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Portable solid sensor supported in nylon for silver ion determination: testing its liberation as biocide

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Abstract

This paper reports the fabrication and utility of a new solid sensor, which allows the quantitation of silver ions acting as catalyst at the low micromolar level. The optical sensor was prepared by incorporating both reagents, pyrogallol red (PGR) and 1,10-phenanthroline (Phen), in a nylon membrane. The effect of parameters in determining silver-catalyzed oxidation of PGR by persulfate in the presence of Phen as an activator was studied and optimized for achieving suitable sensitivity. Semiquantitative analysis can be performed by visual inspection of the color of the sensor by comparing it with standard responses and quantitative analysis can be carried out by its diffuse reflectance (DR) measurement or by a digital image-processing tool (GIMP) using a smartphone. The sensor exhibited a linear relationship toward Ag(I) concentrations ranging from 0.4 to 10 μM or 1–25 μM and limits of detection of 0.1 μM or 0.3 μM for incubation times of 50 and 30 min, respectively. The relative standard deviation achieved for several batches of sensors was around 2%. The analysis of water samples from tap and refrigerating circuits containing solid biocides, which leach silver ions, prove that this portable and sustainable sensor is successfully operational in real situations.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the European Union - European Regional Development Fund and Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades- Agencia Estatal de Investigación of Spain (Project CTQ-2017-90082-P) and the Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO Program 2016/109) for financial support. S.B.-R. expresses her gratitude to PROMETEO program for her pre-doctoral grant. N.J.-M. expresses thanks to the Universitat of Valencia for her post-doc funding. The authors would like to thank Mipel SA company for samples.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. MINTOTA Research Group, Departament de Química Analítica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain

    Sara Bocanegra-Rodríguez, Neus Jornet-Martínez, Carmen Molins-Legua & Pilar Campíns-Falcó

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  1. Sara Bocanegra-Rodríguez
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  2. Neus Jornet-Martínez
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  3. Carmen Molins-Legua
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  4. Pilar Campíns-Falcó
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Correspondence to Carmen Molins-Legua or Pilar Campíns-Falcó.

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Bocanegra-Rodríguez, S., Jornet-Martínez, N., Molins-Legua, C. et al. Portable solid sensor supported in nylon for silver ion determination: testing its liberation as biocide. Anal Bioanal Chem 412, 4393–4402 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-020-02680-y

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