Abstract
Neutral-atomic and molecular outflows are a common occurrence in galaxies, near and far. They operate over the full extent of their galaxy hosts, from the innermost regions of galactic nuclei to the outermost reaches of galaxy halos. They carry a substantial amount of material that would otherwise have been used to form new stars. These cool outflows may have a profound impact on the evolution of their host galaxies and environments. This article provides an overview of the basic physics of cool outflows, a comprehensive assessment of the observational techniques and diagnostic tools used to characterize them, a detailed description of the best-studied cases, and a more general discussion of the statistical properties of these outflows in the local and distant universe. The remaining outstanding issues that have not yet been resolved are summarized at the end of the review to inspire new research directions.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
Note that there is a typographical error in the numerical formulae of Rupke et al. (2005c): in their equations 13–18, the normalization factor of the column density N should be 10\(^{20}\) cm\(^{-2}\) rather than 10\(^{21}\) cm\(^{-2}\). The outflow energetics published in Rupke et al. (2005c) are based on the correct formulae and not affected by this error.
Just as for CO, high opacities can impact the critical density for e.g., HCN which may be very abundant in warm regions. In addition, the critical density can be strongly reduced (by factors 4–6) in regions of high temperature. This requires a multi-level treatment of the critical density.
Sarangi et al. (2019) have recently suggested that nuclear AGN winds may also be sites of dust formation.
There is also evidence that the AGN in the GC was \(\sim 10^5\) more active in the recent past (\(\sim 10^{2 -3}\) years), although still greatly sub-Eddington (\(L/L_{\mathrm{Edd}} \lesssim 10^{-5}\)), based on the detection of strong fluorescent \({\mathrm{Fe}}\,{\mathrm{K}}\alpha \) line emission off of molecular clouds near the GC (Sunyaev et al. 1993; Koyama et al. 1996; Ponti et al. 2010).
As pointed out by Sparre et al. (2019), instabilities have a smaller effect in 3D than in 2D because a 3D flow has the freedom to use the z-direction to avoid disturbing dense clouds. As a result, the level of fragmentation is lower in 3D than in 2D, and the increase in covering fraction for large clouds in 3D is less than that seen in 2D.
References
Aalto S (2015) Astrochemistry and star formation in nearby galaxies: from galaxy disks to hot nuclei. EAS Publ Ser 75–76:73–80. https://doi.org/10.1051/eas/1575013
Aalto S, Spaans M, Wiedner MC, Hüttemeister S (2007) Overluminous HNC line emission in Arp 220, NGC 4418 and Mrk 231. Global IR pumping or XDRs? Astron Astrophys 464(1):193–200. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20066473. arXiv:astro-ph/0612122
Aalto S, Costagliola F, van der Tak F, Meijerink R (2011) \(\text{ H }_{3}\text{ O }^{+}\) line emission from starbursts and AGNs. Astron Astrophys 527:A69. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201015878. arXiv:1101.0682
Aalto S, Garcia-Burillo S, Muller S, Winters JM, van der Werf P, Henkel C, Costagliola F, Neri R (2012) Detection of HCN, \(\text{ HCO }^{+}\), and HNC in the Mrk 231 molecular outflow. Dense molecular gas in the AGN wind. Astron Astrophys 537:A44. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201117919. arXiv:1111.6762
Aalto S, Garcia-Burillo S, Muller S, Winters JM, Gonzalez-Alfonso E, van der Werf P, Henkel C, Costagliola F, Neri R (2015a) High resolution observations of HCN and \(\text{ HCO }^{+}\text{ J }\) = 3–2 in the disk and outflow of Mrk 231. Detection of vibrationally excited HCN in the warped nucleus. Astron Astrophys 574:A85. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201423987. arXiv:1411.2474
Aalto S, Martín S, Costagliola F, González-Alfonso E, Muller S, Sakamoto K, Fuller GA, García-Burillo S, van der Werf P, Neri R, Spaans M, Combes F, Viti S, Mühle S, Armus L, Evans A, Sturm E, Cernicharo J, Henkel C, Greve TR (2015b) Probing highly obscured, self-absorbed galaxy nuclei with vibrationally excited HCN. Astron Astrophys 584:A42. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526410. arXiv:1504.06824
Aalto S, Costagliola F, Muller S, Sakamoto K, Gallagher JS, Dasyra K, Wada K, Combes F, García-Burillo S, Kristensen LE, Martín S, van der Werf P, Evans AS, Kotilainen J (2016) A precessing molecular jet signaling an obscured, growing supermassive black hole in NGC 1377? Astron Astrophys 590:A73. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201527664. arXiv:1510.08827
Aalto S, Muller S, Costagliola F, Sakamoto K, Gallagher JS, Falstad N, König S, Dasyra K, Wada K, Combes F, García-Burillo S, Kristensen LE, Martín S, van der Werf P, Evans AS, Kotilainen J (2017) Luminous, pc-scale CO 6–5 emission in the obscured nucleus of NGC 1377. Astron Astrophys 608:A22. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201730650. arXiv:1702.05458
Aalto S, Muller S, König S, Falstad N, Mangum J, Sakamoto K, Privon GC, Gallagher J, Combes F, García-Burillo S, Martín S, Viti S, van der Werf P, Evans AS, Black JH, Varenius E, Beswick R, Fuller G, Henkel C, Kohno K, Alatalo K, Mühle S (2019) The hidden heart of the luminous infrared galaxy IC 860. I. A molecular inflow feeding opaque, extreme nuclear activity. Astron Astrophys 627:A147. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935480. arXiv:1905.07275
Ackermann M, Albert A, Atwood WB, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Bastieri D, Bellazzini R, Bissaldi E, Blandford RD, Bloom ED, Bottacini E, Brandt TJ, Bregeon J, Bruel P, Buehler R, Buson S, Caliandro GA, Cameron RA, Caragiulo M, Caraveo PA, Cavazzuti E, Cecchi C, Charles E, Chekhtman A, Chiang J, Chiaro G, Ciprini S, Claus R, Cohen-Tanugi J, Conrad J, Cutini S, D’Ammando F, de Angelis A, de Palma F, Dermer CD, Digel SW, Di Venere L, EdCe Silva, Drell PS, Favuzzi C, Ferrara EC, Focke WB, Franckowiak A, Fukazawa Y, Funk S, Fusco P, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Germani S, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Giroletti M, Godfrey G, Gomez-Vargas GA, Grenier IA, Guiriec S, Hadasch D, Harding AK, Hays E, Hewitt JW, Hou X, Jogler T, Jóhannesson G, Johnson AS, Johnson WN, Kamae T, Kataoka J, Knödlseder J, Kocevski D, Kuss M, Larsson S, Latronico L, Longo F, Loparco F, Lovellette MN, Lubrano P, Malyshev D, Manfreda A, Massaro F, Mayer M, Mazziotta MN, McEnery JE, Michelson PF, Mitthumsiri W, Mizuno T, Monzani ME, Morselli A, Moskalenko IV, Murgia S, Nemmen R, Nuss E, Ohsugi T, Omodei N, Orienti M, Orlando E, Ormes JF, Paneque D, Panetta JH, Perkins JS, Pesce-Rollins M, Petrosian V, Piron F, Pivato G, Rainò S, Rando R, Razzano M, Razzaque S, Reimer A, Reimer O, Sánchez-Conde M, Schaal M, Schulz A, Sgrò C, Siskind EJ, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Stawarz Ł, Strong AW, Suson DJ, Tahara M, Takahashi H, Thayer JB, Tibaldo L, Tinivella M, Torres DF, Tosti G, Troja E, Uchiyama Y, Vianello G, Werner M, Winer BL, Wood KS, Wood M, Zaharijas G (2014) The spectrum and morphology of the Fermi bubbles. Astrophys J 793(1):64. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/793/1/64. arXiv:1407.7905
Adelberger KL, Shapley AE, Steidel CC, Pettini M, Erb DK, Reddy NA (2005) The connection between galaxies and intergalactic absorption lines at redshift \(2\lesssim {z}\lesssim {3}\). Astrophys J 629(2):636–653. https://doi.org/10.1086/431753. arXiv:astro-ph/0505122
Aditya JNHS, Kanekar N (2018) A giant metrewave radio telescope survey for associated H I 21 cm absorption in the Caltech–Jodrell flat-spectrum sample. Mon Not R Astron Soc 481(2):1578–1596. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty2184. arXiv:1808.03280
Alatalo K (2015) Escape, accretion, or star formation? The competing depleters of gas in the Quasar Markarian 231. Astrophys J Lett 801(1):L17. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/801/1/L17. arXiv:1502.00624
Alatalo K, Blitz L, Young LM, Davis TA, Bureau M, Lopez LA, Cappellari M, Scott N, Shapiro KL, Crocker AF, Martín S, Bois M, Bournaud F, Davies RL, de Zeeuw PT, Duc PA, Emsellem E, Falcón-Barroso J, Khochfar S, Krajnović D, Kuntschner H, Lablanche PY, McDermid RM, Morganti R, Naab T, Oosterloo T, Sarzi M, Serra P, Weijmans A (2011) Discovery of an active galactic nucleus driven molecular outflow in the local early-type Galaxy NGC 1266. Astrophys J 735(2):88. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/735/2/88. arXiv:1104.2326
Alatalo K, Lacy M, Lanz L, Bitsakis T, Appleton PN, Nyland K, Cales SL, Chang P, Davis TA, de Zeeuw PT, Lonsdale CJ, Martín S, Meier DS, Ogle PM (2015) Suppression of star formation in NGC 1266. Astrophys J 798(1):31. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/798/1/31. arXiv:1410.4556
Alatalo K, Cales SL, Rich JA, Appleton PN, Kewley LJ, Lacy M, Lanz L, Medling AM, Nyland K (2016) Shocked poststarbust galaxy survey. I. Candidate post-starbust galaxies with emission line ratios consistent with shocks. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 224(2):38. https://doi.org/10.3847/0067-0049/224/2/38. arXiv:1601.05085
Alexandroff RM, Zakamska NL, Barth AJ, Hamann F, Strauss MA, Krolik J, Greene JE, Pâris I, Ross NP (2018) Spectropolarimetry of high-redshift obscured and red quasars. Mon Not R Astron Soc 479(4):4936–4957. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1685. arXiv:1806.10138
Anglés-Alcázar D, Faucher-Giguère CA, Quataert E, Hopkins PF, Feldmann R, Torrey P, Wetzel A, Kereš D (2017) Black holes on FIRE: stellar feedback limits early feeding of galactic nuclei. Mon Not R Astron Soc 472(1):L109–L114. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/slx161. arXiv:1707.03832
Aoki K, Oyabu S, Dunn JP, Arav N, Edmonds D, Korista KT, Matsuhara H, Toba Y (2011) Outflow in overlooked luminous quasar: Subaru observations of AKARI J1757+5907. Publ Astron Soc Japan 63:457. https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/63.sp2.S457. arXiv:1101.4340
Appleton PN, Diaz-Santos T, Fadda D, Ogle P, Togi A, Lanz L, Alatalo K, Fischer C, Rich J, Guillard P (2018) Jet-related excitation of the [C II] emission in the active galaxy NGC 4258 with SOFIA. Astrophys J 869(1):61. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaed2a. arXiv:1810.12883
Arav N, Borguet B, Chamberlain C, Edmonds D, Danforth C (2013) Quasar outflows and AGN feedback in the extreme UV: HST/COS observations of HE 0238–1904. Mon Not R Astron Soc 436(4):3286–3305. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stt1812. arXiv:1305.2181
Arav N, Liu G, Xu X, Stidham J, Benn C, Chamberlain C (2018) Evidence that 50% of BALQSO outflows are situated at least 100 pc from the central source. Astrophys J 857(1):60. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aab494. arXiv:1805.01543
Arendt RG, Dwek E, Blair WP, Ghavamian P, Hwang U, Long KS, Petre R, Rho J, Winkler PF (2010) Spitzer observations of dust destruction in the Puppis A supernova remnant. Astrophys J 725(1):585–597. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/725/1/585
Armillotta L, Fraternali F, Marinacci F (2016) Efficiency of gas cooling and accretion at the disc-corona interface. Mon Not R Astron Soc 462(4):4157–4170. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw1930. arXiv:1608.06290
Armillotta L, Fraternali F, Werk JK, Prochaska JX, Marinacci F (2017) The survival of gas clouds in the circumgalactic medium of Milky Way-like galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 470(1):114–125. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx1239. arXiv:1608.05416
Armillotta L, Krumholz MR, Di Teodoro EM, McClure-Griffiths NM (2019) The life cycle of the central molecular zone. I: inflow, star formation, and winds. ArXiv e-prints arXiv:1905.01309
Arrigoni Battaia F, Hennawi JF, Prochaska JX, O norbe J, Farina EP, Cantalupo S, Lusso E (2019) QSO MUSEUM I: a sample of 61 extended \(\text{ Ly }\alpha \)-emission nebulae surrounding \(z \sim 3\) quasars. Mon Not R Astron Soc 482(3):3162–3205. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty2827. arXiv:1808.10857
Asano RS, Takeuchi TT, Hirashita H, Inoue AK (2013) Dust formation history of galaxies: a critical role of metallicity for the dust mass growth by accreting materials in the interstellar medium. Earth Planets Space 65(3):213–222. https://doi.org/10.5047/eps.2012.04.014. arXiv:1206.0817
Asmus D, Gandhi P, Smette A, Hönig SF, Duschl WJ (2011) Mid-infrared properties of nearby low-luminosity AGN at high angular resolution. Astron Astrophys 536:A36. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201116693. arXiv:1109.4873
Asmus D, Hönig SF, Gandhi P (2016) The subarcsecond mid-infrared view of local active galactic nuclei. III. Polar dust emission. Astrophys J 822(2):109. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/822/2/109. arXiv:1603.02710
Assef RJ, Eisenhardt PRM, Stern D, Tsai CW, Wu J, Wylezalek D, Blain AW, Bridge CR, Donoso E, Gonzales A, Griffith RL, Jarrett TH (2015) Half of the most luminous quasars may be obscured: investigating the nature of WISE-selected hot dust-obscured galaxies. Astrophys J 804(1):27. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/804/1/27. arXiv:1408.1092
Baan WA, Haschick AD, Henkel C (1989) Molecular outflows in powerful OH megamasers. Astrophys J 346:680. https://doi.org/10.1086/168050
Bachiller R, Martín-Pintado J, Fuente A (1991) High-velocity SiO emission in the L1448 outflow. Evidence for dense shocked gas in the molecular bullets. Astron Astrophys 243:L21
Bae HJ, Woo JH, Karouzos M, Gallo E, Flohic H, Shen Y, Yoon SJ (2017) The limited impact of outflows: integral-field spectroscopy of 20 local AGNs. Astrophys J 837(1):91. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa5f5c. arXiv:1702.01900
Baes M, Viaene S (2016) The nature of the UV halo around the spiral galaxy NGC 3628. Astron Astrophys 587:A86. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201527812. arXiv:1601.06155
Bahcall JN, Ekers RD (1969) On the possibility of detecting redshifted 21-CM absorption lines in the spectra of quasi-stellar sources. Astrophys J 157:1055. https://doi.org/10.1086/150135
Bally J (2016) Protostellar outflows. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 54:491–528. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-081915-023341
Balmaverde B, Marconi A, Brusa M, Carniani S, Cresci G, Lusso E, Maiolino R, Mannucci F, Nagao T (2016) Is there any evidence that ionized outflows quench star formation in type 1 quasars at \(z < 1\)? Astron Astrophys 585:A148. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526694. arXiv:1506.05984
Bambic CJ, Reynolds CS (2019) Efficient production of sound waves by AGN jets in the intracluster medium. ArXiv e-prints arXiv:1906.03272
Banda-Barragán WE, Parkin ER, Federrath C, Crocker RM, Bicknell GV (2016) Filament formation in wind-cloud interactions—I. Spherical clouds in uniform magnetic fields. Mon Not R Astron Soc 455(2):1309–1333. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv2405. arXiv:1510.05356
Banda-Barragán WE, Federrath C, Crocker RM, Bicknell GV (2018) Filament formation in wind-cloud interactions—II. Clouds with turbulent density, velocity, and magnetic fields. Mon Not R Astron Soc 473(3):3454–3489. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx2541. arXiv:1706.06607
Banda-Barragán WE, Zertuche FJ, Federrath C, García Del Valle J, Brüggen M, Wagner AY (2019) On the dynamics and survival of fractal clouds in galactic winds. Mon Not R Astron Soc 486(4):4526–4544. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1040. arXiv:1901.06924
Banerji M, Alaghband-Zadeh S, Hewett PC, McMahon RG (2015) Heavily reddened type 1 quasars at \(z >2\)—I. Evidence for significant obscured black hole growth at the highest quasar luminosities. Mon Not R Astron Soc 447(4):3368–3389. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu2649. arXiv:1501.00815
Barbosa FKB, Storchi-Bergmann T, McGregor P, Vale TB, Rogemar Riffel A (2014) Modelling the [Fe II] \(\lambda 1.644\mu \text{ m }\) outflow and comparison with \(\text{ H }_{2}\) and \(\text{ H }^{+}\) kinematics in the inner 200 pc of NGC 1068. Mon Not R Astron Soc 445(3):2353–2370. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu1637. arXiv:1408.4750
Barcos-Muñoz L, Aalto S, Thompson TA, Sakamoto K, Martín S, Leroy AK, Privon GC, Evans AS, Kepley A (2018) Fast, collimated outflow in the western nucleus of Arp 220. Astrophys J Lett 853(2):L28. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aaa28d. arXiv:1712.06381
Barger KA, Lehner N, Howk JC (2016) Down-the-barrel and transverse observations of the large magellanic cloud: evidence for a symmetric galactic wind on the near and far sides of the galaxy. Astrophys J 817(2):91. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/817/2/91. arXiv:1512.00461
Barnes AT, Longmore SN, Battersby C, Bally J, Kruijssen JMD, Henshaw JD, Walker DL (2017) Star formation rates and efficiencies in the Galactic Centre. Mon Not R Astron Soc 469(2):2263–2285. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx941. arXiv:1704.03572
Baron D, Netzer H (2019a) Discovering AGN-driven winds through their infrared emission—I. General method and wind location. Mon Not R Astron Soc 482(3):3915–3932. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty2935. arXiv:1810.06562
Baron D, Netzer H (2019b) Discovering AGN-driven winds through their infrared emission—II. Mass outflow rate and energetics. Mon Not R Astron Soc 486(3):4290–4303. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1070. arXiv:1903.11076
Barvainis R (1987) Hot dust and the near-infrared bump in the continuum spectra of quasars and active galactic nuclei. Astrophys J 320:537. https://doi.org/10.1086/165571
Bauer M, Pietsch W, Trinchieri G, Breitschwerdt D, Ehle M, Read A (2007) High-resolution X-ray spectroscopy and imaging of the nuclear outflow of the starburst galaxy NGC 253. Astron Astrophys 467(3):979–989. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20066340. arXiv:astro-ph/0610302
Bautista MA, Dunn JP, Arav N, Korista KT, Moe M, Benn C (2010) Distance to multiple kinematic components of quasar outflows: very large telescope observations of QSO 2359–1241 and SDSS J0318–0600. Astrophys J 713(1):25–31. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/713/1/25. arXiv:1003.0970
Behroozi PS, Wechsler RH, Conroy C (2013) the average star formation histories of galaxies in dark matter halos from z = 0–8. Astrophys J 770(1):57. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/770/1/57. arXiv:1207.6105
Beirão P, Armus L, Lehnert MD, Guillard P, Heckman T, Draine B, Hollenbach D, Walter F, Sheth K, Smith JD, Shopbell P, Boulanger F, Surace J, Hoopes C, Engelbracht C (2015) Spatially resolved Spitzer-IRS spectral maps of the superwind in M82. Mon Not R Astron Soc 451(3):2640–2655. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1101. arXiv:1505.04069
Belokurov V, Erkal D, Evans NW, Koposov SE, Deason AJ (2018) Co-formation of the disc and the stellar halo. Mon Not R Astron Soc 478(1):611–619. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty982. arXiv:1802.03414
Belokurov V, Sanders JL, Fattahi A, Smith MC, Deason AJ, Evans NW, Grand RJJ (2019) The biggest splash. ArXiv e-prints arXiv:1909.04679
Bendo GJ, Beswick RJ, D’Cruze MJ, Dickinson C, Fuller GA, Muxlow TWB (2015) ALMA observations of 99 GHz free-free and \(\text{ H }40\alpha \) line emission from star formation in the centre of NGC 253. Mon Not R Astron Soc 450(1):L80–L84. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/slv053. arXiv:1504.02142
Bertoldi F, McKee CF (1990) The photoevaporation of interstellar clouds. II. Equilibrium cometary clouds. Astrophys J 354:529. https://doi.org/10.1086/168713
Bianchi S (2013) Vindicating single-T modified blackbody fits to Herschel SEDs. Astron Astrophys 552:A89. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201220866. arXiv:1302.5699
Bieri R, Dubois Y, Silk J, Mamon GA (2015) Playing with positive feedback: external pressure-triggering of a star-forming disk galaxy. Astrophys J Lett 812(2):L36. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/812/2/L36. arXiv:1503.05823
Bieri R, Dubois Y, Silk J, Mamon GA, Gaibler V (2016) External pressure-triggering of star formation in a disc galaxy: a template for positive feedback. Mon Not R Astron Soc 455(4):4166–4182. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv2551. arXiv:1507.00730
Biernacki P, Teyssier R (2018) The combined effect of AGN and supernovae feedback in launching massive molecular outflows in high-redshift galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 475(4):5688–5703. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty216. arXiv:1712.02794
Bigiel F, Leroy A, Walter F, Brinks E, de Blok WJG, Madore B, Thornley MD (2008) The star formation law in nearby galaxies on sub-Kpc scales. Astron J 136(6):2846–2871. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/136/6/2846. arXiv:0810.2541
Binney J, Tremaine S (2008) Galactic dynamics, 2nd edn. Princeton University Press
Biscaro C, Cherchneff I (2014) Molecules and dust in Cassiopeia A. I. Synthesis in the supernova phase and processing by the reverse shock in the clumpy remnant. Astron Astrophys 564:A25. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201322932. arXiv:1401.5594
Biscaro C, Cherchneff I (2016) Molecules and dust in Cassiopeia A. II. Dust sputtering and diagnosis of supernova dust survival in remnants. Astron Astrophys 589:A132. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201527769. arXiv:1511.05487
