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Potential therapeutic effects of boswellic acids/Boswellia serrata extract in the prevention and therapy of type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease

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Abstract

The link between diabetes and cognitive dysfunction has been reported in many recent articles. There is currently no disease-modifying treatment available for cognitive impairment. Boswellia serrata (B. serrata) is used traditionally to treat chronic inflammatory diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), insulin resistance (IR), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This review aims to highlight current research on the potential use of boswellic acids (BAs)/B. serrata extract in T2D and AD. We reviewed the published information through June 2021. Studies have been collected through a search on online electronic databases (Academic libraries as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Egyptian Knowledge Bank). Accumulating evidence in preclinical and small human clinical studies has indicated that BAs/B. serrata extract has potential therapeutic effect in T2D and AD. According to most of the authors, the potential therapeutic effects of BAs/B. serrata extract in T2D and AD can be attributed to immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activity, and elimination of the senescent cells. BAs/B. serrata extract may act by inhibiting the IκB kinase/nuclear transcription factor-κB (IKK/NF-κB) signaling pathway and increasing the formation of selective anti-inflammatory LOX-isoform modulators. In conclusion, BAs/B. serrata extract may have positive therapeutic effects in prevention and therapy of T2D and AD. However, more randomized controlled trials with effective, large populations are needed to show a definitive conclusion about therapeutic efficacy of BAs/B. serrata extract in T2D and AD.

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Abbreviations

ARDS:

Acute respiratory distress syndrome

AChEI:

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

AD:

Alzheimer’s disease

Aβ:

Amyloid beta

B. serrata :

Boswellia serrata

BA:

Boswellic acids

KBA:

11-Keto-β-boswellic acid

AKBA:

3-O-acetyl-11-keto-β- boswellic acid

DON:

Donepezil

GSK-3β:

Glucogen synthase kinase-3 beta

GSH:

Glutathione

HF/Hfr:

High-fat/high-fructose

HFD:

High fat diet

IR:

Insulin resistance

IL-1β:

Interleukin one beta

IL-6:

Interleukin-6

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

NMDA:

N-methyl-D-aspartate

NMDAR:

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor

AMPAR:

α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-isoxazole propionic acid receptor

NFTs:

Neurofibrillary tangles

SASP:

Senescence-associated secretory phenotype

STZ:

Streptozotocin

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

T2D:

Type 2 diabetes

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor alpha

veh:

Vehicle

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt

    Adel A. Gomaa & Hanan A. Farghaly

  2. Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt

    Yasmin A. Abdel-Wadood

  3. University Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt

    Ghada A. Gomaa

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The authors declare that all data were generated in-house and that no paper mill was used. AG: Conception and design of the work, drafting the manuscript, critical revision of the manuscript, HF: analysis and interpretation of data, critical revision of the manuscript, YA: data collection, drafting the manuscript.GG: data collection, drafting the manuscript.

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Gomaa, A.A., Farghaly, H.A., Abdel-Wadood, Y.A. et al. Potential therapeutic effects of boswellic acids/Boswellia serrata extract in the prevention and therapy of type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 394, 2167–2185 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-021-02154-7

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