggested. The biogeography of marine tardigrades in the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic regions are also discussed.
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taken from a video record of the seabed environment at the present study’s collection site (Lützow-Holm Bay)
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Acknowledgements
We sincerely acknowledge the master and crew of the icebreaker Shirase and the observation members and supporting members of JARE59 for their great contribution to the field operation. We would also like to thank Paul Bartels, Sandra McInnes, and one anonymous reviewer for their helpful comments to improve the manuscript. This study is a part of JARE 59 supported by NIPR and the result of the research meeting held there in December 2018. This study was also supported by the Research Project Fund of the Research and Education Center for Natural Science, Keio University, NIPR through General Collaboration Project No. 28-43, JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (JP25241001, JP17H01615), and MEXT Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (JP17H06322).
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Fujimoto, S., Suzuki, A.C., Ito, M. et al. Marine tardigrades from Lützow-Holm Bay, East Antarctica with the description of a new species. Polar Biol 43, 679–693 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-020-02671-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-020-02671-w