Bischetti M, Maiolino R, Fiore SCF, Piconcelli E, Fluetsch A (2019a) Widespread QSO-driven outflows in the early Universe. Astron Astrophys 630:A59. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833557. arXiv:1806.00786
Bischetti M, Piconcelli E, Feruglio C, Fiore F, Carniani S, Brusa M, Cicone C, Vignali C, Bongiorno A, Cresci G, Mainieri V, Maiolino R, Marconi A, Nardini E, Zappacosta L (2019b) The gentle monster PDS 456. Kiloparsec-scale molecular outflow and its implications for QSO feedback. Astron Astrophys 628:A118. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935524. arXiv:1903.10528
Bish HV, Werk JK, Prochaska JX, Rubin KHR, Zheng Y, O’Meara JM, Deason AJ (2019) Galactic gas flows from halo to disk: tomography and kinematics at the Milky Way’s disk-halo interface. Astrophys J 882(2):76. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab3414. arXiv:1907.09459
Bland-Hawthorn J, Cohen M (2003) The large-scale bipolar wind in the galactic center. Astrophys J 582(1):246–256. https://doi.org/10.1086/344573. arXiv:astro-ph/0208553
Bland-Hawthorn J, Gerhard O (2016) The galaxy in context: structural, kinematic, and integrated properties. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 54:529–596. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-081915-023441. arXiv:1602.07702
Bland-Hawthorn J, Maloney PR, Sutherland RS, Madsen GJ (2013) Fossil imprint of a powerful flare at the galactic center along the magellanic stream. Astrophys J 778(1):58. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/778/1/58. arXiv:1309.5455
Bland-Hawthorn J, Maloney P, Sutherland R, Groves B, Guglielmo M, Hao Li W, Curzons A, Cecil G, Fox A (2019) The large-scale ionization cones in the Galaxy. ArXiv e-prints arXiv:1910.02225
Blandford RD, Payne DG (1982) Hydromagnetic flows from accretion disks and the production of radio jets. Mon Not R Astron Soc 199:883–903. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/199.4.883
Blandford RD, Znajek RL (1977) Electromagnetic extraction of energy from Kerr black holes. Mon Not R Astron Soc 179:433–456. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/179.3.433
de Blok WJG, Walter F, Ferguson AMN, Bernard EJ, van der Hulst JM, Neeleman M, Leroy AK, Ott J, Zschaechner LK, Zwaan MA, Yun MS, Langston G, Keating KM (2018) A high-resolution mosaic of the neutral hydrogen in the M81 triplet. Astrophys J 865(1):26. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aad557. arXiv:1808.02840
Bluck AFL, Mendel JT, Ellison SL, Patton DR, Simard L, Henriques BMB, Torrey P, Teimoorinia H, Moreno J, Starkenburg E (2016) The impact of galactic properties and environment on the quenching of central and satellite galaxies: a comparison between SDSS, Illustris and L-Galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 462(3):2559–2586. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw1665. arXiv:1607.03318
Bluck AFL, Maiolino R, Sanchez S, Ellison SL, Thorp MD, Piotrowska JM, Teimoorinia H, Bundy KA (2019) Are galactic star formation and quenching governed by local, global or environmental phenomena? ArXiv e-prints arXiv:1911.08857
Bocchio M, Bianchi S, Hunt LK, Schneider R (2016) Halo dust detection around NGC 891. Astron Astrophys 586:A8. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526950. arXiv:1509.07677
Boksenberg A, Carswell RF, Allen DA, Fosbury RAE, Penston MV, Sargent WLW (1977) The remarkable Seyfert galaxy Markarian 231. Mon Not R Astron Soc 178:451–466. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/178.3.451
Bolatto AD, Warren SR, Leroy AK, Walter F, Veilleux S, Ostriker EC, Ott J, Zwaan M, Fisher DB, Weiss A, Rosolowsky E, Hodge J (2013a) Suppression of star formation in the galaxy NGC 253 by a starburst-driven molecular wind. Nature 499(7459):450–453. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12351. arXiv:1307.6259
Bolatto AD, Wolfire M, Leroy AK (2013b) The CO-to-\(\text{ H }_{2}\) conversion factor. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 51(1):207–268. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-082812-140944. arXiv:1301.3498
Bolatto AD, Armus L, Leroy AK, Veilleux S, Walter F, Mushotzky R (2018) How do cold gas outflows shape galaxies? In: Murphy E (ed) Science with a Next Generation Very Large Array, ASP Conference Series, Monograph 7. Astronomical Society of the Pacific, San Francisco, p 441
Bonato M, De Zotti G, Leisawitz D, Negrello M, Massardi M, Baronchelli I, Cai ZY, Bradford CM, Pope A, Murphy EJ, Armus L, Cooray A (2019) Origins Space Telescope: predictions for far-IR spectroscopic surveys. Publ Astron Soc Australia 36:e017. https://doi.org/10.1017/pasa.2019.8. arXiv:1903.00946
Bordoloi R, Lilly SJ, Knobel C, Bolzonella M, Kampczyk P, Carollo CM, Iovino A, Zucca E, Contini T, Kneib JP, Le Fevre O, Mainieri V, Renzini A, Scodeggio M, Zamorani G, Balestra I, Bardelli S, Bongiorno A, Caputi K, Cucciati O, de la Torre S, de Ravel L, Garilli B, Kovač K, Lamareille F, Le Borgne JF, Le Brun V, Maier C, Mignoli M, Pello R, Peng Y, Perez Montero E, Presotto V, Scarlata C, Silverman J, Tanaka M, Tasca L, Tresse L, Vergani D, Barnes L, Cappi A, Cimatti A, Coppa G, Diener C, Franzetti P, Koekemoer A, López-Sanjuan C, McCracken HJ, Moresco M, Nair P, Oesch P, Pozzetti L, Welikala N (2011) The radial and azimuthal profiles of Mg II absorption around \(0.5 < z < 0.9\) zCOSMOS galaxies of different colors, masses, and environments. Astrophys J 743(1):10. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/743/1/10. arXiv:1106.0616
Bordoloi R, Lilly SJ, Hardmeier E, Contini T, Kneib JP, Le Fevre O, Mainieri V, Renzini A, Scodeggio M, Zamorani G, Bardelli S, Bolzonella M, Bongiorno A, Caputi K, Carollo CM, Cucciati O, de la Torre S, de Ravel L, Garilli B, Iovino A, Kampczyk P, Kovač K, Knobel C, Lamareille F, Le Borgne JF, Le Brun V, Maier C, Mignoli M, Oesch P, Pello R, Peng Y, Perez Montero E, Presotto V, Silverman J, Tanaka M, Tasca L, Tresse L, Vergani D, Zucca E, Cappi A, Cimatti A, Coppa G, Franzetti P, Koekemoer A, Moresco M, Nair P, Pozzetti L (2014a) The dependence of galactic outflows on the properties and orientation of zCOSMOS galaxies at \(z \sim 1\). Astrophys J 794(2):130. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/794/2/130. arXiv:1307.6553
Bordoloi R, Tumlinson J, Werk JK, Oppenheimer BD, Peeples MS, Prochaska JX, Tripp TM, Katz N, Davé R, Fox AJ, Thom C, Ford AB, Weinberg DH, Burchett JN, Kollmeier JA (2014b) The COS-dwarfs survey: the carbon reservoir around sub-L* galaxies. Astrophys J 796(2):136. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/796/2/136. arXiv:1406.0509
Bordoloi R, Rigby JR, Tumlinson J, Bayliss MB, Sharon K, Gladders MG, Wuyts E (2016) Spatially resolved galactic wind in lensed galaxy RCSGA 032727–132609. Mon Not R Astron Soc 458(2):1891–1908. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw449. arXiv:1602.07700
Bordoloi R, Fox AJ, Lockman FJ, Wakker BP, Jenkins EB, Savage BD, Hernandez S, Tumlinson J, Bland-Hawthorn J, Kim TS (2017a) Mapping the nuclear outflow of the milky way: studying the kinematics and spatial extent of the northern Fermi bubble. Astrophys J 834(2):191. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/834/2/191. arXiv:1612.01578
Bordoloi R, Wagner AY, Heckman TM, Norman CA (2017b) The formation and physical origin of highly ionized cooling gas. Astrophys J 848(2):122. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa8e9c. arXiv:1605.07187
Boreiko RT, Betz AL (1996) The 12C/13C isotopic ratio in photodissociated gas in M42. Astrophys J Lett 467:L113. https://doi.org/10.1086/310204. arXiv:astro-ph/9606143
Borisova E, Cantalupo S, Lilly SJ, Marino RA, Gallego SG, Bacon R, Blaizot J, Bouché N, Brinchmann J, Carollo CM, Caruana J, Finley H, Herenz EC, Richard J, Schaye J, Straka LA, Turner ML, Urrutia T, Verhamme A, Wisotzki L (2016) Ubiquitous giant \(\text{ Ly }\alpha \) nebulae around the brightest quasars at \(z \sim 3.5\) revealed with MUSE. Astrophys J 831(1):39. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/831/1/39. arXiv:1605.01422
Bouché N, Hohensee W, Vargas R, Kacprzak GG, Martin CL, Cooke J, Churchill CW (2012) Physical properties of galactic winds using background quasars. Mon Not R Astron Soc 426(2):801–815. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21114.x. arXiv:1110.5877
Bourne MA, Sijacki D (2017) AGN jet feedback on a moving mesh: cocoon inflation, gas flows and turbulence. Mon Not R Astron Soc 472(4):4707–4735. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx2269. arXiv:1705.07900
Bouwman J, Meeus G, de Koter A, Hony S, Dominik C, Waters LBFM (2001) Processing of silicate dust grains in Herbig Ae/Be systems. Astron Astrophys 375:950–962. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20010878
Bowen DV, Jenkins EB, Tripp TM, Sembach KR, Savage BD, Moos HW, Oegerle WR, Friedman SD, Gry C, Kruk JW, Murphy E, Sankrit R, Shull JM, Sonneborn G, York DG (2008) The far ultraviolet spectroscopic explorer survey of O VI absorption in the disk of the Milky Way. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 176(1):59–163. https://doi.org/10.1086/524773. arXiv:0711.0005
Bower RG, Schaye J, Frenk CS, Theuns T, Schaller M, Crain RA, McAlpine S (2017) The dark nemesis of galaxy formation: why hot haloes trigger black hole growth and bring star formation to an end. Mon Not R Astron Soc 465(1):32–44. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw2735. arXiv:1607.07445
Bregman JN (1980) The galactic fountain of high-velocity clouds. Astrophys J 236:577–591. https://doi.org/10.1086/157776
Bregman JN, Miller ED, Seitzer P, Cowley CR, Miller MJ (2013) Outflow versus infall in spiral galaxies: metal absorption in the halo of NGC 891. Astrophys J 766(1):57. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/766/1/57. arXiv:1304.0795
Brennan R, Choi E, Somerville RS, Hirschmann M, Naab T, Ostriker JP (2018) Momentum-driven winds from radiatively efficient black hole accretion and their impact on galaxies. Astrophys J 860(1):14. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aac2c4. arXiv:1805.00946
Brüggen M, Scannapieco E (2016) The launching of cold clouds by galaxy outflows. II. The role of thermal conduction. Astrophys J 822(1):31. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/822/1/31. arXiv:1602.01843
Brusa M, Cresci G, Daddi E, Paladino R, Perna M, Bongiorno A, Lusso E, Sargent MT, Casasola V, Feruglio C, Fraternali F, Georgiev I, Mainieri V, Carniani S, Comastri A, Duras F, Fiore F, Mannucci F, Marconi A, Piconcelli E, Zamorani G, Gilli R, La Franca F, Lanzuisi G, Lutz D, Santini P, Scoville NZ, Vignali C, Vito F, Rabien S, Busoni L, Bonaglia M (2018) Molecular outflow and feedback in the obscured quasar XID2028 revealed by ALMA. Astron Astrophys 612:A29. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731641. arXiv:1712.04505
Burtscher L, Meisenheimer K, Tristram KRW, Jaffe W, Hönig SF, Davies RI, Kishimoto M, Pott JU, Röttgering H, Schartmann M, Weigelt G, Wolf S (2013) A diversity of dusty AGN tori. Data release for the VLTI/MIDI AGN Large Program and first results for 23 galaxies. Astron Astrophys 558:A149. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201321890. arXiv:1307.2068
Bustard C, Zweibel EG, D’Onghia E, Gallagher I J S, Farber R (2019) Cosmic ray driven outflows from the large magellanic cloud: contributions to the LMC filament. ArXiv e-prints arXiv:1911.02021
Bykov AM, Ellison DC, Marcowith A, Osipov SM (2018) Cosmic ray production in supernovae. Space Sci Rev 214(1):41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-018-0479-4. arXiv:1801.08890
Cai Z, Cantalupo S, Prochaska JX, Arrigoni Battaia F, Burchett J, Li Q, Chisholm J, Bundy K, Hennawi JF (2019) Evolution of the cool gas in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of massive halos—a keck cosmic web imager (KCWI) survey of \(\text{ Ly }\alpha \) emission around QSOs at \(z\approx 2\). ArXiv e-prints arXiv:1909.11098
Cano-Díaz M, Maiolino R, Marconi A, Netzer H, Shemmer O, Cresci G (2012) Observational evidence of quasar feedback quenching star formation at high redshift. Astron Astrophys 537:L8. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201118358. arXiv:1112.3071
Cantalupo S, Porciani C, Lilly SJ (2008) Mapping neutral hydrogen during reionization with the \(\text{ Ly }\alpha \) emission from quasar ionization fronts. Astrophys J 672(1):48–58. https://doi.org/10.1086/523298. arXiv:0709.0654
Cardelli JA, Clayton GC, Mathis JS (1989) The relationship between infrared, optical, and ultraviolet extinction. Astrophys J 345:245. https://doi.org/10.1086/167900
Carniani S, Marconi A, Maiolino R, Balmaverde B, Brusa M, Cano-Díaz M, Cicone C, Comastri A, Cresci G, Fiore F, Feruglio C, La Franca F, Mainieri V, Mannucci F, Nagao T, Netzer H, Piconcelli E, Risaliti G, Schneider R, Shemmer O (2015) Ionised outflows in \(z \sim 2.4\) quasar host galaxies. Astron Astrophys 580:A102. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526557. arXiv:1506.03096
Carniani S, Marconi A, Maiolino R, Balmaverde B, Brusa M, Cano-Díaz M, Cicone C, Comastri A, Cresci G, Fiore F, Feruglio C, La Franca F, Mainieri V, Mannucci F, Nagao T, Netzer H, Piconcelli E, Risaliti G, Schneider R, Shemmer O (2016) Fast outflows and star formation quenching in quasar host galaxies. Astron Astrophys 591:A28. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201528037. arXiv:1604.04290
Carniani S, Marconi A, Maiolino R, Feruglio C, Brusa M, Cresci G, Cano-Díaz M, Cicone C, Balmaverde B, Fiore F, Ferrara A, Gallerani S, La Franca F, Mainieri V, Mannucci F, Netzer H, Piconcelli E, Sani E, Schneider R, Shemmer O, Testi L (2017) AGN feedback on molecular gas reservoirs in quasars at \(z \sim 2.4\). Astron Astrophys 605:A105. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201730672. arXiv:1706.08987
Carroll TJ, Goldsmith PF (1981) Infrared pumping and rotational excitation of molecules in interstellar clouds. Astrophys J 245:891–897. https://doi.org/10.1086/158865
Cazzoli S, Arribas S, Maiolino R, Colina L (2016) Neutral gas outflows in nearby [U]LIRGs via optical NaD feature. Astron Astrophys 590:A125. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526788. arXiv:1602.08505
Cecil G, Bland J, Tully RB (1990) Imaging spectrophotometry of ionized gas in NGC 1068. I. Kinematics of the narrow-line region. Astrophys J 355:70. https://doi.org/10.1086/168742
Cecil G, Dopita MA, Groves B, Wilson AS, Ferruit P, Pécontal E, Binette L (2002) Spatial resolution of high-velocity filaments in the narrow-line region of NGC 1068: associated absorbers caught in emission? Astrophys J 568(2):627–638. https://doi.org/10.1086/338950. arXiv:astro-ph/0112256
Cernicharo J, Goicoechea JR, Daniel F, Lerate MR, Barlow MJ, Swinyard BM, van Dishoeck EF, Lim TL, Viti S, Yates J (2006) The water vapor abundance in Orion KL outflows. Astrophys J Lett 649(1):L33–L36. https://doi.org/10.1086/508259. arXiv:astro-ph/0608336
Chan TK, Kereš D, Hopkins PF, Quataert E, Su KY, Hayward CC, Faucher-Giguère CA (2019) Cosmic ray feedback in the FIRE simulations: constraining cosmic ray propagation with GeV \(\gamma \)-ray emission. Mon Not R Astron Soc 488(3):3716–3744. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1895. arXiv:1812.10496
Chastenet J, Sandstrom K, Chiang ID, Leroy AK, Utomo D, Bot C, Gordon KD, Draine BT, Fukui Y, Onishi T, Tsuge K (2019) The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon mass fraction on a 10 pc scale in the magellanic clouds. Astrophys J 876(1):62. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab16cf. arXiv:1904.02705
Chen YM, Tremonti CA, Heckman TM, Kauffmann G, Weiner BJ, Brinchmann J, Wang J (2010) Absorption-line probes of the prevalence and properties of outflows in present-day star-forming galaxies. Astron J 140(2):445–461. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/140/2/445. arXiv:1003.5425
Chevalier RA, Clegg AW (1985) Wind from a starburst galaxy nucleus. Nature 317(6032):44–45. https://doi.org/10.1038/317044a0
Chisholm J, Tremonti CA, Leitherer C, Chen Y, Wofford A, Lundgren B (2015) Scaling relations between warm galactic outflows and their host galaxies. Astrophys J 811(2):149. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/811/2/149. arXiv:1412.2139
Chisholm J, Tremonti CA, Leitherer C, Chen Y, Wofford A (2016a) Shining a light on galactic outflows: photoionized outflows. Mon Not R Astron Soc 457(3):3133–3161. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw178. arXiv:1601.05090
Chisholm J, Tremonti Christy A, Leitherer C, Chen Y (2016b) A robust measurement of the mass outflow rate of the galactic outflow from NGC 6090. Mon Not R Astron Soc 463(1):541–556. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw1951. arXiv:1605.05769
Chisholm J, Tremonti CA, Leitherer C, Chen Y (2017) The mass and momentum outflow rates of photoionized galactic outflows. Mon Not R Astron Soc 469(4):4831–4849. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx1164. arXiv:1702.07351
Chisholm J, Tremonti C, Leitherer C (2018) Metal-enriched galactic outflows shape the mass-metallicity relationship. Mon Not R Astron Soc 481(2):1690–1706. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty2380. arXiv:1808.10453
Choi E, Somerville RS, Ostriker JP, Naab T, Hirschmann M (2018) The role of black hole feedback on size and structural evolution in massive galaxies. Astrophys J 866(2):91. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aae076. arXiv:1809.02143
Chu YH, Mac Low MM, Garcia-Segura G, Wakker B, Kennicutt J, Robert C (1993) Hidden supernova remnants in the large magellanic cloud H II Complex N44. Astrophys J 414:213. https://doi.org/10.1086/173069
Cicone C, Feruglio C, Maiolino R, Fiore F, Piconcelli E, Menci N, Aussel H, Sturm E (2012) The physics and the structure of the quasar-driven outflow in Mrk 231. Astron Astrophys 543:A99. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201218793. arXiv:1204.5881
Cicone C, Maiolino R, Sturm E, Graciá-Carpio J, Feruglio C, Neri R, Aalto S, Davies R, Fiore F, Fischer J, García-Burillo S, González-Alfonso E, Hailey-Dunsheath S, Piconcelli E, Veilleux S (2014) Massive molecular outflows and evidence for AGN feedback from CO observations. Astron Astrophys 562:A21. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201322464. arXiv:1311.2595
Cicone C, Maiolino R, Gallerani S, Neri R, Ferrara A, Sturm E, Fiore F, Piconcelli E, Feruglio C (2015) Very extended cold gas, star formation and outflows in the halo of a bright quasar at \( z >6\). Astron Astrophys 574:A14. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201424980. arXiv:1409.4418
Cicone C, Brusa M, Ramos Almeida C, Cresci G, Husemann B, Mainieri V (2018a) The largely unconstrained multiphase nature of outflows in AGN host galaxies. Nature Astron 2:176–178. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-018-0406-3. arXiv:1802.10308
Cicone C, Severgnini P, Papadopoulos PP, Maiolino R, Feruglio C, Treister E, Privon GC, Zy Zhang, Della Ceca R, Fiore F, Schawinski K, Wagg J (2018b) ALMA \(\text{[C } \text{ I] }^{3}\) P \(_{1}\)-\(^{3}\) P \(_{0}\) Observations of NGC 6240: a puzzling molecular outflow, and the role of outflows in the global \(\alpha _{CO}\) factor of (U)LIRGs. Astrophys J 863(2):143. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aad32a. arXiv:1807.06015
Cicone C, Maiolino R, Aalto S, Muller S, Feruglio C (2019) Enhanced UV radiation and dense clumps in Mrk231’s molecular outflow. ArXiv e-prints arXiv:1911.11243
Cimatti A, di Serego Alighieri S, Vernet J, Cohen MH, Fosbury RAE (1998) The UV radiation from Z approximately 2.5 radio galaxies: Keck spectropolarimetry of 4C 23.56 and 4C 00.54. Astrophys J Lett 499(1):L21–L25. https://doi.org/10.1086/311354. arXiv:astro-ph/9803311
Clark PC, Glover SCO, Klessen RS, Bonnell IA (2012) How long does it take to form a molecular cloud? Mon Not R Astron Soc 424(4):2599–2613. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21259.x. arXiv:1204.5570
Coatman L, Hewett PC, Banerji M, Richards GT, Hennawi JF, Prochaska JX (2019) Kinematics of C IV and [O III] emission in luminous high-redshift quasars. Mon Not R Astron Soc 486(4):5335–5348. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1167. arXiv:1904.13348
Coil AL, Weiner BJ, Holz DE, Cooper MC, Yan R, Aird J (2011) Outflowing galactic winds in post-starburst and active galactic nucleus host galaxies at \(0.2 < z < 0.8\). Astrophys J 743(1):46. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/743/1/46. arXiv:1104.0681
Combes F, García-Burillo S, Casasola V, Hunt L, Krips M, Baker AJ, Boone F, Eckart A, Marquez I, Neri R, Schinnerer E, Tacconi LJ (2014) ALMA observations of feeding and feedback in nearby Seyfert galaxies: an AGN-driven outflow in NGC 1433 (Corrigendum). Astron Astrophys 564:C1. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201322288e
Concas A, Popesso P, Brusa M, Mainieri V, Thomas D (2019) Two-face(s): ionized and neutral gas winds in the local Universe. Astron Astrophys 622:A188. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201732152
Conroy C, van Dokkum PG, Kravtsov A (2015) Preventing star formation in early-type galaxies with late-time stellar heating. Astrophys J 803(2):77. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/803/2/77. arXiv:1406.3026
