Abstract
The progression of neurological diseases is mainly attributed to oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, and trauma, making them a primary public concern. Since no drugs can stop these neurological disorders from happening, active phytochemical intervention has been suggested as a possible treatment. Among the several phytochemicals being studied for their potential health advantages, tanshinone-IIA (Tan-IIA ) stands out due to its wide range of therapeutic effects. Tan-IIA, derived from the Salvia miltiorrhiza plant, is a phenanthrenequinone. The pharmacological characteristics of Tan-IIAagainst various neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric illnesses have led researchers to believe that the compound possesses neuroprotective potential. Tan-IIA has therapeutic potential in treating neurological diseases due to its capacity to cross the blood-brain barrier and its broad range of activities. In treating neurological disorders, Tan-IIA has been shown to have neuroprotective effects such as anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, BBB protectant, and antioxidant properties. This article concisely summarises the latest scientific findings about the cellular and molecular aspects of Tan-IIA neuroprotection in relation to various neurological diseases. The results of preclinical studies on Tan-IIA provide insight into its potential application in future therapeutic development. This molecule rapidly establishes as a prominent bioactive compound for clinical research.
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Abbreviations
- AChE:
-
acetylcholinesterase
- AD:
-
Alzheimer's disease
- ADHD:
-
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
- AQP4:
-
aquaporin-4
- Bax:
-
Bcl-2 associated x-protein
- BBB:
-
Blood-brain barrier
- Bcl-2:
-
B cell lymphoma 2
- BDNF:
-
brain-derived neurotrophic factor
- BMSCs:
-
bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
- BSCB:
-
blood-spinal cord barrier
- CNS:
-
central nervous system
- Cyt c:
-
cytochrome-c
- DN:
-
diabetic neuropathy
- EAE:
-
experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
- ERK:
-
extracellular signal regulated kinase
- FGF-2:
-
fibroblast growth factor-2
- FTY720:
-
fingolimod
- GABA:
-
gamma-amino-butyric acid
- GFAP:
-
glial fibrillary acidic protein
- GPx:
-
glutathione peroxidase
- GSH:
-
glutathione
- HO-1:
-
heme oxygenase-1
- IBI:
-
ischemic brain injury
- ICAM-1:
-
intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1
- IL:
-
interleukin
- iNOS:
-
inducible nitric oxide synthase
- LPS:
-
lipopolysaccharide
- MDA:
-
malondialdehyde
- MDD:
-
major depressive disorder
- MIF:
-
migration inhibitory factor
- MNCV:
-
motor nerve conduction velocity
- MP:
-
methylprednisolone
- MPTP:
-
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
- MS:
-
multiple sclerosis
- NADPH:
-
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
- NF-ĸB:
-
nuclear factor kappa B
- NO:
-
nitric oxide
- NrF-2:
-
nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2) like 2
- p-CREB:
-
cAMP-response element binding protein
- PD:
-
Parkinson’s disease
- PTZ:
-
Pentylenetetrazole
- RasGRF1:
-
Ras-selective guanyl exchange factors
- ROS:
-
reactive oxygen species
- SCI:
-
spinal cord injury
- SNc:
-
substantia nigra pars compacta neurons
- SOD:
-
superoxide dismutase
- STS:
-
sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate
- STZ:
-
streptozotocin
- Tan-IIA:
-
Tanshinone-IIA
- TBI:
-
traumatic brain injury
- TH:
-
tyrosine hydroxylase
- TNF-α:
-
tumor necrosis factor
- VCAM-1:
-
vascular cell adhesion molecule-1
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The authors are grateful to Mr. Parveen Garg, Chairman, and Dr. G. D. Gupta, Director-cum-Principal, ISF College of Pharmacy (An Autonomous College), Moga (Punjab), India, for their great vision and support.
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sherawat, K., Mehan, S. Tanshinone-IIA mediated neuroprotection by modulating neuronal pathways. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 396, 1647–1667 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-023-02476-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-023-02476-8