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New insights into epidemiological data and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on IgA vasculitis in children and adults: a French nationwide cohort

  • Cohort Studies
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Abstract

IgA vasculitis (IgAV) is a small size vasculitis for which epidemiologic data are strikingly lacking, especially about the adult form. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic seems to have profoundly modified the incidence of this disease. Here, we aimed to establish some relevant epidemiological data in both pediatric and adult IgAV. We performed an observational study using a national database called "BNDMR" on IgAV, which gathers patients managed in the French network of experts on rare diseases. We primarily performed descriptive statistics over the 2010–2022 period. Then, we compared the North–South geographical areas, the seasonality, and the impact of COVID-19 with that of other patients reported in the same centers. We collected data from 1988 IgAV patients. The sex ratio was 1.57 for adults and 1.05 for children. The annual incidence in 2021 was 0.06 for 100,000 adults and 0.50 for 100,000 children. Compared with other diseases reported into the BNDMR, IgAV was more common in the South than in the North of France (OR 4.88 [4.17–5.74] in adults and OR 1.51 [1.35–1.68] in children). IgAV was also observed more frequently in winter and autumn. Strikingly, we observed a decrease in incidence during the COVID-19 pandemic period in children (OR 0.62 [0.47–0.81]). Our study provides both new insights and confirmations of IgAV epidemiological data: winter and autumn seasonality, more pronounced male predominance in adults, decreasing incidence of pediatric IgAV during the COVID-19 pandemic and increasing incidence in the South of France.

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Data availability

All data processed for this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Abbreviations

BNDMR:

Banque Nationale de Données Maladies Rares

CI:

Confidence interval

COVID-19:

Coronavirus disease 2019

IgA:

Immunoglobulin A

IgAN:

IgA nephropathy

IgAV:

IgA vasculitis

IQR:

Interquartile range

OR:

Odds ratio

SDM-MR:

Minimum data set

SNDS:

National Health Data System

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Tours CHRU for its support and are grateful to the members of the French Rare Diseases Expert Network who are collecting the data.

Funding

The BNDMR operational team is subsidized by the Ministry of Health, as parts of its public interest policy.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Tours, Tours, France

    Valentin Maisons, Yanis Ramdani, Antoine Hankard, Bénédicte Sautenet, Jean-Michel Halimi, François Maillot & Alexandra Audemard-Verger

  2. Department of Nephrology, Hopital Bretonneau, CHU Bretonneau, CHU de Tours, 2 boulevard Tonnellé, 37000, Tours, France

    Valentin Maisons, Bénédicte Sautenet & Jean-Michel Halimi

  3. Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, CHU Tours, Tours, France

    Yanis Ramdani, François Maillot & Alexandra Audemard-Verger

  4. Banque Nationale de Données Maladies Rares (BNDMR), DSI-I&D, APHP, Paris, France

    Claude Messiaen & Anne-Sophie Jannot

  5. Department of Nephrology, Hopital Saint-Louis, APHP, Paris, France

    Évangeline Pillebout

  6. SPHERE INSERM U1246, Université de Tours, Université de Nantes, Tours, France

    Valentin Maisons & Bénédicte Sautenet

Authors
  1. Valentin Maisons
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  2. Yanis Ramdani
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  3. Antoine Hankard
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  8. François Maillot
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  10. Alexandra Audemard-Verger
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Contributions

VM and AAV contributed to design, data analysis and writing. CM and ASJ contributed to statistics, data analysis and writing. YR, BS, JMH, FM and EP contributed to writing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Valentin Maisons.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

This study was assessed by the scientific committee of the BNDMR (Authorization DR-2022-0001, #IRB00013741 IORG) and was declared to the French Data Protection Authority (MR-004, declaration number F20221216134226).

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Maisons, V., Ramdani, Y., Hankard, A. et al. New insights into epidemiological data and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on IgA vasculitis in children and adults: a French nationwide cohort. Rheumatol Int 43, 1791–1798 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-023-05387-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-023-05387-2

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