Contursi A, Poglitsch A, Graciá Carpio J, Veilleux S, Sturm E, Fischer J, Verma A, Hailey-Dunsheath S, Lutz D, Davies R, González-Alfonso E, Sternberg A, Genzel R, Tacconi L (2013) Spectroscopic FIR mapping of the disk and galactic wind of M 82 with Herschel-PACS. Astron Astrophys 549:A118. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201219214. arXiv:1210.3496
Cooper JL, Bicknell GV, Sutherland RS, Bland-Hawthorn J (2009) Starburst-driven galactic winds: filament formation and emission processes. Astrophys J 703(1):330–347. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/703/1/330. arXiv:0907.4004
Costa T, Sijacki D, Haehnelt MG (2014) Feedback from active galactic nuclei: energy- versus momentum-driving. Mon Not R Astron Soc 444(3):2355–2376. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu1632. arXiv:1406.2691
Costa T, Sijacki D, Haehnelt MG (2015) Fast cold gas in hot AGN outflows. Mon Not R Astron Soc 448:L30–L34. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/slu193. arXiv:1411.0678
Costa T, Rosdahl J, Sijacki D, Haehnelt MG (2018a) Driving gas shells with radiation pressure on dust in radiation-hydrodynamic simulations. Mon Not R Astron Soc 473(3):4197–4219. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx2598. arXiv:1703.05766
Costa T, Rosdahl J, Sijacki D, Haehnelt MG (2018b) Quenching star formation with quasar outflows launched by trapped IR radiation. Mon Not R Astron Soc 479(2):2079–2111. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1514. arXiv:1709.08638
Costagliola F, Aalto S (2010) Vibrationally excited \(\text{ HC }_{3}\text{ N }\) in NGC 4418. Astron Astrophys 515:A71. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/200913370. arXiv:1003.3141
Costagliola F, Aalto S, Sakamoto K, Martín S, Beswick R, Muller S, Klöckner HR (2013) High-resolution mm and cm study of the obscured LIRG NGC 4418. A compact obscured nucleus fed by in-falling gas? Astron Astrophys 556:A66. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201220634. arXiv:1306.2211
Costagliola F, Herrero-Illana R, Lohfink A, Pérez-Torres M, Aalto S, Muller S, Alberdi A (2016) Radio continuum and X-ray emission from the most extreme far-IR-excess galaxy NGC 1377. An extremely obscured AGN revealed. Astron Astrophys 594:A114. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201628997. arXiv:1607.04068
Crawford MK, Genzel R, Townes CH, Watson DM (1985) Far-infrared spectroscopy of galaxies: the 158 micron C+ line and the energy balance of molecular clouds. Astrophys J 291:755–771. https://doi.org/10.1086/163113
Crenshaw DM, Kraemer SB (2000) Resolved spectroscopy of the narrow-line region in NGC 1068: kinematics of the ionized gas. Astrophys J Lett 532(2):L101–L104. https://doi.org/10.1086/312581. arXiv:astro-ph/0002438
Cresci G, Mainieri V, Brusa M, Marconi A, Perna M, Mannucci F, Piconcelli E, Maiolino R, Feruglio C, Fiore F, Bongiorno A, Lanzuisi G, Merloni A, Schramm M, Silverman JD, Civano F (2015) Blowin’ in the wind: both “negative” and “positive” feedback in an obscured high-z quasar. Astrophys J 799(1):82. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/799/1/82. arXiv:1411.4208
Crinklaw G, Federman SR, Joseph CL (1994) The depletion of calcium in the interstellar medium. Astrophys J 424:748. https://doi.org/10.1086/173927
Crocker RM, Aharonian F (2011) Fermi bubbles: giant, multibillion-year-old reservoirs of galactic center cosmic rays. Phys Rev Lett 106(10):101102. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.101102. arXiv:1008.2658
Crocker A, Alison F, Pellegrini E, Smith J-DT, Draine BT, Wilson CD, Wolfire M, Armus L, Brinks E, Dale DA, Groves B, Herrera-Camus R, Hunt LK, Kennicutt RC, Murphy EJ, Sandstrom K, Schinnerer E, Rigopoulou D, Rosolowsky E, Rosolowsky E (2019) [C I](1–0) and [C I](2–1) in Resolved Local Galaxies. Astrophys J. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab4196
Crocker RM, Bicknell GV, Taylor AM, Carretti E (2015) A unified model of the Fermi bubbles, microwave haze, and polarized radio lobes: reverse shocks in the galactic center’s giant outflows. Astrophys J 808(2):107. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/808/2/107. arXiv:1412.7510
Crocker RM, Krumholz MR, Thompson TA, Clutterbuck J (2018) The maximum flux of star-forming galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 478(1):81–94. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty989. arXiv:1802.03117
Crockett RM, Shabala SS, Kaviraj S, Antonuccio-Delogu V, Silk J, Mutchler M, O’Connell RW, Rejkuba M, Whitmore BC, Windhorst RA (2012) Triggered star formation in the inner filament of Centaurus A. Mon Not R Astron Soc 421(2):1603–1623. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20418.x. arXiv:1201.3369
Croft S, van Breugel W, de Vries W, Dopita M, Martin C, Morganti R, Neff S, Oosterloo T, Schiminovich D, Stanford SA, van Gorkom J (2006) Minkowski’s object: a starburst triggered by a radio jet, revisited. Astrophys J 647(2):1040–1055. https://doi.org/10.1086/505526. arXiv:astro-ph/0604557
Curran SJ, Allison JR, Whiting MT, Sadler EM, Combes F, Pracy MB, Bignell C, Athreya R (2016) A search for H I and OH absorption in \(\text{ z } \gtrsim 3 \text{ CO }\) emitters. Mon Not R Astron Soc 457(4):3666–3677. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw089. arXiv:1601.01971
Curran SJ, Hunstead RW, Johnston HM, Whiting MT, Sadler EM, Allison JR, Athreya R (2019) Ionization of the atomic gas in redshifted radio sources. Mon Not R Astron Soc 484(1):1182–1191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz038. arXiv:1901.00887
Das V, Crenshaw DM, Kraemer SB, Deo RP (2006) Kinematics of the narrow-line region in the Seyfert 2 Galaxy NGC 1068: dynamical effects of the radio jet. Astron J 132(2):620–632. https://doi.org/10.1086/504899. arXiv:astro-ph/0603803
Dasyra KM, Combes F (2012) Cold and warm molecular gas in the outflow of 4C 12.50. Astron Astrophys 541:L7. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201219229. arXiv:1203.3452
Dasyra KM, Bostrom AC, Combes F, Vlahakis N (2015) A radio jet drives a molecular and atomic gas outflow in multiple regions within one square kiloparsec of the nucleus of the nearby Galaxy IC5063. Astrophys J 815(1):34. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/815/1/34. arXiv:1503.05484
Dasyra KM, Combes F, Oosterloo T, Oonk JBR, Morganti R, Salomé P, Vlahakis N (2016) ALMA reveals optically thin, highly excited CO gas in the jet-driven winds of the galaxy IC 5063. Astron Astrophys 595:L7. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201629689. arXiv:1609.03421
Davé R, Finlator K, Oppenheimer BD (2011) Galaxy evolution in cosmological simulations with outflows—II. Metallicities and gas fractions. Mon Not R Astron Soc 416(2):1354–1376. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19132.x. arXiv:1104.3156
Davé R, Anglés-Alcázar D, Narayanan D, Li Q, Rafieferantsoa MH, Appleby S (2019) SIMBA: cosmological simulations with black hole growth and feedback. Mon Not R Astron Soc 486(2):2827–2849. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz937. arXiv:1901.10203
Davies JJ, Crain RA, Oppenheimer BD, Schaye J (2019) The quenching and morphological evolution of central galaxies is facilitated by the feedback-driven expulsion of circumgalactic gas. ArXiv e-prints arXiv:1908.11380
Davies R (2008) Adaptive optics: observations and prospects for studies of active Galactic Nuclei. New Astron Rev 52(6):307–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.newar.2008.06.002. arXiv:0806.0468
Davies RL, Kewley LJ, Ho IT, Dopita MA (2014) Starburst-AGN mixing—II. Optically selected active galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 444(4):3961–3974. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu1740. arXiv:1408.5888
Davies RL, Groves B, Kewley LJ, Dopita MA, Hampton EJ, Shastri P, Scharwächter J, Sutherland R, Kharb P, Bhatt H, Jin C, Banfield J, Zaw I, James B, Juneau S, Srivastava S (2016) Dissecting galaxies: spatial and spectral separation of emission excited by star formation and AGN activity. Mon Not R Astron Soc 462(2):1616–1629. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw1754. arXiv:1607.05731
Davis TA, Krajnović D, McDermid RM, Bureau M, Sarzi M, Nyland K, Alatalo K, Bayet E, Blitz L, Bois M, Bournaud F, Cappellari M, Crocker A, Davies RL, de Zeeuw PT, Duc PA, Emsellem E, Khochfar S, Kuntschner H, Lablanche PY, Morganti R, Naab T, Oosterloo T, Scott N, Serra P, Weijmans AM, Young LM (2012) Gemini GMOS and WHT SAURON integral-field spectrograph observations of the AGN-driven outflow in NGC 1266. Mon Not R Astron Soc 426(2):1574–1590. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21770.x. arXiv:1207.5799
De Cia A (2018) Metals and dust in the neutral ISM: the galaxy, magellanic clouds, and damped Lyman-\(\alpha \) absorbers. Astron Astrophys 613:L2. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833034. arXiv:1805.05365
De Cia A, Ledoux C, Mattsson L, Petitjean P, Srianand R, Gavignaud I, Jenkins EB (2016) Dust-depletion sequences in damped Lyman-\(\alpha \) absorbers. A unified picture from low-metallicity systems to the Galaxy. Astron Astrophys 596:A97. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201527895. arXiv:1608.08621
De Young DS (1981) Emission line regions and stellar associations in extended extragalactic radio sources. Nature 293(5827):43–44. https://doi.org/10.1038/293043a0
Debuhr J, Quataert E, Ma CP (2012) Galaxy-scale outflows driven by active galactic nuclei. Mon Not R Astron Soc 420(3):2221–2231. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20187.x. arXiv:1107.5579
Decataldo D, Ferrara A, Pallottini A, Gallerani S, Vallini L (2017) Molecular clumps photoevaporation in ionized regions. Mon Not R Astron Soc 471(4):4476–4487. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx1879. arXiv:1707.08574
Decataldo D, Pallottini A, Ferrara A, Vallini L, Gallerani S (2019) Photoevaporation of Jeans-unstable molecular clumps. Mon Not R Astron Soc 487(3):3377–3391. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1527. arXiv:1905.13230
Dessauges-Zavadsky M, Prochaska JX, D’Odorico S, Calura F, Matteucci F (2006) A new comprehensive set of elemental abundances in DLAs. II. Data analysis and chemical variation studies. Astron Astrophys 445(1):93–113. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20053200. arXiv:astro-ph/0511031
Dessauges-Zavadsky M, D’Odorico S, Schaerer D, Modigliani A, Tapken C, Vernet J (2010) Rest-frame ultraviolet spectrum of the gravitationally lensed galaxy “the 8 o’clock arc”: stellar and interstellar medium properties. Astron Astrophys 510:A26. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/200913337. arXiv:0912.4384
Devine D, Bally J (1999) \(\text{ H }\alpha \) Emission 11 Kiloparsecs above M82. Astrophys J 510(1):197–204. https://doi.org/10.1086/306582
Di Matteo T, Springel V, Hernquist L (2005) Energy input from quasars regulates the growth and activity of black holes and their host galaxies. Nature 433(7026):604–607. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03335. arXiv:astro-ph/0502199
di Serego Alighieri S, Cimatti A, Fosbury RAE, Hes R (1997) Anisotropic [OIII] emission in radio loud AGN. Astron Astrophys 328:510–516 arXiv:astro-ph/9708205
Di Teodoro EM, Fraternali F (2015) \(^{3D}\) BAROLO: a new 3D algorithm to derive rotation curves of galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 451(3):3021–3033. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1213. arXiv:1505.07834
Di Teodoro EM, McClure-Griffiths NM, Lockman FJ, Denbo SR, Endsley R, Ford HA, Harrington K (2018) Blowing in the Milky Way wind: neutral hydrogen clouds tracing the galactic nuclear outflow. Astrophys J 855(1):33. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaad6a. arXiv:1802.02152
Di Teodoro EM, McClure-Griffiths NM, De Breuck C, Armillotta L, Pingel NM, Jameson KE, Dickey JM, Rubio M, Stanimirović S, Staveley-Smith L (2019) Molecular gas in the outflow of the small magellanic cloud. Astrophys J Lett 885(2):L32. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab4fe9
Diamond-Stanic AM, Moustakas J, Tremonti CA, Coil AL, Hickox RC, Robaina AR, Rudnick GH, Sell PH (2012) High-velocity outflows without AGN feedback: Eddington-limited star formation in compact massive galaxies. Astrophys J Lett 755(2):L26. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/755/2/L26. arXiv:1205.2368
Díaz-Santos T, Assef RJ, Blain AW, Tsai CW, Aravena M, Eisenhardt P, Wu J, Stern D, Bridge C (2016) The strikingly uniform, highly turbulent interstellar medium of the most luminous galaxy in the universe. Astrophys J Lett 816(1):L6. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/816/1/L6. arXiv:1511.04079
Diesing R, Caprioli D (2018) Effect of cosmic rays on the evolution and momentum deposition of supernova remnants. Phys Rev Lett 121(9):091101. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.091101. arXiv:1804.09731
Dijkstra M (2017) Saas-fee lecture notes: physics of Lyman alpha radiative transfer. ArXiv e-prints arXiv:1704.03416
Dobler G, Finkbeiner DP (2008) Extended anomalous foreground emission in the WMAP three-year data. Astrophys J 680(2):1222–1234. https://doi.org/10.1086/587862. arXiv:0712.1038
Dobler G, Finkbeiner DP, Cholis I, Slatyer T, Weiner N (2010) The Fermi haze: a gamma-ray counterpart to the microwave haze. Astrophys J 717(2):825–842. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/717/2/825. arXiv:0910.4583
Domgorgen H, Mathis JS (1994) The ionization of the diffuse ionized gas. Astrophys J 428:647. https://doi.org/10.1086/174275
Dopita MA, Seitenzahl IR, Sutherland RS, Vogt FPA, Winkler PF, Blair WP (2016) Forbidden iron lines and dust destruction in supernova remnant shocks: the case of N49 in the large magellanic cloud. Astrophys J 826(2):150. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/826/2/150. arXiv:1605.02385
Doyon R, Wright GS, Joseph RD (1994) A near-infrared spectroscopic study of the luminous merger NGC 3256. II. Evidence for fluorescent molecular hydrogen emission. Astrophys J 421:115. https://doi.org/10.1086/173630
Draine BT (2003) Interstellar dust grains. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 41:241–289. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.astro.41.011802.094840. arXiv:astro-ph/0304489
Draine BT (2009) Interstellar dust models and evolutionary implications. In: Henning T, Grün E, Steinacker J (eds) Cosmic dust—near and far, ASP Conference Series, vol 414. Astronomical Society of the Pacific, San Francisco, p 453 arXiv:0903.1658
Draine BT (2011) Physics of the interstellar and intergalactic medium. Princeton University Press. ISBN: 978-0-691-12214-4
Draine BT, Allaf-Akbari K (2006) X-ray scattering by nonspherical grains. I. Oblate spheroids. Astrophys J 652(2):1318–1330. https://doi.org/10.1086/508133. arXiv:astro-ph/0608037
Draine BT, Fraisse AA (2009) Polarized far-infrared and submillimeter emission from interstellar dust. Astrophys J 696(1):1–11. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/696/1/1. arXiv:0809.2094
Draine BT, Li A (2007) Infrared emission from interstellar dust. IV. The silicate-graphite-PAH model in the post-Spitzer era. Astrophys J 657(2):810–837. https://doi.org/10.1086/511055. arXiv:astro-ph/0608003
Draine BT, Salpeter EE (1979a) Destruction mechanisms for interstellar dust. Astrophys J 231:438–455. https://doi.org/10.1086/157206
Draine BT, Salpeter EE (1979b) On the physics of dust grains in hot gas. Astrophys J 231:77–94. https://doi.org/10.1086/157165
Draine BT, Dale DA, Bendo G, Gordon KD, Smith JDT, Armus L, Engelbracht CW, Helou G, Kennicutt JRC, Li A, Roussel H, Walter F, Calzetti D, Moustakas J, Murphy EJ, Rieke GH, Bot C, Hollenbach DJ, Sheth K, Teplitz HI (2007) Dust masses, PAH abundances, and starlight intensities in the SINGS galaxy sample. Astrophys J 663(2):866–894. https://doi.org/10.1086/518306. arXiv:astro-ph/0703213
Du X, Shapley AE, Reddy NA, Jones T, Stark DP, Steidel CC, Strom AL, Rudie GC, Erb DK, Ellis RS, Pettini M (2018) The redshift evolution of rest-UV spectroscopic properties in Lyman-break galaxies at \(z \sim 2\)-\(4\). Astrophys J 860(1):75. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aabfcf. arXiv:1803.05912
Dubois Y, Peirani S, Pichon C, Devriendt J, Gavazzi R, Welker C, Volonteri M (2016) The HORIZON-AGN simulation: morphological diversity of galaxies promoted by AGN feedback. Mon Not R Astron Soc 463(4):3948–3964. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw2265. arXiv:1606.03086
Dugan Z, Gaibler V, Silk J (2017) Feedback by AGN jets and wide-angle winds on a galactic scale. Astrophys J 844(1):37. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa7566. arXiv:1608.01370
Dumouchel F, Faure A, Lique F (2010) The rotational excitation of HCN and HNC by He: temperature dependence of the collisional rate coefficients. Mon Not R Astron Soc 406(4):2488–2492. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16826.x
Dunn JP, Bautista M, Arav N, Moe M, Korista K, Costantini E, Benn C, Ellison S, Edmonds D (2010) The quasar outflow contribution to AGN feedback: VLT measurements of SDSS J0318–0600. Astrophys J 709(2):611–631. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/709/2/611. arXiv:0911.3896
Dunn JP, Wasik B, Holtzclaw CL, Yenerall D, Bautista M, Arav N, Hayes D, Moe M, Ho LC, Harper Dutton S (2015) Determining the locations of dust sources in FeLoBAL quasars. Astrophys J 808(1):94. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/808/1/94. arXiv:1509.05060
Efstathiou G (2000) A model of supernova feedback in galaxy formation. Mon Not R Astron Soc 317(3):697–719. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-8711.2000.03665.x. arXiv:astro-ph/0002245
El-Badry K, Wetzel A, Geha M, Hopkins PF, Kereš D, Chan TK, Faucher-Giguère CA (2016) Breathing FIRE: how stellar feedback drives radial migration, rapid size fluctuations, and population gradients in low-mass galaxies. Astrophys J 820(2):131. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/820/2/131. arXiv:1512.01235
El-Badry K, Ostriker EC, Kim CG, Quataert E, Weisz DR (2019) Evolution of supernovae-driven superbubbles with conduction and cooling. Mon Not R Astron Soc 490(2):1961–1990. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2773. arXiv:1902.09547
Elbaz D, Jahnke K, Pantin E, Le Borgne D, Letawe G (2009) Quasar induced galaxy formation: a new paradigm? Astron Astrophys 507(3):1359–1374. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/200912848. arXiv:0907.2923
Elitzur M, Shlosman I (2006) The AGN-obscuring torus: the end of the “Doughnut” paradigm? Astrophys J Lett 648(2):L101–L104. https://doi.org/10.1086/508158. arXiv:astro-ph/0605686
Ellison SL, Thorp MD, Lin L, Pan HA, Bluck AFL, Scudder JM, Teimoorinia H, Sanchez SF, Sargent M (2020) The ALMaQUEST survey: III. Scatter in the resolved star forming main sequence is primarily due to variations in star formation efficiency. Mon Not R Astron Soc Lett 493(1):L39–L43. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/slz179. arXiv:1911.11887
Emerick A, Bryan GL, Mac Low MM, Côté B, Johnston KV, O’Shea BW (2018) Metal mixing and ejection in dwarf galaxies are dependent on nucleosynthetic source. Astrophys J 869(2):94. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaec7d. arXiv:1809.01167
Engelbracht CW, Kundurthy P, Gordon KD, Rieke GH, Kennicutt RC, Smith JDT, Regan MW, Makovoz D, Sosey M, Draine BT, Helou G, Armus L, Calzetti D, Meyer M, Bendo GJ, Walter F, Hollenbach D, Cannon JM, Murphy EJ, Dale DA, Buckalew BA, Sheth K (2006) Extended mid-infrared aromatic feature emission in M82. Astrophys J Lett 642(2):L127–L132. https://doi.org/10.1086/504590. arXiv:astro-ph/0603551
Erb DK (2015) Feedback in low-mass galaxies in the early Universe. Nature 523(7559):169–176. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14454. arXiv:1507.02374
Erb DK, Quider AM, Henry AL, Martin CL (2012) Galactic outflows in absorption and emission: near-ultraviolet spectroscopy of galaxies at \(1 < z < 2\). Astrophys J 759(1):26. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/759/1/26. arXiv:1209.4903
Erb DK, Steidel CC, Chen Y (2018) The kinematics of extended \(\text{ Ly }\alpha \) emission in a low-mass, low-metallicity galaxy at \(z = 2.3\). Astrophys J Lett 862(1):L10. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aacff6. arXiv:1807.00065
Espada D, Peck AB, Matsushita S, Sakamoto K, Henkel C, Iono D, Israel FP, Muller S, Petitpas G, Pihlström Y, Taylor GB, Trung DV (2010) Disentangling the circumnuclear environs of centaurus A. II. On the nature of the broad absorption line. Astrophys J 720(1):666–678. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/720/1/666. arXiv:1007.2061
Everett JE, Zweibel EG, Benjamin RA, McCammon D, Rocks L, Gallagher I, John S (2008) The Milky Way’s kiloparsec-scale wind: a hybrid cosmic-ray and thermally driven outflow. Astrophys J 674(1):258–270. https://doi.org/10.1086/524766. arXiv:0710.3712
Fabian AC (1999) The obscured growth of massive black holes. Mon Not R Astron Soc 308(4):L39–L43. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-8711.1999.03017.x. arXiv:astro-ph/9908064
Fabian AC (2012) Observational evidence of active galactic nuclei feedback. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 50:455–489. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-081811-125521. arXiv:1204.4114
Faerman Y, Sternberg A, McKee CF (2017) Massive warm/hot galaxy coronae as probed by UV/X-ray oxygen absorption and emission. I. Basic model. Astrophys J 835(1):52. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/835/1/52. arXiv:1602.00689
Falgarone E, Puget J-L (1995) The intermittency of turbulence in interstellar clouds: implications for the gas kinetic temperature and decoupling of heavy particles from the gas motions. Astro. Astrophys 293:840–852
