Abstract
The depletion of Bacteroides in the gut is closely correlated with the progression of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). This study aimed to identify Bacteroides strains with protective effects against ALD and evaluate the synergistic effects of Bacteroides and pectin in this disease. Mice were fed Lieber-DeCarli alcohol diet to establish an experimental ALD model and pre-treated with 4 Bacteroides strains. The severity of the liver injury, hepatic steatosis, and inflammation was evaluated through histological and biochemical assays. We found that Bacteroides fragilis ATCC25285 had the best protective effects against ALD strains by alleviating both ethanol-induced liver injury and steatosis. B. fragilis ATCC25285 could counteract inflammatory reactions in ALD by producing short-chain fat acids (SCFAs) and enhancing the intestinal barrier. In the subsequent experiment, the synbiotic combination of B. fragilis ATCC25285 and pectin was evaluated and the underlying mechanisms were investigated by metabolomic and microbiome analyses. The combination elicited superior anti-ALD effects than the individual agents used alone. The synergistic effects of B. fragilis ATCC25285 and pectin were driven by modulating gut microbiota, improving tryptophan metabolism, and regulating intestinal immune function. Based on our findings, the combination of B. fragilis ATCC25285 and pectin can be considered a potential treatment for ALD.
Key points
• B. fragilis ATCC25285 was identified as a protective Bacteroides strain against ALD.
• The synbiotic combination of B. fragilis and pectin has better anti-ALD effects.
• The synbiotic combination modulates gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism.
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Data availability
Gut microbiome 16S sequencing data were deposited in the Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database and can be accessed by the SRA accession number, PRJNA738382.
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Acknowledgements
We thank the laboratory animal center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University for helping with the maintenance of SPF mice.
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This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant [81790631, 81570512]; the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant [2018YFC2000500, 2021YFA1301104, 2021YFC2301804]; the Research Project of Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory (JNL-2022001A); and Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China under Grant [LQ19H030007].
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QQW, YTL, and LJL conceived and designed the experiments. QQW, STW, YML, ZJW, JS, SMJ, JWL, SJL, and AXZG conducted the experiments and collected the samples. LJL, LXL, HYJ, and RY offered resources for the experiments. QQW and RY analyzed the data. QQW and YTL wrote the paper. All the authors have read and approved the manuscript.
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Wang, Q., Li, Y., Lv, L. et al. Identification of a protective Bacteroides strain of alcoholic liver disease and its synergistic effect with pectin. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 106, 3735–3749 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-022-11946-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-022-11946-7