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Effects of the cooling mode on the integrity and the multi-pass micro-scratching wear resistance of Hardox 500 ground surfaces

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Abstract

In this paper, effects of the cooling mode used in grinding of Hardox 500 on the material grindability, ground surface integrity, and multi-pass micro-scratching wear resistance are investigated. Three modes are experimented: dry grinding, soluble oil, and cryogenic cooling modes. Results showed that the cryogenic cooling achieved high levels of work hardening and compressive residual stresses. Moreover, it was found that the cryogenic cooling improves the multi-pass micro-scratching wear resistance of Hardox 500 comparatively with the polished state and ground surfaces under dry or soluble oil conditions. The improvement rates of the wear volumes generated by the cryogenic cooling represent 46% and 63% of the volumes generated for the polished state when scratch load of 10 N and 20 N were applied respectively. These improvements are discussed based on the integrities of the scratched surfaces and sub-surfaces.

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Abbreviations

\( {F}_n^{\prime } \) :

Specific normal grinding forces [N/mm]

\( {F}_t^{\prime } \) :

Specific tangential grinding forces [N/mm]

R a :

Average surface roughness [ÎŒm]

R t :

Total surface roughness [ÎŒm]

U c :

Specific grinding energy [J/mm3]

f n :

Normal scratching force [N]

f t :

Tangential scratching force [N]

Ό :

Friction coefficient

Pd :

Penetration depth [ÎŒm]

V T :

Worn volume [mm3]

L T :

Total sliding distance [mm]

L i :

Scratch length [mm]

R f :

Radius of spherical part [ÎŒm]

V i :

Wear volume [mm3]

R :

Radius of indenter tip [ÎŒm]

\( {V}_{{\mathrm{middle}}_i} \) :

Wear volumes of the middle [mm3]

\( {V}_{{\mathrm{ends}}_i} \) :

Wear volumes of the two ends of the scratch track [mm3]

h i :

Scratch depth [ÎŒm]

w i :

Width [ÎŒm]

k :

Wear rate [mm3/N.m]

E :

Dissipated specific energy [J/mm3]

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Mécanique, Matériaux et Procédés (LR99ES05), ENSIT, Université de Tunis, 5 Av. Taha Hussein Montfleury, 1008, Tunis, Tunisia

    Kamel Bensaid, Hafedh Dhiflaoui, Hassen Bouzaiene, Houda Yahyaoui & Nabil Ben Fredj

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  1. Kamel Bensaid
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  2. Hafedh Dhiflaoui
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  3. Hassen Bouzaiene
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  4. Houda Yahyaoui
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  5. Nabil Ben Fredj
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Contributions

Author name: Kamel Bensaid. Contributed to all parts of this work: Conceiving and designing the analysis, collecting data, performing analysis, writing paper.

Author name: Hafedh Dhiflaoui. Contributed to collecting and analyzing the data of the multi-scratch tests.

Author name: Hassen Bouzaiene. Contributed to collecting and analyzing the data of the grinding tests.

Author name: Houda Yahyaoui. Contributed to performing and analyzing the Tukey HDS tests that have been used to identify the stationary regimes of the coefficient of friction.

Author name: Nabil Ben Fredj. Supervised all the work and corrected the paper.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nabil Ben Fredj.

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Bensaid, K., Dhiflaoui, H., Bouzaiene, H. et al. Effects of the cooling mode on the integrity and the multi-pass micro-scratching wear resistance of Hardox 500 ground surfaces. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 113, 2865–2882 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-06719-x

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