Falgarone E, Zwaan MA, Godard B, Bergin E, Ivison RJ, Andreani PM, Bournaud F, Bussmann RS, Elbaz D, Omont A, Oteo I, Walter F (2017) Large turbulent reservoirs of cold molecular gas around high-redshift starburst galaxies. Nature 548:430–433. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature23298
Falstad N, González-Alfonso E, Aalto S, van der Werf PP, Fischer J, Veilleux S, Meléndez M, Farrah D, Smith HA (2015) Herschel spectroscopic observations of the compact obscured nucleus in Zw 049.057. Astron Astrophys 580:A52. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526114. arXiv:1505.06934
Falstad N, González-Alfonso E, Aalto S, Fischer J (2017) Inflowing gas onto a compact obscured nucleus in Arp 299A. Herschel spectroscopic studies of \(\text{ H }_{2}\text{ O }\) and OH. Astron Astrophys 597:A105. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201629050. arXiv:1611.01071
Falstad N, Aalto S, Mangum JG, Costagliola F, Gallagher JS, González-Alfonso E, Sakamoto K, König S, Muller S, Evans AS, Privon GC (2018) Hidden molecular outflow in the LIRG Zw 049.057. Astron Astrophys 609:A75. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201732088. arXiv:1711.05321
Falstad N, Hallqvist F, Aalto S, König S, Muller S, Aladro R, Combes F, Evans AS, Fuller GA, Gallagher JS, García-Burillo S, González-Alfonso E, Greve TR, Henkel C, Imanishi M, Izumi T, Mangum JG, Martín S, Privon GC, Sakamoto K, Veilleux S, van der Werf PP (2019) Hidden or missing outflows in highly obscured galaxy nuclei? Astron Astrophys 623:A29. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834586. arXiv:1901.06723
Fan L, Knudsen KK, Fogasy J, Drouart G (2018) ALMA detections of CO emission in the most luminous, heavily dust-obscured quasars at \( z> 3\). Astrophys J Lett 856(1):L5. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aab496. arXiv:1711.10615
Fang T, Jiang X (2014) High resolution X-ray spectroscopy of the local hot gas along the 3C 273 sightline. Astrophys J Lett 785(2):L24. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/785/2/L24. arXiv:1403.2028
Farina EP, Falomo R, Scarpa R, Decarli R, Treves A, Kotilainen JK (2014) The extent of the Mg II absorbing circumgalactic medium of quasars. Mon Not R Astron Soc 441(1):886–899. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu585. arXiv:1403.5559
Faucher-Giguère CA, Quataert E (2012) The physics of galactic winds driven by active galactic nuclei. Mon Not R Astron Soc 425(1):605–622. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21512.x. arXiv:1204.2547
Feain IJ, Papadopoulos PP, Ekers RD, Middelberg E (2007) Dressing a naked quasar: star formation and active galactic nucleus feedback in HE 0450–2958. Astrophys J 662(2):872–877. https://doi.org/10.1086/518027. arXiv:astro-ph/0703101
Fernández-Ontiveros JA, Dasyra KM, Hatziminaoglou E, Malkan MA, Pereira-Santaella M, Papachristou M, Spinoglio L, Combes F, Aalto S, Nagar N, Imanishi M, Andreani P, Ricci C, Slater R (2019) A CO molecular gas wind 340 pc away from the Seyfert 2 nucleus in ESO 420-G13 probes an elusive radio jet. ArXiv e-prints arXiv:1911.00015
Ferrara A, Viti S, Ceccarelli C (2016) The problematic growth of dust in high-redshift galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 463(1):L112–L116. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/slw165. arXiv:1606.07214
Ferrarese L, Merritt D (2000) A fundamental relation between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies. Astrophys J Lett 539(1):L9–L12. https://doi.org/10.1086/312838. arXiv:astro-ph/0006053
Feruglio C, Maiolino R, Piconcelli E, Menci N, Aussel H, Lamastra A, Fiore F (2010) Quasar feedback revealed by giant molecular outflows. Astron Astrophys 518:L155. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201015164. arXiv:1006.1655
Feruglio C, Fiore F, Carniani S, Piconcelli E, Zappacosta L, Bongiorno A, Cicone C, Maiolino R, Marconi A, Menci N, Puccetti S, Veilleux S (2015) The multi-phase winds of Markarian 231: from the hot, nuclear, ultra-fast wind to the galaxy-scale, molecular outflow. Astron Astrophys 583:A99. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526020. arXiv:1503.01481
Feruglio C, Ferrara A, Bischetti M, Downes D, Neri R, Ceccarelli C, Cicone C, Fiore F, Gallerani S, Maiolino R, Menci N, Piconcelli E, Vietri G, Vignali C, Zappacosta L (2017) On the discovery of fast molecular gas in the UFO/BAL quasar APM 08279+5255 at \(z = 3.912\). Astron Astrophys 608:A30. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731387. arXiv:1706.05527
Field GB, Steigman G (1971) Charge transfer and ionization equilibrium in the interstellar medium. Astrophys J 166:59. https://doi.org/10.1086/150941
Fierlinger KM, Burkert A, Ntormousi E, Fierlinger P, Schartmann M, Ballone A, Krause MGH, Diehl R (2016) Stellar feedback efficiencies: supernovae versus stellar winds. Mon Not R Astron Soc 456(1):710–730. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv2699. arXiv:1511.05151
Filiz Ak N, Brandt WN, Hall PB, Schneider DP, Anderson SF, Gibson RR, Lundgren BF, Myers AD, Petitjean P, Ross NP, Shen Y, York DG, Bizyaev D, Brinkmann J, Malanushenko E, Oravetz DJ, Pan K, Simmons AE, Weaver BA (2012) Broad absorption line disappearance on multi-year timescales in a large quasar sample. Astrophys J 757(2):114. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/757/2/114. arXiv:1208.0836
Finkbeiner DP (2004) Microwave interstellar medium emission observed by the Wilkinson microwave anisotropy probe. Astrophys J 614(1):186–193. https://doi.org/10.1086/423482. arXiv:astro-ph/0311547
Finlator K, Davé R (2008) The origin of the galaxy mass-metallicity relation and implications for galactic outflows. Mon Not R Astron Soc 385(4):2181–2204. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.12991.x. arXiv:0704.3100
Finley H, Bouché N, Contini T, Epinat B, Bacon R, Brinchmann J, Cantalupo S, Erroz-Ferrer S, Marino RA, Maseda M, Richard J, Schroetter I, Verhamme A, Weilbacher PM, Wendt M, Wisotzki L (2017) Galactic winds with MUSE: a direct detection of Fe II* emission from a \(z = 1.29\) galaxy. Astron Astrophys 605:A118. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201730428. arXiv:1701.07843
Fiore F, Feruglio C, Shankar F, Bischetti M, Bongiorno A, Brusa M, Carniani S, Cicone C, Duras F, Lamastra A, Mainieri V, Marconi A, Menci N, Maiolino R, Piconcelli E, Vietri G, Zappacosta L (2017) AGN wind scaling relations and the co-evolution of black holes and galaxies. Astron Astrophys 601:A143. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201629478. arXiv:1702.04507
Fischer J, Sturm E, González-Alfonso E, Graciá-Carpio J, Hailey-Dunsheath S, Poglitsch A, Contursi A, Lutz D, Genzel R, Sternberg A, Verma A, Tacconi L (2010) Herschel-PACS spectroscopic diagnostics of local ULIRGs: conditions and kinematics in Markarian 231. Astron Astrophys 518:L41. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201014676. arXiv:1005.2213
Fischer J, Abel NP, González-Alfonso E, Dudley CC, Satyapal S, van Hoof PAM (2014) A far-infrared spectral sequence of galaxies: trends and models. Astrophys J 795(2):117. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/795/2/117. arXiv:1409.2521
Fluetsch A, Maiolino R, Carniani S, Marconi A, Cicone C, Bourne MA, Costa T, Fabian AC, Ishibashi W, Venturi G (2019) Cold molecular outflows in the local Universe and their feedback effect on galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 483(4):4586–4614. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty3449. arXiv:1805.05352
Forbes JC, Krumholz MR, Speagle JS (2019) Towards a radially resolved semi-analytic model for the evolution of disc galaxies tuned with machine learning. Mon Not R Astron Soc 487(3):3581–3606. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1473. arXiv:1810.12919
Förster Schreiber NM, Genzel R, Lutz D, Sternberg A (2003) The nature of starburst activity in M82. Astrophys J 599(1):193–217. https://doi.org/10.1086/379097. arXiv:astro-ph/0309357
Förster Schreiber NM, Übler H, Davies RL, Genzel R, Wisnioski E, Belli S, Shimizu T, Lutz D, Fossati M, Herrera-Camus R, Mendel JT, Tacconi LJ, Wilman D, Beifiori A, Brammer GB, Burkert A, Carollo CM, Davies RI, Eisenhauer F, Fabricius M, Lilly SJ, Momcheva I, Naab T, Nelson EJ, Price SH, Renzini A, Saglia R, Sternberg A, van Dokkum P, Wuyts S (2019) The \(\text{ KMOS }^{3D}\) survey: demographics and properties of galactic outflows at \(z = 06.\)–\(2.7\). Astrophys J 875(1):21. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab0ca2. arXiv:1807.04738
Fotopoulou CM, Dasyra KM, Combes F, Salomé P, Papachristou M (2019) Complex molecular gas kinematics in the inner 5 kpc of 4C12.50 as seen by ALMA. Astron Astrophys 629:A30. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834416. arXiv:1908.01011
Fox AJ, Ledoux C, Vreeswijk PM, Smette A, Jaunsen AO (2008) High-ion absorption in seven GRB host galaxies at z = 2–4. Evidence for both circumburst plasma and outflowing interstellar gas. Astron Astrophys 491(1):189–207. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:200810286. arXiv:0809.3247
Fox AJ, Bordoloi R, Savage BD, Lockman FJ, Jenkins EB, Wakker BP, Bland-Hawthorn J, Hernandez S, Kim TS, Benjamin RA, Bowen DV, Tumlinson J (2015) Probing the Fermi bubbles in ultraviolet absorption: a spectroscopic signature of the Milky Way’s biconical nuclear outflow. Astrophys J Lett 799(1):L7. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/799/1/L7. arXiv:1412.1480
Fox AJ, Richter P, Ashley T, Heckman TM, Lehner N, Werk JK, Bordoloi R, Peeples MS (2019) The mass inflow and outflow rates of the Milky Way. Astrophys J 884:53. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab40ad. arXiv:1909.05561
Fujimoto S, Ouchi M, Ferrara A, Pallottini A, Ivison RJ, Behrens C, Gallerani S, Arata S, Yajima H, Nagamine K (2019) First identification of 10-kpc scale [CII] 158um halos around star-forming galaxies at z = 5–7. Astrophys J 887:107. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab480f. arXiv:1902.06760
Fukugita M (2011) Global amount of dust in the universe. ArXiv e-prints arXiv:1103.4191
Fukugita M, Ménard B (2015) The nature of damped Lyman-\(\alpha \) and Mg II absorbers explored through their dust contents. Astrophys J 799(2):195. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/799/2/195. arXiv:1403.4339
Fukui Y, Torii K, Onishi T, Yamamoto H, Okamoto R, Hayakawa T, Tachihara K, Sano H (2015) Optically thick H I dominant in the local interstellar medium: an alternative interpretation to “Dark Gas”. Astrophys J 798(1):6. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/798/1/6. arXiv:1403.0999
Gabor JM, Bournaud F (2014) Active galactic nuclei-driven outflows without immediate quenching in simulations of high-redshift disc galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 441(2):1615–1627. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu677. arXiv:1402.4482
Gaibler V, Khochfar S, Krause M, Silk J (2012) Jet-induced star formation in gas-rich galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 425(1):438–449. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21479.x. arXiv:1111.4478
Gall C, Hjorth J (2018) Maximally dusty star-forming galaxies: supernova dust production and recycling in local group and high-redshift galaxies. Astrophys J 868(1):62. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aae520. arXiv:1809.11032
Gall C, Hjorth J, Watson D, Dwek E, Maund JR, Fox O, Leloudas G, Malesani D, Day-Jones AC (2014) Rapid formation of large dust grains in the luminous supernova 2010jl. Nature 511(7509):326–329. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13558. arXiv:1407.4447
Gallagher R, Maiolino R, Belfiore F, Drory N, Riffel R, Riffel RA (2019) Widespread star formation inside galactic outflows. Mon Not R Astron Soc 485(3):3409–3429. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz564. arXiv:1806.03311
Gallagher SC, Brandt WN, Chartas G, Garmire GP, Sambruna RM (2002) X-raying the ultraluminous infrared starburst galaxy and broad absorption line QSO Markarian 231 with Chandra. Astrophys J 569(2):655–670. https://doi.org/10.1086/339171. arXiv:astro-ph/0112257
Gallagher SC, Schmidt GD, Smith PS, Brandt WN, Chartas G, Hylton S, Hines DC, Brotherton MS (2005) Variation in the scattering shroud surrounding Markarian 231. Astrophys J 633(1):71–85. https://doi.org/10.1086/449305. arXiv:astro-ph/0506616
Gallerani S, Pallottini A, Feruglio C, Ferrara A, Maiolino R, Vallini L, Riechers DA, Pavesi R (2018) ALMA suggests outflows in \(z \sim 5.5\) galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 473(2):1909–1917. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx2458. arXiv:1604.05714
Galliano E, Alloin D (2002) Near-IR 2D-spectroscopy of the 4” x 4” region around the active Galactic Nucleus of NGC 1068 with ISAAC/VLT. Astron Astrophys 393:43–56. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20020906. arXiv:astro-ph/0207010
Galliano F, Galametz M, Jones AP (2018) The interstellar dust properties of nearby galaxies. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 56:673–713. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-081817-051900. arXiv:1711.07434
Gallimore JF, Baum SA, O’Dea CP (1997) A direct image of the obscuring disk surrounding an active galactic nucleus. Nature 388(6645):852–854. https://doi.org/10.1038/42201. arXiv:astro-ph/9708062
Gallimore JF, Elitzur M, Maiolino R, Marconi A, O’Dea CP, Lutz D, Baum SA, Nikutta R, Impellizzeri CMV, Davies R, Kimball AE, Sani E (2016) High-velocity bipolar molecular emission from an AGN torus. Astrophys J Lett 829(1):L7. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/829/1/L7. arXiv:1608.02210
García-Burillo S, Martín-Pintado J, Fuente A, Neri R (2001) SiO chimneys and supershells in M82. Astrophys J Lett 563(1):L27–L30. https://doi.org/10.1086/338391. arXiv:astro-ph/0201009
García-Burillo S, Usero A, Fuente A, Martín-Pintado J, Boone F, Aalto S, Krips M, Neri R, Schinnerer E, Tacconi LJ (2010) Molecular gas chemistry in AGN. II. High-resolution imaging of SiO emission in NGC 1068: shocks or XDR? Astron Astrophys 519:A2. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201014539. arXiv:1005.1263
García-Burillo S, Combes F, Usero A, Aalto S, Krips M, Viti S, Alonso-Herrero A, Hunt LK, Schinnerer E, Baker AJ, Boone F, Casasola V, Colina L, Costagliola F, Eckart A, Fuente A, Henkel C, Labiano A, Martín S, Márquez I, Muller S, Planesas P, Ramos Almeida C, Spaans M, Tacconi LJ, van der Werf PP (2014) Molecular line emission in NGC 1068 imaged with ALMA. I. An AGN-driven outflow in the dense molecular gas. Astron Astrophys 567:A125. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201423843. arXiv:1405.7706
García-Burillo S, Combes F, Usero A, Aalto S, Colina L, Alonso-Herrero A, Hunt LK, Arribas S, Costagliola F, Labiano A, Neri R, Pereira-Santaella M, Tacconi LJ, van der Werf PP (2015) High-resolution imaging of the molecular outflows in two mergers: IRAS 17208-0014 and NGC 1614. Astron Astrophys 580:A35. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526133. arXiv:1505.04705
García-Burillo S, Combes F, Ramos Almeida C, Usero A, Krips M, Alonso-Herrero A, Aalto S, Casasola V, Hunt LK, Martín S, Viti S, Colina L, Costagliola F, Eckart A, Fuente A, Henkel C, Márquez I, Neri R, Schinnerer E, Tacconi LJ, van der Werf PP (2016) ALMA resolves the torus of NGC 1068: continuum and molecular line emission. Astrophys J Lett 823(1):L12. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/823/1/L12. arXiv:1604.00205
García-Burillo S, Viti S, Combes F, Fuente A, Usero A, Hunt LK, Martín S, Krips M, Aalto S, Aladro R, Ramos Almeida C, Alonso-Herrero A, Casasola V, Henkel C, Querejeta M, Neri R, Costagliola F, Tacconi LJ, van der Werf PP (2017) ALMA imaging of \(\text{ C }_{2}\text{ H }\) emission in the disk of NGC 1068. Astron Astrophys 608:A56. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731862. arXiv:1709.05895
García-Burillo S, Combes F, Ramos Almeida C, Usero A, Alonso-Herrero A, Hunt LK, Rouan D, Aalto S, Querejeta M, Viti S, van der Werf PP, Fuente A, Colina L, Martín-Pintado J, Henkel C, Martin S, Gratadour D, Neri R, Tacconi LJ (2019) ALMA images the many faces of the NGC1068 torus and its surroundings. Astron Astrophys 632:A61. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201936606. arXiv:1909.00675
Gaspari M, Temi P, Brighenti F (2017) Raining on black holes and massive galaxies: the top-down multiphase condensation model. Mon Not R Astron Soc 466(1):677–704. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw3108. arXiv:1608.08216
Gatkine P, Veilleux S, Cucchiara A (2019) The CGM-GRB study. I. Uncovering the circumgalactic medium around GRB hosts at redshifts 2-6. Astrophys J 884:66. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab31ae. arXiv:1907.05903
Gatuzz E, García J, Kallman TR, Mendoza C, Gorczyca TW (2015) ISMabs: a comprehensive X-ray absorption model for the interstellar medium. Astrophys J 800(1):29. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/800/1/29. arXiv:1412.3813
Gatuzz E, García JA, Kallman TR, Mendoza C (2016) Oxygen, neon, and iron X-ray absorption in the local interstellar medium. Astron Astrophys 588:A111. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201527752. arXiv:1602.06955
Geach JE, Hickox RC, Diamond-Stanic AM, Krips M, Rudnick GH, Tremonti CA, Sell PH, Coil AL, Moustakas J (2014) Stellar feedback as the origin of an extended molecular outflow in a starburst galaxy. Nature 516(7529):68–70. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14012. arXiv:1412.1091
Gebhardt K, Bender R, Bower G, Dressler A, Faber SM, Filippenko AV, Green R, Grillmair C, Ho LC, Kormendy J, Lauer TR, Magorrian J, Pinkney J, Richstone D, Tremaine S (2000) A relationship between nuclear black hole mass and galaxy velocity dispersion. Astrophys J Lett 539(1):L13–L16. https://doi.org/10.1086/312840. arXiv:astro-ph/0006289
Gentry ES, Krumholz MR, Dekel A, Madau P (2017) Enhanced momentum feedback from clustered supernovae. Mon Not R Astron Soc 465(2):2471–2488. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw2746. arXiv:1606.01242
Gentry ES, Krumholz MR, Madau P, Lupi A (2019) The momentum budget of clustered supernova feedback in a 3D, magnetized medium. Mon Not R Astron Soc 483(3):3647–3658. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty3319. arXiv:1802.06860
Genzel R, Förster Schreiber NM, Rosario D, Lang P, Lutz D, Wisnioski E, Wuyts E, Wuyts S, Bandara K, Bender R, Berta S, Kurk J, Mendel JT, Tacconi LJ, Wilman D, Beifiori A, Brammer G, Burkert A, Buschkamp P, Chan J, Carollo CM, Davies R, Eisenhauer F, Fabricius M, Fossati M, Kriek M, Kulkarni S, Lilly SJ, Mancini C, Momcheva I, Naab T, Nelson EJ, Renzini A, Saglia R, Sharples RM, Sternberg A, Tacchella S, van Dokkum P (2014) Evidence for wide-spread active galactic nucleus-driven outflows in the most massive \(z \sim 1\)-\(2\) star-forming galaxies. Astrophys J 796(1):7. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/796/1/7. arXiv:1406.0183
George RD, Ivison RJ, Smail I, Swinbank AM, Hopwood R, Stanley F, Swinyard BM, Valtchanov I, Werf PVD (2014) Herschel reveals a molecular outflow in a z = 2.3 ULIRG. Mon Not R Astron Soc 442(2):1877–1883. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu967. arXiv:1402.6320
Georgy C, Walder R, Folini D, Bykov A, Marcowith A, Favre JM (2013) Circumstellar medium around rotating massive stars at solar metallicity. Astron Astrophys 559:A69. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201321226. arXiv:1309.1360
Gilli R, Maiolino R, Marconi A, Risaliti G, Dadina M, Weaver KA, Colbert EJM (2000) The variability of the Seyfert galaxy NGC 2992: the case for a revived AGN. Astron Astrophys 355:485–498 arXiv:astro-ph/0001107
Ginolfi M, Jones GC, Bethermin M, Fudamoto Y, Loiacono F, Fujimoto S, Le Fevre O, Faisst A, Schaerer D, Cassata P, Silverman JD, Yan L, Capak P, Bardelli S, Boquien M, Carraro R, Dessauges-Zavadsky M, Giavalisco M, Gruppioni C, Ibar E, Khusanova Y, Lemaux BC, Maiolino R, Narayanan D, Oesch P, Pozzi F, Rodighiero G, Talia M, Toft S, Vallini L, Vergani D, Zamorani G (2020) The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] survey: star-formation-driven outflows and circumgalactic enrichment in the early Universe. Astron Astrophys 633:A90. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201936872. arXiv:1910.04770
Giovanardi C, Natta A, Palla F (1987) Numerical FITS to the electron impact transition rate coefficients for atomic hydrogen as a function of electron temperature. Astron Astrophys Suppl 70(2):269–280
Girichidis P, Naab T, Walch S, Hanasz M, Mac Low MM, Ostriker JP, Gatto A, Peters T, Wünsch R, Glover SCO, Klessen RS, Clark PC, Baczynski C (2016) Launching cosmic-ray-driven outflows from the magnetized interstellar medium. Astrophys J Lett 816(2):L19. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/816/2/L19. arXiv:1509.07247
Girichidis P, Naab T, Hanasz M, Walch S (2018) Cooler and smoother—the impact of cosmic rays on the phase structure of galactic outflows. Mon Not R Astron Soc 479(3):3042–3067. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1653. arXiv:1805.09333
Giustini M, Proga D (2019) A global view of the inner accretion/ejection flow around super massive black holes: radiation driven accretion disk winds in a physical context. Astron Astrophys 630:A94. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833810. arXiv:1904.07341
