Abstract
Orf virus (ORFV), the prototype species of the Parapoxvirus genus, is an important zoonotic virus, causing great economic losses in livestock production. At present, there are no effective drugs for orf treatment. Therefore, it is crucial to develop accurate and rapid diagnostic approaches for ORFV. Over decades, various diagnostic methods have been established, including conventional methods such as virus isolation and electron microscopy; serological methods such as virus neutralization test (VNT), immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay, immunofluorescence assay (IFA), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); and molecular methods such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), real-time PCR, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), and recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) assay. This review provides an overview of currently available diagnostic approaches for ORFV and discusses their advantages and limitations and future perspectives, which would be significantly helpful for ORFV early diagnosis and surveillance to prevent outbreak of orf.
Key points
• Orf virus emerged and reemerged in past years
• Rapid and efficient diagnostic approaches are needed and critical for ORFV detection
• Novel and sensitive diagnostic methods are required for ORFV detection
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This work was supported by the Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Projects ([2022]093), the Cultivation Project of the National Natural Science Foundation for Young Teachers of Guizhou University ([2020]42), and the Scientific Research Project for Introduced Talents of Guizhou University ([2020]67).
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Pang, F., Long, Q. Recent advances in diagnostic approaches for orf virus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 107, 1515–1523 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-023-12412-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-023-12412-8