Glenn J, Rangwala N, Maloney PR, Kamenetzky JR (2015) NGC 1266: characterization of the nuclear molecular gas in an unusual SB0 galaxy. Astrophys J 800(2):105. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/800/2/105. arXiv:1502.02041
Glover SC, Savin DW, Jappsen AK (2006) Cosmological implications of the uncertainty in \(\text{ H }^{-}\) destruction rate coefficients. Astrophys J 640(2):553–568. https://doi.org/10.1086/500166. arXiv:astro-ph/0506221
Glover SCO, Clark PC, Micic M, Molina F (2015) Modelling [C I] emission from turbulent molecular clouds. Mon Not R Astron Soc 448(2):1607–1627. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu2699. arXiv:1403.3530
Goicoechea JR, Cernicharo J (2002) Far-infrared OH fluorescent emission in sagittarius B2. Astrophys J Lett 576(1):L77–L81. https://doi.org/10.1086/343062. arXiv:astro-ph/0207498
Goicoechea JR, Cernicharo J, Lerate MR, Daniel F, Barlow MJ, Swinyard BM, Lim TL, Viti S, Yates J (2006) Far-infrared excited hydroxyl lines from orion KL outflows. Astrophys J Lett 641(1):L49–L52. https://doi.org/10.1086/503799. arXiv:astro-ph/0603077
Goicoechea JR, Pety J, Gerin M, Hily-Blant P, Le Bourlot J (2009) The ionization fraction gradient across the Horsehead edge: an archetype for molecular clouds. Astron Astrophys 498(3):771–783. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/200811496. arXiv:0902.2748
Goicoechea JR, Chavarría L, Cernicharo J, Neufeld DA, Vavrek R, Bergin EA, Cuadrado S, Encrenaz P, Etxaluze M, Melnick GJ, Polehampton E (2015) Herschel far-infrared spectral-mapping of orion BN/KL outflows: spatial distribution of excited CO, \(\text{ H }_{2}\text{ O }\), OH, O, and \(\text{ C }^{+}\) in shocked gas. Astrophys J 799(1):102. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/799/1/102. arXiv:1411.2930
Goicoechea JR, Santa-Maria MG, Teyssier D, Cernicharo J, Gerin M, Pety J (2018) High-velocity hot CO emission close to Sgr A*. Herschel/HIFI submillimeter spectral survey toward Sgr A*. Astron Astrophys 616:L1. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833684. arXiv:1807.07459
Goldsmith PF, Kauffmann J (2017) Electron excitation of high dipole moment molecules re-examined. Astrophys J 841(1):25. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa6f12. arXiv:1708.07553
Goldsmith PF, Langer WD, Pineda JL, Velusamy T (2012) Collisional excitation of the [C II] fine structure transition in interstellar clouds. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 203(1):13. https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/203/1/13. arXiv:1209.4536
González-Alfonso E, Sakamoto K (2019) The greenhouse effect in buried galactic nuclei and the resonant HCN vibrational emission. Astrophys J 882(2):153. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab3a32. arXiv:1908.04058
González-Alfonso E, Fischer J, Graciá-Carpio J, Sturm E, Hailey-Dunsheath S, Lutz D, Poglitsch A, Contursi A, Feuchtgruber H, Veilleux S, Spoon HWW, Verma A, Christopher N, Davies R, Sternberg A, Genzel R, Tacconi L (2012) Herschel/PACS spectroscopy of NGC 4418 and Arp 220: \(\text{ H }_{2}\text{ O }\), \(\text{ H }_{2}^{18}\text{ O }\), OH, \(^{18}\text{ OH }\), O I, HCN, and \(\text{ NH }_{3}\). Astron Astrophys 541:A4. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201118029. arXiv:1109.1118
González-Alfonso E, Fischer J, Bruderer S, Müller HSP, Graciá-Carpio J, Sturm E, Lutz D, Poglitsch A, Feuchtgruber H, Veilleux S, Contursi A, Sternberg A, Hailey-Dunsheath S, Verma A, Christopher N, Davies R, Genzel R, Tacconi L (2013) Excited \(\text{ OH }^{+}\), \(\text{ H }_{2}\text{ O }^{+}\), and \(\text{ H }_{3}\text{ O }^{+}\) in NGC 4418 and Arp 220. Astron Astrophys 550:A25. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201220466. arXiv:1211.5064
González-Alfonso E, Fischer J, Graciá-Carpio J, Falstad N, Sturm E, Meléndez M, Spoon HWW, Verma A, Davies RI, Lutz D, Aalto S, Polisensky E, Poglitsch A, Veilleux S, Contursi A (2014) The Mrk 231 molecular outflow as seen in OH. Astron Astrophys 561:A27. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201321709. arXiv:1310.3074
González-Alfonso E, Armus L, Carrera FJ, Charmandaris V, Efstathiou A, Egami E, Fernández-Ontiveros JA, Fischer J, Granato GL, Gruppioni C, Hatziminaoglou E, Imanishi M, Isobe N, Kaneda H, Koziel-Wierzbowska D, Malkan MA, Martín-Pintado J, Mateos S, Matsuhara H, Miniutti G, Nakagawa T, Pozzi F, Rico-Villas F, Rodighiero G, Roelfsema P, Spinoglio L, Spoon HWW, Sturm E, van der Tak F, Vignali C, Wang L (2017a) Feedback and feeding in the context of galaxy evolution with SPICA: direct characterisation of molecular outflows and inflows. Publ Astron Soc Australia 34:e054. https://doi.org/10.1017/pasa.2017.46. arXiv:1710.02356
González-Alfonso E, Fischer J, Spoon HWW, Stewart KP, Ashby MLN, Veilleux S, Smith HA, Sturm E, Farrah D, Falstad N, Meléndez M, Graciá-Carpio J, Janssen AW, Lebouteiller V (2017b) Molecular outflows in local ULIRGs: energetics from multitransition OH analysis. Astrophys J 836(1):11. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/836/1/11. arXiv:1612.08181
González-Alfonso E, Fischer J, Bruderer S, Ashby MLN, Smith HA, Veilleux S, Müller HSP, Stewart KP, Sturm E (2018) Outflowing \(\text{ OH }^{+}\) in Markarian 231: the ionization rate of the molecular gas. Astrophys J 857(1):66. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aab6b8. arXiv:1803.04690
Gould RJ, Salpeter EE (1963) The interstellar abundance of the hydrogen molecule. I. Basic processes. Astrophys J 138:393. https://doi.org/10.1086/147654
Gowardhan A, Spoon H, Riechers DA, González-Alfonso E, Farrah D, Fischer J, Darling J, Fergulio C, Afonso J, Bizzocchi L (2018) The dual role of starbursts and active galactic nuclei in driving extreme molecular outflows. Astrophys J 859(1):35. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aabccc. arXiv:1804.03147
Gravity Collaboration, Abuter R, Amorim A, Bauböck M, Berger JP, Bonnet H, Brand ner W, Clénet Y, Coudé Du Foresto V, de Zeeuw PT, Dexter J, Duvert G, Eckart A, Eisenhauer F, Förster Schreiber NM, Garcia P, Gao F, Gendron E, Genzel R, Gerhard O, Gillessen S, Habibi M, Haubois X, Henning T, Hippler S, Horrobin M, Jiménez-Rosales A, Jocou L, Kervella P, Lacour S, Lapeyrère V, Le Bouquin JB, Léna P, Ott T, Paumard T, Perraut K, Perrin G, Pfuhl O, Rabien S, Rodriguez Coira G, Rousset G, Scheithauer S, Sternberg A, Straub O, Straubmeier C, Sturm E, Tacconi LJ, Vincent F, von Fellenberg S, Waisberg I, Widmann F, Wieprecht E, Wiezorrek E, Woillez J, Yazici S (2019) A geometric distance measurement to the Galactic center black hole with 0.3% uncertainty. Astron Astrophys 625:L10. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935656
Grenier IA, Black JH, Strong AW (2015) The nine lives of cosmic rays in galaxies. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 53:199–246. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-082214-122457
Gronke M (2017) Modeling 237 Lyman-\(\alpha \) spectra of the MUSE-Wide survey. Astron Astrophys 608:A139. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731791. arXiv:1709.07008
Gronke M, Oh SP (2018) The growth and entrainment of cold gas in a hot wind. Mon Not R Astron Soc 480(1):L111–L115. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/sly131. arXiv:1806.02728
Gronke M, Oh SP (2020) How cold gas continuously entrains mass and momentum from a hot wind. Mon Not R Astron Soc 492(2):1970–1990. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3332. arXiv:1907.04771
Gronke M, Girichidis P, Naab T, Walch S (2018) The imprint of cosmic ray driven outflows on Lyman-\(\alpha \) spectra. Astrophys J Lett 862(1):L7. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aad286. arXiv:1805.12251
Grønnow A, Tepper-García T, Bland-Hawthorn J (2018) Magnetic fields in the galactic halo restrict fountain-driven recycling and accretion. Astrophys J 865(1):64. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aada0e. arXiv:1805.03903
Guillard P, Ogle PM, Emonts BHC, Appleton PN, Morganti R, Tadhunter C, Oosterloo T, Evans DA, Evans AS (2012) Strong molecular hydrogen emission and kinematics of the multiphase gas in radio galaxies with fast jet-driven outflows. Astrophys J 747(2):95. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/747/2/95. arXiv:1201.1503
Gültekin K, Richstone DO, Gebhardt K, Lauer TR, Tremaine S, Aller MC, Bender R, Dressler A, Faber SM, Filippenko AV, Green R, Ho LC, Kormendy J, Magorrian J, Pinkney J, Siopis C (2009) The M-\(\sigma \) and M-L relations in galactic bulges, and determinations of their intrinsic scatter. Astrophys J 698(1):198–221. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/698/1/198. arXiv:0903.4897
Guo F, Mathews WG (2012) The Fermi bubbles. I. Possible evidence for recent AGN jet activity in the galaxy. Astrophys J 756(2):181. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/756/2/181. arXiv:1103.0055
Hafen Z, Faucher-Giguère CA, Anglés-Alcázar D, Stern J, Kereš D, Hummels C, Esmerian C, Garrison-Kimmel S, El-Badry K, Wetzel A, Chan TK, Hopkins PF, Murray N (2019) The origins of the circumgalactic medium in the FIRE simulations. Mon Not R Astron Soc 488(1):1248–1272. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1773. arXiv:1811.11753
Hailey-Dunsheath S, Nikola T, Stacey GJ, Oberst TE, Parshley SC, Benford DJ, Staguhn JG, Tucker CE (2010) Detection of the 158 \(\mu \text{ m }\) [C II] transition at z = 1.3: evidence for a galaxy-wide starburst. Astrophys J Lett 714(1):L162–L166. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/714/1/L162. arXiv:1003.2174
Hamann F, Zakamska NL, Ross N, Paris I, Alexandroff RM, Villforth C, Richards GT, Herbst H, Brandt WN, Cook B, Denney KD, Greene JE, Schneider DP, Strauss MA (2017) Extremely red quasars in BOSS. Mon Not R Astron Soc 464(3):3431–3463. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw2387. arXiv:1609.07241
Hamann F, Herbst H, Paris I, Capellupo D (2019) On the structure and energetics of quasar broad absorption-line outflows. Mon Not R Astron Soc 483(2):1808–1828. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty2900. arXiv:1810.03686
Hamer S, Salomé P, Combes F, Salomé Q (2015) MUSE discovers perpendicular arcs in the inner filament of Centaurus A. Astron Astrophys 575:L3. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201424808. arXiv:1409.7700
Hao L, Spoon HWW, Sloan GC, Marshall JA, Armus L, Tielens AGGM, Sargent B, van Bemmel IM, Charmandaris V, Weedman DW, Houck JR (2005) The detection of silicate emission from quasars at 10 and 18 microns. Astrophys J Lett 625(2):L75–L78. https://doi.org/10.1086/431227. arXiv:astro-ph/0504423
Harada N (2018) High-temperature chemistry in external galaxies. In: Cunningham M, Millar T, Aikawa Y (eds) IAU symposium, vol 332, pp 25–36. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1743921317006755, arXiv:1708.07269
Harada N, Sakamoto K, Martín S, Aalto S, Aladro R, Sliwa K (2018) ALMA astrochemical observations of the infrared-luminous merger NGC 3256. Astrophys J 855(1):49. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaaa70. arXiv:1801.05941
Harris GLH, Rejkuba M, Harris WE (2010) The distance to NGC 5128 (Centaurus A). Publ Astron Soc Australia 27(4):457–462. https://doi.org/10.1071/AS09061. arXiv:0911.3180
Harris J, Zaritsky D (2009) The star formation history of the large magellanic cloud. Astron J 138(5):1243–1260. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/138/5/1243. arXiv:0908.1422
Harrison CM (2017) Impact of supermassive black hole growth on star formation. Nature Astron 1:0165. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-017-0165. arXiv:1703.06889
Harrison CM, Costa T, Tadhunter CN, Flütsch A, Kakkad D, Perna M, Vietri G (2018) AGN outflows and feedback twenty years on. Nature Astron 2:198–205. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-018-0403-6. arXiv:1802.10306
Hartwig T, Volonteri M, Dashyan G (2018) Active galactic nucleus outflows in galaxy discs. Mon Not R Astron Soc 476(2):2288–2307. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty229. arXiv:1707.03826
Hawley JF, Krolik JH (2006) Magnetically driven jets in the kerr metric. Astrophys J 641(1):103–116. https://doi.org/10.1086/500385. arXiv:astro-ph/0512227
He Z, Wang T, Liu G, Wang H, Bian W, Tchernyshyov K, Mou G, Xu Y, Zhou H, Green R, Xu J (2019) The properties of broad absorption line outflows based on a large sample of quasars. Nature Astron. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-018-0669-8, arXiv:1812.08982
Heckman TM, Borthakur S (2016) The implications of extreme outflows from extreme starbursts. Astrophys J 822(1):9. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/822/1/9. arXiv:1603.03036
Heckman TM, Thompson TA (2017) A brief review of galactic winds. ArXiv e-prints arXiv:1701.09062
Heckman TM, Lehnert MD, Strickland DK, Armus L (2000) Absorption-line probes of gas and dust in galactic superwinds. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 129(2):493–516. https://doi.org/10.1086/313421. arXiv:astro-ph/0002526
Heckman TM, Borthakur S, Overzier R, Kauffmann G, Basu-Zych A, Leitherer C, Sembach K, Martin DC, Rich RM, Schiminovich D, Seibert M (2011) Extreme feedback and the epoch of reionization: clues in the local universe. Astrophys J 730(1):5. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/730/1/5. arXiv:1101.4219
Heckman TM, Alexandroff RM, Borthakur S, Overzier R, Leitherer C (2015) The systematic properties of the warm phase of starburst-driven galactic winds. Astrophys J 809(2):147. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/809/2/147. arXiv:1507.05622
Heesen V, Rafferty DA, Horneffer A, Beck R, Basu A, Westcott J, Hindson L, Brinks E, Chyzy KT, Scaife AMM, Brüggen M, Heald G, Fletcher A, Horellou C, Tabatabaei FS, Paladino R, Nikiel-Wroczyński B, Hoeft M, Dettmar RJ (2018) Exploring the making of a galactic wind in the starbursting dwarf irregular galaxy IC 10 with LOFAR. Mon Not R Astron Soc 476(2):1756–1764. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty325. arXiv:1802.01463
Heesen V, Whitler L, Schmidt P, Miskolczi A, Sridhar SS, Horellou C, Beck R, Gürkan G, Scannapieco E, Brüggen M, Heald GH, Krause M, Paladino R, Nikiel-Wroczyński B, Wilber A, Dettmar RJ (2019) Warped diffusive radio halo around the quiescent spiral edge-on galaxy NGC 4565. Astron Astrophys 628:L3. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201936046. arXiv:1907.07076
Heintz KE, Watson D, Jakobsson P, Fynbo JPU, Bolmer J, Arabsalmani M, Cano Z, Covino S, D’Elia V, Gomboc A, Japelj J, Kaper L, Krogager JK, Pugliese G, Sánchez-Ramírez R, Selsing J, Sparre M, Tanvir NR, Thöne CC, de Ugarte Postigo A, Vergani SD (2018) Highly ionized metals as probes of the circumburst gas in the natal regions of gamma-ray bursts. Mon Not R Astron Soc 479(3):3456–3476. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1447. arXiv:1806.01296
Henden NA, Puchwein E, Shen S, Sijacki D (2018) The FABLE simulations: a feedback model for galaxies, groups, and clusters. Mon Not R Astron Soc 479(4):5385–5412. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1780. arXiv:1804.05064
Henshaw JD, Longmore SN, Kruijssen JMD, Davies B, Bally J, Barnes A, Battersby C, Burton M, Cunningham MR, Dale JE, Ginsburg A, Immer K, Jones PA, Kendrew S, Mills EAC, Molinari S, Moore TJT, Ott J, Pillai T, Rathborne J, Schilke P, Schmiedeke A, Testi L, Walker D, Walsh A, Zhang Q (2016) Molecular gas kinematics within the central 250 pc of the Milky Way. Mon Not R Astron Soc 457(3):2675–2702. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw121. arXiv:1601.03732
Herrera-Camus R, Janssen A, Sturm E, Lutz D, Veilleux S, Davies R, Shimizu T, González-Alfonso E, Rupke DSN, Tacconi L, Genzel R, Cicone C, Maiolino R, Contursi A, Graciá-Carpio J (2019a) AGN feedback in a galaxy merger: multi-phase, galaxy-scale outflows including a fast molecular gas blob \(\sim 6\) kpc away from IRAS F08572+3915. ArXiv e-prints arXiv:1911.06326
Herrera-Camus R, Tacconi L, Genzel R, Förster Schreiber N, Lutz D, Bolatto A, Wuyts S, Renzini A, Lilly S, Belli S, Übler H, Shimizu T, Davies R, Sturm E, Combes F, Freundlich J, García-Burillo S, Cox P, Burkert A, Naab T, Colina L, Saintonge A, Cooper M, Feruglio C, Weiss A (2019b) Molecular and ionized gas phases of an AGN-driven outflow in a typical massive galaxy at \(\text{ z } \approx 2\). Astrophys J 871(1):37. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaf6a7. arXiv:1807.07074
Herrera-Camus R, Sturm E, Graciá-Carpio J, Veilleux S, Shimizu T, Lutz D, Stone M, González-Alfonso E, Davies R, Fischer J, Genzel R, Maiolino R, Sternberg A, Tacconi L, Verma A (2020) Molecular gas inflows and outflows in ultraluminous infrared galaxies at z \(\approx \) 0.2 and one QSO at \(z=6.1\). Astron Astrophys 633:L4. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201937109. arXiv:1912.05548
Heywood I, Camilo F, Cotton WD, Yusef-Zadeh F, Abbott TD, Adam RM, Aldera MA, Bauermeister EF, Booth RS, Botha AG, Botha DH, Brederode LRS, Brits ZB, Buchner SJ, Burger JP, Chalmers JM, Cheetham T, de Villiers D, Dikgale-Mahlakoana MA, du Toit LJ, Esterhuyse SWP, Fanaroff BL, Foley AR, Fourie DJ, Gamatham RRG, Goedhart S, Gounden S, Hlakola MJ, Hoek CJ, Hokwana A, Horn DM, Horrell JMG, Hugo B, Isaacson AR, Jonas JL, Jordaan JDBL, Joubert AF, Józsa GIG, Julie RPM, Kapp FB, Kenyon JS, Kotzé PPA, Kriel H, Kusel TW, Lehmensiek R, Liebenberg D, Loots A, Lord RT, Lunsky BM, Macfarlane PS, Magnus LG, Magozore CM, Mahgoub O, Main JPL, Malan JA, Malgas RD, Manley JR, Maree MDJ, Merry B, Millenaar R, Mnyandu N, Moeng IPT, Monama TE, Mphego MC, New WS, Ngcebetsha B, Oozeer N, Otto AJ, Passmoor SS, Pate AA, Peens-Hough A, Perkins SJ, Ratcliffe SM, Renil R, Rust A, Salie S, Schwardt LC, Serylak M, Siebrits R, Sirothia SK, Smirnov OM, Sofeya L, Swart PS, Tasse C, Taylor DT, Theron IP, Thorat K, Tiplad AJ, Tshongweni S, van Balla TJ, van der Byl A, van der Merwe C, van Dyk CL, Van Rooyen R, Van Tonder V, Van Wyk R, Wallace BH, Welz MG, Williams LP (2019) Inflation of 430-parsec bipolar radio bubbles in the Galactic Centre by an energetic event. Nature 573:235–237. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1532-5. arXiv:1909.05534
Hinkle JT, Veilleux S, Rupke DSN (2019) Ionization mechanisms in quasar outflows. Astrophys J 881(1):31. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab2bfa. arXiv:1906.10249
Hirashita H, Lin CY (2018) Dust abundance and grain size in galaxy halos. ArXiv e-prints arXiv:1804.00848
Hodges-Kluck E, Bregman JN (2014) Detection of ultraviolet halos around highly inclined galaxies. Astrophys J 789(2):131. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/789/2/131. arXiv:1401.4170
Hodges-Kluck E, Cafmeyer J, Bregman JN (2016a) Ultraviolet halos around spiral galaxies. I. Morphology. Astrophys J 833(1):58. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/833/1/58. arXiv:1610.02404
Hodges-Kluck EJ, Miller MJ, Bregman JN (2016b) The rotation of the hot gas around the Milky Way. Astrophys J 822(1):21. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/822/1/21. arXiv:1603.07734
Hollenbach D, Salpeter EE (1971) Surface recombination of hydrogen molecules. Astrophys J 163:155. https://doi.org/10.1086/150754
Hollenbach DJ, Tielens AGGM (1999) Photodissociation regions in the interstellar medium of galaxies. Rev Mod Phys 71(1):173–230. https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.71.173
Hollyhead K, Bastian N, Adamo A, Silva-Villa E, Dale J, Ryon JE, Gazak Z (2015) Studying the YMC population of M83: how long clusters remain embedded, their interaction with the ISM and implications for GC formation theories. Mon Not R Astron Soc 449(1):1106–1117. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv331. arXiv:1502.03823
Hönig SF, Kishimoto M (2017) Dusty winds in active galactic nuclei: reconciling observations with models. Astrophys J Lett 838(2):L20. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa6838. arXiv:1703.07781
Hönig SF, Kishimoto M, Antonucci R, Marconi A, Prieto MA, Tristram K, Weigelt G (2012) Parsec-scale dust emission from the polar region in the type 2 nucleus of NGC 424. Astrophys J 755(2):149. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/755/2/149. arXiv:1206.4307
Hönig SF, Kishimoto M, Tristram KRW, Prieto MA, Gandhi P, Asmus D, Antonucci R, Burtscher L, Duschl WJ, Weigelt G (2013) Dust in the polar region as a major contributor to the infrared emission of active galactic nuclei. Astrophys J 771(2):87. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/771/2/87. arXiv:1306.4312
Hoopes CG, Sembach KR, Howk JC, Savage BD, Fullerton AW (2002) A far ultraviolet spectroscopic explorer survey of interstellar O VI absorption in the small magellanic cloud. Astrophys J 569(1):233–244. https://doi.org/10.1086/339323
Hoopes CG, Heckman TM, Strickland DK, Seibert M, Madore BF, Rich RM, Bianchi L, Gil de Paz A, Burgarella D, Thilker DA, Friedman PG, Barlow TA, Byun YI, Donas J, Forster K, Jelinsky PN, Lee YW, Malina RF, Martin DC, Milliard B, Morrissey PF, Neff SG, Schiminovich D, Siegmund OHW, Small T, Szalay AS, Welsh BY, Wyder TK (2005) GALEX observations of the ultraviolet halos of NGC 253 and M82. Astrophys J Lett 619(1):L99–L102. https://doi.org/10.1086/423032. arXiv:astro-ph/0411309
Hopkins PF, Elvis M (2010) Quasar feedback: more bang for your buck. Mon Not R Astron Soc 401(1):7–14. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15643.x. arXiv:0904.0649
Hopkins PF, Grudić MY (2019) Numerical problems in coupling photon momentum (radiation pressure) to gas. Mon Not R Astron Soc 483(3):4187–4196. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty3089. arXiv:1803.07573
Hopkins PF, Quataert E, Murray N (2012) Stellar feedback in galaxies and the origin of galaxy-scale winds. Mon Not R Astron Soc 421(4):3522–3537. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20593.x. arXiv:1110.4638
Hopkins PF, Kereš D, Onorbe J, Faucher-Giguère CA, Quataert E, Murray N, Bullock JS (2014) Galaxies on FIRE (feedback in realistic environments): stellar feedback explains cosmologically inefficient star formation. Mon Not R Astron Soc 445(1):581–603. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu1738. arXiv:1311.2073
Hopkins PF, Torrey P, Faucher-Giguère CA, Quataert E, Murray N (2016) Stellar and quasar feedback in concert: effects on AGN accretion, obscuration, and outflows. Mon Not R Astron Soc 458(1):816–831. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw289. arXiv:1504.05209
Hopkins PF, Grudić MY, Wetzel A, Kereš D, Faucher-Giguère C-A, Ma X, Murray N, Butcher N (2020) Radiative stellar feedback in galaxy formation: methods and physics. Mon Not R Astron Soc 491(3):3702–3729. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3129. arXiv:1811.12462
Hopkins PF, Wetzel A, Kereš D, Faucher-Giguère CA, Quataert E, Boylan-Kolchin M, Murray N, Hayward CC, Garrison-Kimmel S, Hummels C, Feldmann R, Torrey P, Ma X, Anglés-Alcázar D, Su KY, Orr M, Schmitz D, Escala I, Sanderson R, Grudić MY, Hafen Z, Kim JH, Fitts A, Bullock JS, Wheeler C, Chan TK, Elbert OD, Narayanan D (2018) FIRE-2 simulations: physics versus numerics in galaxy formation. Mon Not R Astron Soc 480(1):800–863. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1690. arXiv:1702.06148
Howk JC, Savage BD (1997) Extraplanar dust in the edge-on spiral NGC 891. Astron J 114:2463. https://doi.org/10.1086/118660. arXiv:astro-ph/9709197
Howk JC, Savage BD (1999) A search for extraplanar dust in nearby edge-on spirals. Astron J 117(5):2077–2101. https://doi.org/10.1086/300857. arXiv:astro-ph/9902061
Howk JC, Savage BD (2000) The multiphase halo of NGC 891: WIYN \(\text{ H }\alpha \) and BVI imaging. Astron J 119(2):644–667. https://doi.org/10.1086/301210. arXiv:astro-ph/9910248
Howk JC, Sembach KR, Savage BD, Massa D, Friedman SD, Fullerton AW (2002) The global content, distribution, and kinematics of interstellar O VI in the large magellanic cloud. Astrophys J 569(1):214–232. https://doi.org/10.1086/339322. arXiv:astro-ph/0111566
Hsieh PY, Ho PTP, Hwang CY, Shimajiri Y, Matsushita S, Koch PM, Iono D (2016) The fossil nuclear outflow in the central 30 pc of the galactic center. Astrophys J 831(1):72. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/831/1/72. arXiv:1607.03673
Hu CY, Zhukovska S, Somerville RS, Naab T (2019) Thermal and non-thermal dust sputtering in hydrodynamical simulations of the multiphase interstellar medium. Mon Not R Astron Soc 487(3):3252–3269. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1481. arXiv:1902.01368
Huang X, Davis SW, Zhang D (2019) Dusty cloud acceleration with multiband radiation. ArXiv e-prints arXiv:1908.01775
Hummels CB, Smith BD, Silvia DW (2017) Trident: a universal tool for generating synthetic absorption spectra from astrophysical simulations. Astrophys J 847(1):59. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa7e2d. arXiv:1612.03935
Humphreys RM, Davidson K, Jones TJ, Pogge RW, Grammer SH, Prieto JL, Pritchard TA (2012) The unusual temporal and spectral evolution of SN2011ht. II. Peculiar type IIn or impostor? Astrophys J 760(1):93. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/760/1/93. arXiv:1207.5755
Hutton S, Ferreras I, Wu K, Kuin P, Breeveld A, Yershov V, Cropper M, Page M (2014) A panchromatic analysis of starburst galaxy M82: probing the dust properties. Mon Not R Astron Soc 440(1):150–160. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu185. arXiv:1401.7669
Imanishi M, Nakanishi K, Izumi T (2016) ALMA investigation of vibrationally excited \(\text{ HCN/HCO }^{+}/\text{ HNC }\) emission lines in the AGN-hosting ultraluminous infrared galaxy IRAS 20551–4250. Astrophys J 825(1):44. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/44. arXiv:1605.00644
Impellizzeri CMV, Gallimore JF, Baum SA, Elitzur M, Davies R, Lutz D, Maiolino R, Marconi A, Nikutta R, O’Dea CP, Sani E (2019) Counter-rotation and high-velocity outflow in the parsec-scale molecular torus of NGC 1068. Astrophys J Lett 884:L28. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab3c64. arXiv:1908.07981
Indriolo N, Geballe TR, Oka T, McCall BJ (2007) \(\text{ H }^{+}_{3}\) in diffuse interstellar clouds: a tracer for the cosmic-ray ionization rate. Astrophys J 671(2):1736–1747. https://doi.org/10.1086/523036. arXiv:0709.1114
Irons WT, Lacy JH, Richter MJ (2012) Ionized gas in the galactic center: new observations and interpretation. Astrophys J 755(2):90. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/755/2/90. arXiv:1206.2650
Irwin JA, Madden SC (2006) Discovery of PAHs in the halo of NGC 5907. Astron Astrophys 445(1):123–141. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20053233. arXiv:astro-ph/0509726
Irwin JA, Kennedy H, Parkin T, Madden S (2007) PAHs in the halo of NGC 5529. Astron Astrophys 474(2):461–472. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20077729. arXiv:0708.3808
Ishibashi W, Fabian AC (2012) Active galactic nucleus feedback and triggering of star formation in galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 427(4):2998–3005. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22074.x. arXiv:1209.1480
Ishibashi W, Fabian AC (2015) AGN feedback: galactic-scale outflows driven by radiation pressure on dust. Mon Not R Astron Soc 451(1):93–102. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv944. arXiv:1504.07393
Ishibashi W, Fabian AC (2017) Ultramassive black hole feedback in compact galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 472(3):2768–2772. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx2212. arXiv:1709.01551
Ishibashi W, Fabian AC (2018) Variations on a theme of AGN-driven outflows: luminosity evolution and ambient density distribution. Mon Not R Astron Soc 481(4):4522–4531. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty2617. arXiv:1809.07804
Ishibashi W, Fabian AC, Canning REA (2013) Can AGN feedback-driven star formation explain the size evolution of massive galaxies? Mon Not R Astron Soc 431(3):2350–2355. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stt333. arXiv:1302.4998
Ishibashi W, Banerji M, Fabian AC (2017) AGN radiative feedback in dusty quasar populations. Mon Not R Astron Soc 469(2):1496–1501. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx921. arXiv:1704.03712
Ishibashi W, Fabian AC, Maiolino R (2018a) The energetics of AGN radiation pressure-driven outflows. Mon Not R Astron Soc 476(1):512–519. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty236. arXiv:1801.09700
Ishibashi W, Fabian AC, Ricci C, Celotti A (2018b) Revisiting the ‘forbidden’ region: AGN radiative feedback with radiation trapping. Mon Not R Astron Soc 479(3):3335–3342. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1620. arXiv:1806.08387
Israel FP, Rosenberg MJF, van der Werf P (2015) Neutral carbon and CO in 76 (U)LIRGs and starburst galaxy centers. A method to determine molecular gas properties in luminous galaxies. Astron Astrophys 578:A95. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201425175. arXiv:1504.08005
Janssen AW, Christopher N, Sturm E, Veilleux S, Contursi A, González-Alfonso E, Fischer J, Davies R, Verma A, Graciá-Carpio J, Genzel R, Lutz D, Sternberg A, Tacconi L, Burtscher L, Poglitsch A (2016) Broad [C II] line wings as tracer of molecular and multi-phase outflows in infrared bright galaxies. Astrophys J 822(1):43. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/822/1/43. arXiv:1604.00185
Jenkins EB (2009) A unified representation of gas-phase element depletions in the interstellar medium. Astrophys J 700(2):1299–1348. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/700/2/1299. arXiv:0905.3173
Jenkins EB, Tripp TM (2001) The distribution of thermal pressures in the interstellar medium from a survey of C I fine-structure excitation. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 137(2):297–340. https://doi.org/10.1086/323326. arXiv:astro-ph/0107177
Jiang YF, Stone JM, Davis SW (2014) A global three-dimensional radiation magneto-hydrodynamic simulation of super-eddington accretion disks. Astrophys J 796(2):106. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/796/2/106. arXiv:1410.0678
Jiao Q, Zhao Y, Zhu M, Lu N, Gao Y, Zhang ZY (2017) Neutral carbon emission in luminous infrared galaxies: the [C I] lines as total molecular gas tracers. Astrophys J Lett 840(2):L18. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa6f0f. arXiv:1704.07780
Jo YS, Ki Seon, Shinn JH, Yang Y, Lee D, Min KW (2018) Comparison of the extraplanar \(\text{ H }\alpha \) and UV emissions in the halos of nearby edge-on spiral galaxies. Astrophys J 862(1):25. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aacbca. arXiv:1806.06525
Johnson SD, Chen HW, Mulchaey JS (2015) On the origin of excess cool gas in quasar host haloes. Mon Not R Astron Soc 452(3):2553–2565. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1481. arXiv:1505.07838
Johnson SD, Chen HW, Mulchaey JS, Schaye J, Straka LA (2017) The extent of chemically enriched gas around star-forming dwarf galaxies. Astrophys J Lett 850(1):L10. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa9370. arXiv:1710.06441
Jones AP (1988) Modelling interstellar extinction. I–porous grains. Mon Not R Astron Soc 234:209–218. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/234.2.209
Jones AP, Tielens AGGM, Hollenbach DJ, McKee CF (1994) Grain destruction in shocks in the interstellar medium. Astrophys J 433:797. https://doi.org/10.1086/174689
Jones GC, Maiolino R, Caselli P, Carniani S (2019a) Detection of a high-redshift molecular outflow in a primeval hyperstarburst galaxy. Astron Astrophys 632:L7. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201936989. arXiv:1911.09967
Jones T, Stark DP, Ellis RS (2018) Dust in the wind: composition and kinematics of galaxy outflows at the peak epoch of star formation. Astrophys J 863(2):191. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aad37f. arXiv:1805.01484
Jones TJ, Dowell CD, Lopez Rodriguez E, Zweibel EG, Berthoud M, Chuss DT, Goldsmith PF, Hamilton RT, Hanany S, Harper DA, Lazarian A, Looney LW, Michail JM, Morris MR, Novak G, Santos FP, Sheth K, Stacey GJ, Staguhn J, Stephens IW, Tassis K, Trinh CQ, Volpert CG, Werner M, Wollack EJ, HAWC+ Science Team (2019b) SOFIA far-infrared imaging polarimetry of M82 and NGC 253: exploring the supergalactic wind. Astrophys J Lett 870(1):L9. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aaf8b9. arXiv:1812.06816
Kacprzak GG, Churchill CW, Nielsen NM (2012) Tracing outflows and accretion: a bimodal azimuthal dependence of Mg II absorption. Astrophys J Lett 760(1):L7. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/760/1/L7. arXiv:1205.0245
Kacprzak GG, Martin CL, Bouché N, Churchill CW, Cooke J, LeReun A, Schroetter I, Ho SH, Klimek E (2014) New perspective on galaxy outflows from the first detection of both intrinsic and traverse metal-line absorption. Astrophys J Lett 792(1):L12. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/792/1/L12. arXiv:1407.4126
Kacprzak GG, Pointon SK, Nielsen NM, Churchill CW, Muzahid S, Charlton JC (2019) The relationship between galaxy ISM and circumgalactic gas metallicities. Astrophys J 886:91. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab4c3c. arXiv:1910.04310
Kallivayalil N, van der Marel RP, Alcock C (2006) Is the SMC bound to the LMC? The Hubble Space Telescope proper motion of the SMC. Astrophys J 652(2):1213–1229. https://doi.org/10.1086/508014. arXiv:astro-ph/0606240
Kamenetzky J, Rangwala N, Glenn J, Maloney PR, Conley A (2016) \(L^\prime _{{\rm CO}}/L_{{\rm FIR}}\) relations with CO rotational ladders of galaxies across the Herschel SPIRE archive. Astrophys J 829(2):93. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/829/2/93. arXiv:1508.05102
Kamenetzky J, Privon GC, Narayanan D (2018) Recovering the physical properties of molecular gas in galaxies from CO SLED modeling. Astrophys J 859(1):9. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aab3e2. arXiv:1803.07084
Kant I (1755) Universal Natural history and theory of the heavens
Kapińska AD, Staveley-Smith L, Crocker R, Meurer GR, Bhandari S, Hurley-Walker N, Offringa AR, Hanish DJ, Seymour N, Ekers RD, Bell ME, Callingham JR, Dwarakanath KS, For BQ, Gaensler BM, Hancock PJ, Hindson L, Johnston-Hollitt M, Lenc E, McKinley B, Morgan J, Procopio P, Wayth RB, Wu C, Zheng Q, Barry N, Beardsley AP, Bowman JD, Briggs F, Carroll P, Dillon JS, Ewall-Wice A, Feng L, Greenhill LJ, Hazelton BJ, Hewitt JN, Jacobs DJ, Kim HS, Kittiwisit P, Line J, Loeb A, Mitchell DA, Morales MF, Neben AR, Paul S, Pindor B, Pober JC, Riding J, Sethi SK, Udaya Shankar N, Subrahmanyan R, Sullivan IS, Tegmark M, Thyagarajan N, Tingay SJ, Trott CM, Webster RL, Wyithe SB, Cappallo RJ, Deshpande AA, Kaplan DL, Lonsdale CJ, McWhirter SR, Morgan E, Oberoi D, Ord SM, Prabu T, Srivani KS, Williams A, Williams CL (2017) Spectral energy distribution and radio halo of NGC 253 at low radio frequencies. Astrophys J 838(1):68. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa5f5d. arXiv:1702.02434
Karim MT, Fox AJ, Jenkins EB, Bordoloi R, Wakker BP, Savage BD, Lockman FJ, Crawford SM, Jorgenson RA, Bland-Hawthorn J (2018) Probing the southern Fermi bubble in ultraviolet absorption using distant AGNs. Astrophys J 860(2):98. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aac167. arXiv:1804.10617
Karman W, Grillo C, Balestra I, Rosati P, Caputi KI, Di Teodoro E, Fraternali F, Gavazzi R, Mercurio A, Prochaska JX, Rodney S, Treu T (2016) Highly ionized region surrounding SN Refsdal revealed by MUSE. Astron Astrophys 585:A27. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201527443. arXiv:1509.07515
Kassin SA, Weiner BJ, Faber SM, Koo DC, Lotz JM, Diemand J, Harker JJ, Bundy K, Metevier AJ, Phillips AC, Cooper MC, Croton DJ, Konidaris N, Noeske KG, Willmer CNA (2007) The stellar mass Tully-Fisher relation to z = 1.2 from AEGIS. Astrophys J Lett 660(1):L35–L38. https://doi.org/10.1086/517932. arXiv:astro-ph/0702643
Kaufman MJ, Wolfire MG, Hollenbach DJ, Luhman ML (1999) Far-infrared and submillimeter emission from galactic and extragalactic photodissociation regions. Astrophys J 527(2):795–813. https://doi.org/10.1086/308102. arXiv:astro-ph/9907255
Kazandjian MV, Meijerink R, Pelupessy I, Israel FP, Spaans M (2012) Diagnostics of the molecular component of photon-dominated regions with mechanical heating. Astron Astrophys 542:A65. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201118641. arXiv:1203.5058
Keeney BA, Danforth CW, Stocke JT, Penton SV, Shull JM, Sembach KR (2006) Does the milky way produce a nuclear galactic wind? Astrophys J 646(2):951–964. https://doi.org/10.1086/505128. arXiv:astro-ph/0604323
Keeney BA, Stocke JT, Danforth CW, Shull JM, Pratt CT, Froning CS, Green JC, Penton SV, Savage BD (2017) Characterizing the circumgalactic medium of nearby galaxies with HST/COS and HST/STIS absorption-line spectroscopy. II. Methods and models. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 230(1):6. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aa6b59. arXiv:1704.00235
Keller BW, Kruijssen JMD, Wadsley JW (2019) Entropy driven winds: outflows and fountains lifted gently by buoyancy. ArXiv e-prints arXiv:1909.00815
Kennicutt RC, Evans NJ (2012) Star formation in the milky way and nearby galaxies. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 50:531–608. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-081811-125610. arXiv:1204.3552
Kewley LJ, Nicholls DC, Sutherland RS (2019) Understanding galaxy evolution through emission lines. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 57:511–570. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-081817-051832. arXiv:1910.09730
Kim CG, Ostriker EC (2015) Momentum injection by supernovae in the interstellar medium. Astrophys J 802(2):99. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/802/2/99. arXiv:1410.1537
Kim CG, Ostriker EC (2018) Numerical simulations of multiphase winds and fountains from star-forming galactic disks. I. Solar neighborhood TIGRESS model. Astrophys J 853(2):173. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaa5ff. arXiv:1801.03952
Kim S, Staveley-Smith L, Dopita MA, Freeman KC, Sault RJ, Kesteven MJ, McConnell D (1998) An H I aperture synthesis mosaic of the large magellanic cloud. Astrophys J 503(2):674–688. https://doi.org/10.1086/306030
Kim S, Dopita MA, Staveley-Smith L, Bessell MS (1999) H I shells in the large magellanic cloud. Astron J 118(6):2797–2823. https://doi.org/10.1086/301116
Kim S, Staveley-Smith L, Dopita MA, Sault RJ, Freeman KC, Lee Y, Chu YH (2003) A neutral hydrogen survey of the large magellanic cloud: aperture synthesis and multibeam data combined. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 148(2):473–486. https://doi.org/10.1086/376980
Kimm T, Cen R, Devriendt J, Dubois Y, Slyz A (2015) Towards simulating star formation in turbulent high-z galaxies with mechanical supernova feedback. Mon Not R Astron Soc 451(3):2900–2921. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1211. arXiv:1501.05655
Kimm T, Blaizot J, Garel T, Michel-Dansac L, Katz H, Rosdahl J, Verhamme A, Haehnelt M (2019) Understanding the escape of LyC and \(\text{ Ly }\alpha \) photons from turbulent clouds. Mon Not R Astron Soc 486(2):2215–2237. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz989. arXiv:1901.05990
Kimura H, Mann I, Biesecker DA, Jessberger EK (2002) Dust grains in the comae and tails of sungrazing comets: modeling of their mineralogical and morphological properties. Icarus 159(2):529–541. https://doi.org/10.1006/icar.2002.6940
King A (2003) Black holes, galaxy formation, and the \(\text{ M }_{BH}\)-\(\sigma \) relation. Astrophys J Lett 596(1):L27–L29. https://doi.org/10.1086/379143. arXiv:astro-ph/0308342
King A, Pounds K (2015) Powerful outflows and feedback from active galactic nuclei. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 53:115–154. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-082214-122316. arXiv:1503.05206
King AR (2010) Black hole outflows. Mon Not R Astron Soc 402(3):1516–1522. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.16013.x. arXiv:0911.1639
Klein RI, McKee CF, Colella P (1994) On the hydrodynamic interaction of shock waves with interstellar clouds. I. Nonradiative shocks in small clouds. Astrophys J 420:213. https://doi.org/10.1086/173554
Kochanek CS (2011) The astrophysical implications of dust formation during the eruptions of hot. Massive stars. Astrophys J 743(1):73. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/743/1/73. arXiv:1109.2596
Koratkar A, Blaes O (1999) The ultraviolet and optical continuum emission in active galactic nuclei: the status of accretion disks. Publ Astron Soc Pac 111(755):1–30. https://doi.org/10.1086/316294
Kormendy J, Ho LC (2013) Coevolution (or not) of supermassive black holes and host galaxies. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 51(1):511–653. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-082708-101811. arXiv:1304.7762
Kornei KA, Shapley AE, Martin CL, Coil AL, Lotz JM, Schiminovich D, Bundy K, Noeske KG (2012) The properties and prevalence of galactic outflows at \(z \sim 1\) in the extended groth strip. Astrophys J 758(2):135. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/758/2/135. arXiv:1205.0812
Kornei KA, Shapley AE, Martin CL, Coil AL, Lotz JM, Weiner BJ (2013) Fine-structure Fe II* emission and resonant Mg II emission in \(z \sim 1\) star-forming galaxies. Astrophys J 774(1):50. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/774/1/50. arXiv:1302.6997
Koudmani S, Sijacki D, Bourne MA, Smith MC (2019) Fast and energetic AGN-driven outflows in simulated dwarf galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 484(2):2047–2066. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz097. arXiv:1812.04629
Koyama K, Maeda Y, Sonobe T, Takeshima T, Tanaka Y, Yamauchi S (1996) ASCA view of our galactic center: remains of past activities in X-rays? Publ Astron Soc Japan 48:249–255. https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/48.2.249
Kreckel K, Armus L, Groves B, Lyubenova M, Díaz-Santos T, Schinnerer E, Appleton P, Croxall KV, Dale DA, Hunt LK, Beirao P, Bolatto AD, Calzetti D, Donovan Meyer J, Draine BT, Hinz J, Kennicutt RC, Meidt S, Murphy EJ, Smith JDT, Tabatabaei FS, Walter F (2014) A far-IR view of the starburst-driven superwind in NGC 2146. Astrophys J 790(1):26. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/790/1/26. arXiv:1403.2381
Krieger N, Bolatto AD, Walter F, Leroy AK, Zschaechner LK, Meier DS, Ott J, Weiss A, Mills EAC, Levy RC, Veilleux S, Gorski M (2019) The molecular outflow in NGC 253 at a resolution of two parsecs. Astrophys J 881(1):43. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab2d9c. arXiv:1907.00731
Krips M, Martín S, Eckart A, Neri R, García-Burillo S, Matsushita S, Peck A, Stoklasová I, Petitpas G, Usero A, Combes F, Schinnerer E, Humphreys E, Baker AJ (2011) Submillimeter array/plateau de Bure interferometer multiple line observations of the nearby Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 1068: shock-related gas kinematics and heating in the central 100 pc? Astrophys J 736(1):37. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/736/1/37. arXiv:1105.6089
Krug HB, Rupke DSN, Veilleux S (2010) Neutral gas outflows and inflows in infrared-faint seyfert galaxies. Astrophys J 708(2):1145–1161. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/708/2/1145. arXiv:0911.3897
Kruijssen JMD, Longmore SN (2014) An uncertainty principle for star formation—I. Why galactic star formation relations break down below a certain spatial scale. Mon Not R Astron Soc 439(4):3239–3252. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu098. arXiv:1401.4459
Kruijssen JMD, Dale JE, Longmore SN (2015) The dynamical evolution of molecular clouds near the galactic centre—I. Orbital structure and evolutionary timeline. Mon Not R Astron Soc 447(2):1059–1079. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu2526. arXiv:1412.0664
Kruijssen JMD, Schruba A, Chevance M, Longmore SN, AePS Hygate, Haydon DT, McLeod AF, Dalcanton JJ, Tacconi LJ, van Dishoeck EF (2019) Fast and inefficient star formation due to short-lived molecular clouds and rapid feedback. Nature 569(7757):519–522. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1194-3. arXiv:1905.08801
Krumholz MR (2018) Resolution requirements and resolution problems in simulations of radiative feedback in dusty gas. Mon Not R Astron Soc 480(3):3468–3482. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty2105. arXiv:1805.00210
Krumholz MR, Thompson TA (2013) Numerical simulations of radiatively driven dusty winds. Mon Not R Astron Soc 434(3):2329–2346. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stt1174. arXiv:1302.4440
Krumholz MR, Kruijssen JMD, Crocker RM (2017a) A dynamical model for gas flows, star formation and nuclear winds in galactic centres. Mon Not R Astron Soc 466(1):1213–1233. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw3195. arXiv:1605.02850
Krumholz MR, Thompson TA, Ostriker EC, Martin CL (2017b) The observable properties of cool winds from galaxies, AGN, and star clusters—I. Theoretical framework. Mon Not R Astron Soc 471(4):4061–4086. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx1882. arXiv:1702.05102
Krumholz MR, McKee CF, Bland-Hawthorn J (2019) Star clusters across cosmic time. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 57:227–303. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-091918-104430. arXiv:1812.01615
Kulkarni VP, Som D, Morrison S, Péroux C, Quiret S, York DG (2015) Keck and VLT observations of super-damped Lyman-alpha absorbers at \(z \sim 2\)–\(2.5\): constraints on chemical compositions and physical conditions. Astrophys J 815(1):24. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/815/1/24. arXiv:1510.05342
Lacy JH, Achtermann JM, Serabyn E (1991) Galactic center gasdynamics: a one-armed spiral in a Keplerian disk. Astrophys J Lett 380:L71. https://doi.org/10.1086/186176
Lakićević M, van Loon JT, Meixner M, Gordon K, Bot C, Roman-Duval J, Babler B, Bolatto A, Engelbracht C, Filipović M, Hony S, Indebetouw R, Misselt K, Montiel E, Okumura K, Panuzzo P, Patat F, Sauvage M, Seale J, Sonneborn G, Temim T, Urošević D, Zanardo G (2015) The influence of supernova remnants on the interstellar medium in the large magellanic cloud seen at 20–600 \(\mu \text{ m }\) wavelengths. Astrophys J 799(1):50. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/799/1/50. arXiv:1410.5709
Lan TW (2019) The co-evolution of galaxies and the cool circumgalactic medium probed with the SDSS and DESI legacy imaging surveys. ArXiv e-prints arXiv:1911.01271
Lan TW, Mo H (2018) The circumgalactic medium of eBOSS emission line galaxies: signatures of galactic outflows in gas distribution and kinematics. Astrophys J 866(1):36. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aadc08. arXiv:1806.05786
Lan TW, Ménard B, Zhu G (2014) The properties of the cool circumgalactic gas probed with the SDSS, WISE, and GALEX surveys. Astrophys J 795(1):31. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/795/1/31. arXiv:1404.5301
Langer WD, Pineda JL (2015) [C ii] emission from galactic nuclei in the presence of X-rays. Astron Astrophys 580:A5. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201525950. arXiv:1505.02777
Lau MW, Prochaska JX, Hennawi JF (2016) Quasars probing quasars. VIII. The physical properties of the cool circumgalactic medium surrounding \(z \sim 2\)–\(3\) massive galaxies hosting quasars. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 226(2):25. https://doi.org/10.3847/0067-0049/226/2/25. arXiv:1510.06018
Lau MW, Prochaska JX, Hennawi JF (2018) Quasars probing quasars. IX. The kinematics of the circumgalactic medium surrounding \(z \sim 2\) quasars. Astrophys J 857(2):126. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aab78e. arXiv:1705.03476
Laursen P, Sommer-Larsen J, Andersen AC (2009) \(\text{ Ly }\alpha \) radiative transfer with dust: escape fractions from simulated high-redshift galaxies. Astrophys J 704(2):1640–1656. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/704/2/1640. arXiv:0907.2698
Le Bourlot J, Le Petit F, Pinto C, Roueff E, Roy F (2012) Surface chemistry in the interstellar medium. I. \(\text{ H }_{2}\) formation by Langmuir–Hinshelwood and Eley–Rideal mechanisms. Astron Astrophys 541:A76. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201118126. arXiv:1202.0374
Leaman R, Fragkoudi F, Querejeta M, Leung GYC, Gadotti DA, Husemann B, Falcón-Barroso J, Sánchez-Blázquez P, van de Ven G, Kim T, Coelho P, Lyubenova M, de Lorenzo-Cáceres A, Martig M, Martinez-Valpuesta I, Neumann J, Pérez I, Seidel M (2019) Survival of molecular gas in a stellar feedback-driven outflow witnessed with the MUSE TIMER project and ALMA. Mon Not R Astron Soc 488(3):3904–3928. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1844. arXiv:1907.13142
Leftley JH, Hönig SF, Asmus D, Tristram KRW, Gandhi P, Kishimoto M, Venanzi M, Williamson DJ (2019) Parsec-scale dusty winds in active galactic nuclei: evidence for radiation pressure driving. Astrophys J 886:55. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab4a0b. arXiv:1910.00600
Lehner N, Howk JC (2007) Highly ionized plasma in the Large Magellanic Cloud: evidence for outflows and a possible galactic wind. Mon Not R Astron Soc 377(2):687–704. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.11631.x. arXiv:astro-ph/0702427
Lehner N, Staveley-Smith L, Howk JC (2009) Properties and origin of the high-velocity gas toward the Large Magellanic Cloud. Astrophys J 702(2):940–954. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/702/2/940. arXiv:0907.2416
Lehner N, Howk JC, Tripp TM, Tumlinson J, Prochaska JX, O’Meara JM, Thom C, Werk JK, Fox AJ, Ribaudo J (2013) The bimodal metallicity distribution of the cool circumgalactic medium at \(z \lesssim 1\). Astrophys J 770(2):138. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/770/2/138. arXiv:1302.5424
Lehner N, Wotta CB, Howk JC, O’Meara JM, Oppenheimer BD, Cooksey KL (2019) The COS CGM compendium. III: metallicity and physical properties of the cool circumgalactic medium at \(\text{ z }<1\). Astrophys J 887:5. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab41fd. arXiv:1902.10147
Lehnert MD, Heckman TM, Weaver KA (1999) Very extended X-ray and \(\text{ H }\alpha \) emission in M82: implications for the superwind phenomenon. Astrophys J 523(2):575–584. https://doi.org/10.1086/307762. arXiv:astro-ph/9904227
Leibler CN, Cantalupo S, Holden BP, Madau P (2018) The detection of intergalactic H \(\alpha \) emission from the Slug Nebula at \(z \sim 2.3\). Mon Not R Astron Soc 480(2):2094–2108. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1764. arXiv:1807.00054
Leighly KM, Terndrup DM, Baron E, Lucy AB, Dietrich M, Gallagher SC (2014) Evidence for active galactic nucleus feedback in the broad absorption lines and reddening of Mrk 231. Astrophys J 788(2):123. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/788/2/123. arXiv:1404.6795
Leitherer C, Schaerer D, Goldader JD, Delgado RMG, Robert C, Kune DF, de Mello DF, Devost D, Heckman TM (1999) Starburst99: synthesis models for galaxies with active star formation. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 123(1):3–40. https://doi.org/10.1086/313233. arXiv:astro-ph/9902334
Leitherer C, Chandar R, Tremonti CA, Wofford A, Schaerer D (2013) Far-ultraviolet observations of outflows from infrared-luminous galaxies. Astrophys J 772(2):120. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/772/2/120. arXiv:1306.0419
Leroy AK, Bolatto AD, Ostriker EC, Rosolowsky E, Walter F, Warren SR, Donovan Meyer J, Hodge J, Meier DS, Ott J, Sandstrom K, Schruba A, Veilleux S, Zwaan M (2015a) ALMA reveals the molecular medium fueling the nearest nuclear starburst. Astrophys J 801(1):25. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/801/1/25. arXiv:1411.2836
Leroy AK, Walter F, Martini P, Roussel H, Sandstrom K, Ott J, Weiss A, Bolatto AD, Schuster K, Dessauges-Zavadsky M (2015b) The multi-phase cold fountain in M82 revealed by a wide, sensitive map of the molecular interstellar medium. Astrophys J 814(2):83. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/83. arXiv:1509.02932
Leroy AK, Usero A, Schruba A, Bigiel F, Kruijssen JMD, Kepley A, Blanc GA, Bolatto AD, Cormier D, Gallagher M, Hughes A, Jiménez-Donaire MJ, Rosolowsky E, Schinnerer E (2017) Millimeter-wave line ratios and sub-beam volume density distributions. Astrophys J 835(2):217. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/835/2/217. arXiv:1611.09864
Leroy AK, Bolatto AD, Ostriker EC, Walter F, Gorski M, Ginsburg A, Krieger N, Levy RC, Meier DS, Mills E, Ott J, Rosolowsky E, Thompson TA, Veilleux S, Zschaechner LK (2018) Forming super star clusters in the central starburst of NGC 253. Astrophys J 869(2):126. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaecd1. arXiv:1804.02083
Li A, Draine BT (2001) Infrared emission from interstellar dust. II. The diffuse interstellar medium. Astrophys J 554(2):778–802. https://doi.org/10.1086/323147. arXiv:astro-ph/0011319
Li JT, Bregman JN, Wang QD, Crain RA, Anderson ME (2018) Baryon budget of the hot circumgalactic medium of massive spiral galaxies. Astrophys J Lett 855(2):L24. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aab2af. arXiv:1802.09453
Li Z, Hopkins PF, Squire J, Hummels C (2020) On the survival of cool clouds in the circum-galactic medium. Mon Not R Astron Soc 492(2):1841–1854. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3567. arXiv:1909.02632
Lindberg JE, Aalto S, Muller S, Martí-Vidal I, Falstad N, Costagliola F, Henkel C, van der Werf P, García-Burillo S, González-Alfonso E (2016) Evidence for a chemically differentiated outflow in Mrk 231. Astron Astrophys 587:A15. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201527457. arXiv:1512.04854
Liszt H (2001) CO J = 3–2 mapping of the molecular circumnuclear disk in Centaurus A. Astron Astrophys 371:865–874. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20010443
Liu RY, Murase K, Inoue S, Ge C, Wang XY (2018) Can winds driven by active galactic nuclei account for the extragalactic gamma-ray and neutrino backgrounds? Astrophys J 858(1):9. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaba74. arXiv:1712.10168
Lockman FJ (1984) The HI halo in the inner galaxy. Astrophys J 283:90–97. https://doi.org/10.1086/162277
Lockman FJ, McClure-Griffiths NM (2016) Tracing the milky way nuclear wind with 21 cm atomic hydrogen emission. Astrophys J 826(2):215. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/826/2/215. arXiv:1605.01140
Lockman FJ, Di Teodoro EM, McClure-Griffiths NM (2020) Observation of acceleration of HI clouds within the Fermi bubbles. Astrophys J 888:51. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab55d8. arXiv:1911.06864
Longmore SN, Kruijssen JMD, Bastian N, Bally J, Rathborne J, Testi L, Stolte A, Dale J, Bressert E, Alves J (2014) The formation and early evolution of young massive clusters. In: Beuther H, Klessen RS, Dullemond CP, Henning T (eds) Protostars and planets VI, p 291. https://doi.org/10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816531240-ch013, arXiv:1401.4175
López-Gonzaga N, Jaffe W, Burtscher L, Tristram KRW, Meisenheimer K (2014) Revealing the large nuclear dust structures in NGC 1068 with MIDI/VLTI. Astron Astrophys 565:A71. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201323002. arXiv:1401.3248
López-Gonzaga N, Burtscher L, Tristram KRW, Meisenheimer K, Schartmann M (2016) Mid-infrared interferometry of 23 AGN tori: on the significance of polar-elongated emission. Astron Astrophys 591:A47. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201527590. arXiv:1602.05592
Lu JR, Do T, Ghez AM, Morris MR, Yelda S, Matthews K (2013) Stellar populations in the central 0.5 pc of the galaxy. II. The initial mass function. Astrophys J 764(2):155. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/764/2/155. arXiv:1301.0540
Lutz D, Sturm E, Janssen A, Veilleux S, Aalto S, Cicone C, Contursi A, Davies RI, Feruglio C, Fischer J, Garcia-Burillo S, Genzel R, González-Alfonso E, Herrera-Camus JGCR, Maiolino R, Schruba A, Shimizu T, Sternberg A, Tacconi LJ, Weiß A (2020) Molecular outflows in local galaxies: method comparison and a role of intermittent AGN driving. Astron Astrophys 633:A134. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201936803. arXiv:1911.05608
Lynden-Bell D (2003) On why discs generate magnetic towers and collimate jets. Mon Not R Astron Soc 341(4):1360–1372. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06506.x. arXiv:astro-ph/0208388
Lynden-Bell D (2006) Magnetic jets from swirling discs. Mon Not R Astron Soc 369(3):1167–1188. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10349.x. arXiv:astro-ph/0604424
Ma J, Ge J, Zhao Y, Prochaska JX, Zhang S, Ji T, Schneider DP (2017) Quasar 2175 Å dust absorbers—I. Metallicity, depletion pattern and kinematics. Mon Not R Astron Soc 472(2):2196–2220. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx2117. arXiv:1708.04200
Mac Low MM, Ferrara A (1999) Starburst-driven mass loss from dwarf galaxies: efficiency and metal ejection. Astrophys J 513(1):142–155. https://doi.org/10.1086/306832. arXiv:astro-ph/9801237
Magorrian J, Tremaine S, Richstone D, Bender R, Bower G, Dressler A, Faber SM, Gebhardt K, Green R, Grillmair C, Kormendy J, Lauer T (1998) The demography of massive dark objects in galaxy centers. Astron J 115(6):2285–2305. https://doi.org/10.1086/300353. arXiv:astro-ph/9708072
Maiolino R, Mannucci F (2019) De re metallica: the cosmic chemical evolution of galaxies. Astron Astrophys Rev 27(1):3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00159-018-0112-2. arXiv:1811.09642
Maiolino R, Schneider R, Oliva E, Bianchi S, Ferrara A, Mannucci F, Pedani M, Roca Sogorb M (2004) A supernova origin for dust in a high-redshift quasar. Nature 431(7008):533–535. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02930. arXiv:astro-ph/0409577
Maiolino R, Gallerani S, Neri R, Cicone C, Ferrara A, Genzel R, Lutz D, Sturm E, Tacconi LJ, Walter F, Feruglio C, Fiore F, Piconcelli E (2012) Evidence of strong quasar feedback in the early Universe. Mon Not R Astron Soc 425(1):L66–L70. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3933.2012.01303.x. arXiv:1204.2904
Maiolino R, Russell HR, Fabian AC, Carniani S, Gallagher R, Cazzoli S, Arribas S, Belfiore F, Bellocchi E, Colina L, Cresci G, Ishibashi W, Marconi A, Mannucci F, Oliva E, Sturm E (2017) Star formation inside a galactic outflow. Nature 544(7649):202–206. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature21677. arXiv:1703.08587
Maltby DT, Almaini O, McLure RJ, Wild V, Dunlop J, Rowlands K, Hartley WG, Hatch NA, Socolovsky M, Wilkinson A, Amorin R, Bradshaw EJ, Carnall AC, Castellano M, Cimatti A, Cresci G, Cullen F, De Barros S, Fontanot F, Garilli B, Koekemoer AM, McLeod DJ, Pentericci L, Talia M (2019) High-velocity outflows in massive post-starburst galaxies at \(\text{ z } {\>} 1\). Mon Not R Astron Soc p 2140, https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2211
Mangum JG, Shirley YL (2015) How to calculate molecular column density. Publ Astron Soc Pac 127(949):266. https://doi.org/10.1086/680323. arXiv:1501.01703
Mangum JG, Wootten A (1993) Formaldehyde as a probe of physical conditions in dense molecular clouds. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 89:123. https://doi.org/10.1086/191841
Mangum JG, Darling J, Henkel C, Menten KM, MacGregor M, Svoboda BE, Schinnerer E (2013) Ammonia thermometry of star-forming galaxies. Astrophys J 779(1):33. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/779/1/33. arXiv:1310.6586
Marcolini A, Strickland DK, D’Ercole A, Heckman TM, Hoopes CG (2005) The dynamics and high-energy emission of conductive gas clouds in supernova-driven galactic superwinds. Mon Not R Astron Soc 362(2):626–648. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09343.x. arXiv:astro-ph/0506645
Marinacci F, Binney J, Fraternali F, Nipoti C, Ciotti L, Londrillo P (2010) The mode of gas accretion on to star-forming galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 404(3):1464–1474. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16352.x. arXiv:1001.2446
Martí-Vidal I, Vlemmings WHT, Muller S, Casey S (2014) UVMULTIFIT: a versatile tool for fitting astronomical radio interferometric data. Astron Astrophys 563:A136. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201322633. arXiv:1401.4984
Martin CL (1999) Properties of galactic outflows: measurements of the feedback from star formation. Astrophys J 513(1):156–160. https://doi.org/10.1086/306863. arXiv:astro-ph/9810233
Martin CL (2005) Mapping large-scale gaseous outflows in ultraluminous galaxies with Keck II ESI spectra: variations in outflow velocity with galactic mass. Astrophys J 621(1):227–245. https://doi.org/10.1086/427277. arXiv:astro-ph/0410247
Martin CL (2006) Mapping large-scale gaseous outflows in ultraluminous infrared galaxies with Keck II ESI spectra: spatial extent of the outflow. Astrophys J 647(1):222–243. https://doi.org/10.1086/504886. arXiv:astro-ph/0604173
Martin CL, Shapley AE, Coil AL, Kornei KA, Bundy K, Weiner BJ, Noeske KG, Schiminovich D (2012) Demographics and physical properties of gas outflows/inflows at \(0.4 < \text{ z } < 1.4\). Astrophys J 760(2):127. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/760/2/127. arXiv:1206.5552
Martin CL, Shapley AE, Coil AL, Kornei KA, Murray N, Pancoast A (2013) Scattered emission from \(z \sim 1\) galactic outflows. Astrophys J 770(1):41. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/770/1/41. arXiv:1304.6405
Martin CL, Dijkstra M, Henry A, Soto KT, Danforth CW, Wong J (2015) The \(\text{ Ly }\alpha \) line profiles of ultraluminous infrared galaxies: fast winds and Lyman continuum leakage. Astrophys J 803(1):6. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/803/1/6. arXiv:1501.05946
Martin CL, Ho SH, Kacprzak GG, Churchill CW (2019) Kinematics of circumgalactic gas: feeding galaxies and feedback. Astrophys J 878(2):84. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab18ac. arXiv:1901.09123
Martin PG, Adamson AJ, Whittet DCB, Hough JH, Bailey JA, Kim SH, Sato S, Tamura M, Yamashita T (1992) Interstellar polarization from 3 to 5 microns in reddened stars. Astrophys J 392:691. https://doi.org/10.1086/171470
Martín S, Martín-Pintado J, Viti S (2009) Photodissociation chemistry footprints in the starburst galaxy NGC 253. Astrophys J 706(2):1323–1330. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/706/2/1323. arXiv:0911.2673
Martín S, Aalto S, Sakamoto K, González-Alfonso E, Muller S, Henkel C, García-Burillo S, Aladro R, Costagliola F, Harada N, Krips M, Martín-Pintado J, Mühle S, van der Werf P, Viti S (2016) The unbearable opaqueness of Arp220. Astron Astrophys 590:A25. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201528064. arXiv:1603.01291
Martínez-González S, Wünsch R, Silich S, Tenorio-Tagle G, Palouš J, Ferrara A (2019) Supernovae within pre-existing wind-blown bubbles: dust injection vs. ambient dust destruction. Astrophys J 887:198. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab571b. arXiv:1911.05079
Martini P, Leroy AK, Mangum JG, Bolatto A, Keating KM, Sandstrom K, Walter F (2018) H I kinematics along the minor axis of M82. Astrophys J 856(1):61. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aab08e. arXiv:1802.04359
Martizzi D, Faucher-Giguère CA, Quataert E (2015) Supernova feedback in an inhomogeneous interstellar medium. Mon Not R Astron Soc 450(1):504–522. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv562. arXiv:1409.4425
Mathes NL, Churchill CW, Kacprzak GG, Nielsen NM, Trujillo-Gomez S, Charlton J, Muzahid S (2014) Halo mass dependence of H I and O VI absorption: evidence for differential kinematics. Astrophys J 792(2):128. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/792/2/128. arXiv:1406.2314
Matsubayashi K, Sugai H, Shimono A, Hattori T, Ozaki S, Yoshikawa T, Taniguchi Y, Nagao T, Kajisawa M, Shioya Y, Bland-Hawthorn J (2012) Ionization source of a minor-axis cloud in the outer halo of M82. Astrophys J 761(1):55. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/761/1/55. arXiv:1210.8149
Matsuura M, De Buizer JM, Arendt RG, Dwek E, Barlow MJ, Bevan A, Cigan P, Gomez HL, Rho J, Wesson R, Bouchet P, Danziger J, Meixner M (2019) SOFIA mid-infrared observations of Supernova 1987A in 2016—forward shocks and possible dust re-formation in the post-shocked region. Mon Not R Astron Soc 482(2):1715–1723. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty2734. arXiv:1810.03615
McCarthy PJ (1993) High redshift radio galaxies. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 31:639–688. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.aa.31.090193.003231
McClure-Griffiths NM, Green JA, Hill AS, Lockman FJ, Dickey JM, Gaensler BM, Green AJ (2013) Atomic hydrogen in a galactic center outflow. Astrophys J Lett 770(1):L4. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/770/1/L4. arXiv:1304.7538
McClure-Griffiths NM, Dénes H, Dickey JM, Stanimirović S, Staveley-Smith L, Jameson K, Di Teodoro E, Allison JR, Collier JD, Chippendale AP, Franzen T, Gürkan G, Heald G, Hotan A, Kleiner D, Lee-Waddell K, McConnell D, Popping A, Rhee J, Riseley CJ, Voronkov MA, Whiting M (2018) Cold gas outflows from the Small Magellanic Cloud traced with ASKAP. Nature Astron 2:901–906. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-018-0608-8. arXiv:1811.01772
McCormick A, Veilleux S, Rupke DSN (2013) Dusty winds: extraplanar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon features of nearby galaxies. Astrophys J 774(2):126. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/774/2/126
McCormick A, Veilleux S, Meléndez M, Martin CL, Bland-Hawthorn J, Cecil G, Heitsch F, Müller T, Rupke DSN, Engelbracht C (2018) Exploring the dust content of galactic winds with Herschel—II. Nearby dwarf galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 477(1):699–726. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty634. arXiv:1803.03269
McCourt M, O’Leary RM, Madigan AM, Quataert E (2015) Magnetized gas clouds can survive acceleration by a hot wind. Mon Not R Astron Soc 449(1):2–7. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv355. arXiv:1409.6719
McCourt M, Oh SP, O’Leary R, Madigan AM (2018) A characteristic scale for cold gas. Mon Not R Astron Soc 473(4):5407–5431. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx2687. arXiv:1610.01164
McKinley B, Tingay SJ, Carretti E, Ellis S, Bland-Hawthorn J, Morganti R, Line J, McDonald M, Veilleux S, Wahl Olsen R, Sidonio M, Ekers R, Offringa AR, Procopio P, Pindor B, Wayth RB, Hurley-Walker N, Bernardi G, Gaensler BM, Haverkorn M, Kesteven M, Poppi S, Staveley-Smith L (2018) The jet/wind outflow in Centaurus A: a local laboratory for AGN feedback. Mon Not R Astron Soc 474(3):4056–4072. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx2890. arXiv:1711.01751
McKinney JC, Tchekhovskoy A, Sadowski A, Narayan R (2014) Three-dimensional general relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamical simulation of super-Eddington accretion, using a new code HARMRAD with M1 closure. Mon Not R Astron Soc 441(4):3177–3208. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu762. arXiv:1312.6127
McKinney JC, Dai L, Avara MJ (2015) Efficiency of super-Eddington magnetically-arrested accretion. Mon Not R Astron Soc 454(1):L6–L10. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/slv115. arXiv:1508.02433
McQuinn M, Werk JK (2018) Implications of the large O VI columns around low-redshift \(\text{ L }_{*}\) galaxies. Astrophys J 852(1):33. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa9d3f. arXiv:1703.03422
Mehdipour M, Costantini E (2018) Probing the nature and origin of dust in the reddened quasar IC 4329A with global modelling from X-ray to infrared. Astron Astrophys 619:A20. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833706. arXiv:1808.04628
Meier DS, Turner JL (2012) Spatially resolved chemistry in nearby galaxies. II. The nuclear bar in Maffei 2. Astrophys J 755(2):104. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/755/2/104. arXiv:1206.4098
Meijerink R, Spaans M, Loenen AF, van der Werf PP (2011) Star formation in extreme environments: the effects of cosmic rays and mechanical heating. Astron Astrophys 525:A119. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201015136. arXiv:1010.0788
Meijerink R, Kristensen LE, Weiß A, van der Werf PP, Walter F, Spaans M, Loenen AF, Fischer J, Israel FP, Isaak K, Papadopoulos PP, Aalto S, Armus L, Charmandaris V, Dasyra KM, Diaz-Santos T, Evans A, Gao Y, González-Alfonso E, Güsten R, Henkel C, Kramer C, Lord S, Martín-Pintado J, Naylor D, Sanders DB, Smith H, Spinoglio L, Stacey G, Veilleux S, Wiedner MC (2013) Evidence for CO shock excitation in NGC 6240 from Herschel SPIRE spectroscopy. Astrophys J Lett 762(2):L16. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/762/2/L16. arXiv:1211.6659
Meiring JD, Kulkarni VP, Lauroesch JT, Péroux C, Khare P, York DG (2009a) New Magellan Inamori Kyocera Echelle observations of \(\text{ z } < 1.5\) sub-damped Lyman \(\alpha \) systems. Mon Not R Astron Soc 393(467):1513–1530. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.14253.x. arXiv:0902.2022
Meiring JD, Lauroesch JT, Kulkarni VP, Péroux C, Khare P, York DG (2009b) A MIKE + UVES survey of sub-damped Lyman \(\alpha \) systems at \(\text{ z } < 1.5\). Mon Not R Astron Soc 397(4):2037–2048. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15064.x. arXiv:0905.4473
Meléndez M, Veilleux S, Martin C, Engelbracht C, Bland-Hawthorn J, Cecil G, Heitsch F, McCormick A, Müller T, Rupke D, Teng SH (2015) Exploring the dust content of galactic winds with Herschel. I. NGC 4631. Astrophys J 804(1):46. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/804/1/46. arXiv:1502.07785
Ménard B, Fukugita M (2012) Cosmic dust in Mg II absorbers. Astrophys J 754(2):116. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/754/2/116. arXiv:1204.1978
Ménard B, Scranton R, Fukugita M, Richards G (2010) Measuring the galaxy-mass and galaxy-dust correlations through magnification and reddening. Mon Not R Astron Soc 405(2):1025–1039. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16486.x. arXiv:0902.4240
Ménard B, Wild V, Nestor D, Quider A, Zibetti S, Rao S, Turnshek D (2011) Probing star formation across cosmic time with absorption-line systems. Mon Not R Astron Soc 417(2):801–811. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18227.x. arXiv:0912.3263
Michiyama T, Iono D, Sliwa K, Bolatto A, Nakanishi K, Ueda J, Saito T, Ando M, Yamashita T, Yun M (2018) ALMA observations of HCN and \(\text{ HCO }^{+}\) outflows in the merging galaxy NGC 3256. Astrophys J 868(2):95. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aae82a. arXiv:1810.04821
Miller MJ, Bregman JN (2016) The interaction of the Fermi bubbles with the Milky Way’s hot gas halo. Astrophys J 829(1):9. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/829/1/9. arXiv:1607.04906
Miller TR, Arav N, Xu X, Kriss GA, Plesha RJ, Benn C, Liu G (2018) Distance, energy, and variability of quasar outflows: two HST/COS epochs of LBQS 1206+1052. Astrophys J 865(2):90. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aad817. arXiv:1809.03114
Min M, Waters LBFM, de Koter A, Hovenier JW, Keller LP, Markwick-Kemper F (2007) The shape and composition of interstellar silicate grains. Astron Astrophys 462(2):667–676. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20065436. arXiv:astro-ph/0611329
Mingozzi M, Cresci G, Venturi G, Marconi A, Mannucci F, Perna M, Belfiore F, Carniani S, Balmaverde B, Brusa M, Cicone C, Feruglio C, Gallazzi A, Mainieri V, Maiolino R, Nagao T, Nardini E, Sani E, Tozzi P, Zibetti S (2019) The MAGNUM survey: different gas properties in the outflowing and disc components in nearby active galaxies with MUSE. Astron Astrophys 622:A146. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834372. arXiv:1811.07935
Mitra S, Davé R, Finlator K (2015) Equilibrium model constraints on baryon cycling across cosmic time. Mon Not R Astron Soc 452(2):1184–1200. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1387. arXiv:1411.1157
Moe M, Arav N, Bautista MA, Korista KT (2009) Quasar outflow contribution to AGN feedback: observations of QSO SDSS J0838+2955. Astrophys J 706(1):525–534. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/525. arXiv:0911.3332
Momose R, Ouchi M, Nakajima K, Ono Y, Shibuya T, Shimasaku K, Yuma S, Mori M, Umemura M (2016) Statistical properties of diffuse \(\text{ Ly }\alpha \) haloes around star-forming galaxies at \(z \sim 2\). Mon Not R Astron Soc 457(3):2318–2330. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw021. arXiv:1509.09001
Morganti R (2012) Using HI absorption to trace outflows from galaxies and feeding of AGN. Astrophys Space Sci Proc 25:31. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22795-0_4
Morganti R, Oosterloo T (2018) The interstellar and circumnuclear medium of active nuclei traced by H i 21 cm absorption. Astron Astrophys Rev 26(1):4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00159-018-0109-x. arXiv:1807.01475
Morganti R, Oosterloo T, Tsvetanov Z (1998) A radio study of the Seyfert Galaxy IC 5063: evidence for fast gas outflow. Astron J 115(3):915–927. https://doi.org/10.1086/300236. arXiv:astro-ph/9711285
Morganti R, Tadhunter CN, Oosterloo TA (2005) Fast neutral outflows in powerful radio galaxies: a major source of feedback in massive galaxies. Astron Astrophys 444(1):L9–L13. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:200500197. arXiv:astro-ph/0510263
Morganti R, Holt J, Saripalli L, Oosterloo TA, Tadhunter CN (2007) IC 5063: AGN driven outflow of warm and cold gas. Astron Astrophys 476(2):735–743. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20077888. arXiv:0710.1189
Morganti R, Oosterloo T, Struve C, Saripalli L (2008) A circumnuclear disk of atomic hydrogen in Centaurus A. Astron Astrophys 485(2):L5–L8. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:200809974. arXiv:0805.1627
Morganti R, Frieswijk W, Oonk RJB, Oosterloo T, Tadhunter C (2013) Tracing the extreme interplay between radio jets and the ISM in IC 5063. Astron Astrophys 552:L4. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201220734. arXiv:1302.2236
Morganti R, Oosterloo T, Oonk JBR, Frieswijk W, Tadhunter C (2015) The fast molecular outflow in the Seyfert galaxy IC 5063 as seen by ALMA. Astron Astrophys 580:A1. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201525860. arXiv:1505.07190
Morganti R, Veilleux S, Oosterloo T, Teng SH, Rupke D (2016) Another piece of the puzzle: the fast H I outflow in Mrk 231. Astron Astrophys 593:A30. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201628978. arXiv:1606.01640
Mou G, Yuan F, Bu D, Sun M, Su M (2014) Fermi bubbles inflated by winds launched from the hot accretion flow in Sgr A*. Astrophys J 790(2):109. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/790/2/109. arXiv:1403.2129
Mould JR, Ridgewell A, Gallagher I, John S, Bessell MS, Keller S, Calzetti D, Clarke JT, Trauger JT, Grillmair C, Ballester GE, Burrows CJ, Krist J, Crisp D, Evans R, Griffiths R, Hester JJ, Hoessel JG, Holtzman JA, Scowen PA, Stapelfeldt KR, Sahai R, Watson A, Meadows V (2000) Jet-induced star formation in Centaurus A. Astrophys J 536(1):266–276. https://doi.org/10.1086/308927
Mukherjee D, Bicknell GV, Sutherland R, Wagner A (2016) Relativistic jet feedback in high-redshift galaxies—I. Dynamics. Mon Not R Astron Soc 461(1):967–983. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw1368. arXiv:1606.01143
Mukherjee D, Bicknell GV, AeY Wagner, Sutherland RS, Silk J (2018a) Relativistic jet feedback—III. Feedback on gas discs. Mon Not R Astron Soc 479(4):5544–5566. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1776. arXiv:1803.08305
Mukherjee D, Wagner AY, Bicknell GV, Morganti R, Oosterloo T, Nesvadba N, Sutherland RS (2018b) The jet-ISM interactions in IC 5063. Mon Not R Astron Soc 476(1):80–95. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty067. arXiv:1801.06875
Mulcahy DD, Horneffer A, Beck R, Krause M, Schmidt P, Basu A, Chyzy KT, Dettmar RJ, Haverkorn M, Heald G, Heesen V, Horellou C, Iacobelli M, Nikiel-Wroczyński B, Paladino R, Scaife AMM, Sridhar SS, Strom RG, Tabatabaei FS, Cantwell T, Carey SH, Grainge K, Hickish J, Perrot Y, Razavi-Ghods N, Scott P, Titterington D (2018) Investigation of the cosmic ray population and magnetic field strength in the halo of NGC 891. Astron Astrophys 615:A98. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201832837. arXiv:1804.00752
Muller S, Müller HSP, Black JH, Gérin M, Combes F, Curran S, Falgarone E, Guélin M, Henkel C, Martín S, Menten KM, Roueff E, Aalto S, Beelen A, Wiklind T, Zwaan MA (2017) Detection of CH\(^+\), SH\(^+\), and their \(^{13}\)C- and \(^{34}\)S-isotopologues toward PKS.1830–211. Astro Astrophys 606:A109
Muratov AL, Kereš D, Faucher-Giguère CA, Hopkins PF, Quataert E, Murray N (2015) Gusty, gaseous flows of FIRE: galactic winds in cosmological simulations with explicit stellar feedback. Mon Not R Astron Soc 454(3):2691–2713. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv2126. arXiv:1501.03155
Muratov AL, Kereš D, Faucher-Giguère CA, Hopkins PF, Ma X, Anglés-Alcázar D, Chan TK, Torrey P, Hafen ZH, Quataert E, Murray N (2017) Metal flows of the circumgalactic medium, and the metal budget in galactic haloes. Mon Not R Astron Soc 468(4):4170–4188. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx667. arXiv:1606.09252
Murray N, Quataert E, Thompson TA (2005) On the maximum luminosity of galaxies and their central black holes: feedback from momentum-driven winds. Astrophys J 618(2):569–585. https://doi.org/10.1086/426067. arXiv:astro-ph/0406070
Murray N, Martin CL, Quataert E, Thompson TA (2007) The ionization state of sodium in galactic winds. Astrophys J 660(1):211–220. https://doi.org/10.1086/512660. arXiv:astro-ph/0609213
Murray N, Quataert E, Thompson TA (2010) The disruption of giant molecular clouds by radiation pressure & the efficiency of star formation in galaxies. Astrophys J 709(1):191–209. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/709/1/191. arXiv:0906.5358
Murray N, Ménard B, Thompson TA (2011) Radiation pressure from massive star clusters as a launching mechanism for super-galactic winds. Astrophys J 735(1):66. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/735/1/66. arXiv:1005.4419
Murthy S, Morganti R, Oosterloo T, Schulz R, Mukherjee D, Wagner AY, Bicknell G, Prandoni I, Aa Shulevski (2019) Feedback from low-luminosity radio galaxies: B2 0258+35. Astron Astrophys 629:A58. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935931. arXiv:1908.00374
Mutch SJ, Croton DJ, Poole GB (2011) The mid-life crisis of the Milky Way and M31. Astrophys J 736(2):84. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/736/2/84. arXiv:1105.2564
Myers AT, McKee CF, Li PS (2015) The CH\(^+\) abundance in turbulent, diffuse molecular clouds. Mon Not R Astron Soc 453(3):2747–2758. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1782
Nakashima S, Koyama K, Wang QD, Enokiya R (2019) X-ray observation of a magnetized hot gas outflow in the galactic center region. Astrophys J 875(1):32. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab0d82. arXiv:1903.02571
Narayanan D, Krumholz MR (2017) A physical model for the [C II]-FIR deficit in luminous galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 467(1):50–67. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw3218. arXiv:1601.05803
Nardini E, Reeves JN, Gofford J, Harrison FA, Risaliti G, Braito V, Costa MT, Matzeu GA, Walton DJ, Behar E, Boggs SE, Christensen FE, Craig WW, Hailey CJ, Matt G, Miller JM, O’Brien PT, Stern D, Turner TJ, Ward MJ (2015) Black hole feedback in the luminous quasar PDS 456. Science 347(6224):860–863. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1259202. arXiv:1502.06636
Nayakshin S, Zubovas K (2012) Quasar feedback: accelerated star formation and chaotic accretion. Mon Not R Astron Soc 427(1):372–378. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21950.x. arXiv:1207.7200
Nedelchev B, Sarzi M, Kaviraj S (2019) The insignificance of Seyfert 2 activity in driving cold-gas galactic winds. Mon Not R Astron Soc 486(2):1608–1619. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz934
Neff SG, Eilek JA, Owen FN (2015) The complex north transition region of Centaurus A: a galactic wind. Astrophys J 802(2):88. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/802/2/88. arXiv:1502.05236
Nelson D, Pillepich A, Springel V, Pakmor R, Weinberger R, Genel S, Torrey P, Vogelsberger M, Marinacci F, Hernquist L (2019) First results from the TNG50 simulation: galactic outflows driven by supernovae and black hole feedback. Mon Not R Astron Soc. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2306, arXiv:1902.05554
Netzer H (2013) The physics and evolution of active galactic nuclei Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
Neufeld DA (1990) The transfer of resonance-line radiation in static astrophysical media. Astrophys J 350:216. https://doi.org/10.1086/168375
Nielsen NM, Churchill CW, Kacprzak GG, Murphy MT, Evans JL (2015) MAGIICAT V. Orientation of outflows and accretion determine the kinematics and column densities of the circumgalactic medium. Astrophys J 812(1):83. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/812/1/83. arXiv:1505.07167
Nielsen NM, Churchill CW, Kacprzak GG, Murphy MT, Evans JL (2016) MAGIICAT IV kinematics of the circumgalactic medium and evidence for quiescent evolution around red galaxies. Astrophys J 818(2):171. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/818/2/171. arXiv:1512.06969
Nims J, Quataert E, Faucher-Giguère CA (2015) Observational signatures of galactic winds powered by active galactic nuclei. Mon Not R Astron Soc 447(4):3612–3622. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu2648. arXiv:1408.5141
Novikov ID, Thorne KS (1973) Astrophysics of black holes. In: Black holes (Les Astres Occlus), pp 343–450
Nozawa T, Kozasa T, Habe A (2006) Dust destruction in the high-velocity shocks driven by supernovae in the early universe. Astrophys J 648(1):435–451. https://doi.org/10.1086/505639. arXiv:astro-ph/0605193
Nyland K, Alatalo K, Wrobel JM, Young LM, Morganti R, Davis TA, de Zeeuw PT, Deustua S, Bureau M (2013) Detection of a high brightness temperature radio core in the active-galactic-nucleus-driven molecular outflow candidate NGC 1266. Astrophys J 779(2):173. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/779/2/173. arXiv:1310.7588
Obied G, Zakamska NL, Wylezalek D, Liu G (2016) Giant scattering cones in obscured quasars. Mon Not R Astron Soc 456(3):2861–2876. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv2850. arXiv:1512.03817
Offner SSR, Bisbas TG, Bell TA, Viti S (2014) An alternative accurate tracer of molecular clouds: the ‘XCi-factor’. Mon Not R Astron Soc 440:L81–L85. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/slu013. arXiv:1401.5072
Ohyama Y, Sakamoto K, Aalto S, Gallagher I, John S (2019) Dusty superwind from a galaxy with a compact obscured nucleus: optical spectroscopic study of NGC 4418. Astrophys J 871(2):191. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaf9a5
Oka T, Geballe TR, Goto M, Usuda T, McCall BJ (2005) Hot and diffuse clouds near the galactic center probed by metastable \(\text{ H }^{+}_{3}\). Astrophys J 632(2):882–893. https://doi.org/10.1086/432679. arXiv:astro-ph/0507463
Oka T, Geballe TR, Goto M, Usuda T, McCall BJ, Indriolo N (2019) The Central 300 pc of the Galaxy probed by infrared spectra of H\(^{+}_{3}\) and CO: part I. Predominance of warm and diffuse gas and high H\(_2\) ionization rate. Astrophys J 883(1):54. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab3647. arXiv:1910.04762
Olivares V, Salomé P, Combes F, Hamer S, Guillard P, Lehnert MD, Polles F, Beckmann RS, Dubois Y, Donahue M, Edge A, Fabian AC, McNamara B, Rose T, Russell H, Tremblay G, Vantyghem A, Canning REA, Ferland G, Godard B, Hogan M, Peirani S, des Pineau Forets G (2019) Ubiquitous cold and massive filaments in cool core clusters. Astron Astrophys 631:A22. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935350. arXiv:1902.09164
Onodera M, Carollo CM, Renzini A, Cappellari M, Mancini C, Arimoto N, Daddi E, Gobat R, Strazzullo V, Tacchella S, Yamada Y (2015) The ages, metallicities, and element abundance ratios of massive quenched galaxies at \(\text{ z }\ge 1.6\). Astrophys J 808(2):161. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/808/2/161. arXiv:1411.5023
Oort JH, Spitzer L Jr (1955) Acceleration of interstellar clouds by O-type stars. Astrophys J 121:6. https://doi.org/10.1086/145958
Oosterloo T, Raymond Oonk JB, Morganti R, Combes F, Dasyra K, Salomé P, Vlahakis N, Tadhunter C (2017) Properties of the molecular gas in the fast outflow in the Seyfert galaxy IC 5063. Astron Astrophys 608:A38. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731781. arXiv:1710.01570
Oosterloo TA, Morganti R (2005) Anomalous HI kinematics in Centaurus A: evidence for jet-induced star formation. Astron Astrophys 429:469–475. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20041379. arXiv:astro-ph/0409500
Oosterloo TA, Morganti R, Tzioumis A, Reynolds J, King E, McCulloch P, Tsvetanov Z (2000) A strong jet-cloud interaction in the Seyfert Galaxy IC 5063: VLBI observations. Astron J 119(5):2085–2091. https://doi.org/10.1086/301358. arXiv:astro-ph/0002140
Oppenheimer BD, Davies JJ, Crain RA, Wijers NA, Schaye J, Werk JK, Burchett JN, Trayford JW, Horton R (2019) Feedback from supermassive black holes transforms centrals into passive galaxies by ejecting circumgalactic gas. Mon Not R Astron Soc 491(2):2939–2952. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3124. arXiv:1904.05904
Orlando S, Peres G, Reale F, Bocchino F, Rosner R, Plewa T, Siegel A (2005) Crushing of interstellar gas clouds in supernova remnants. I. The role of thermal conduction and radiative losses. Astron Astrophys 444(2):505–519. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20052896. arXiv:astro-ph/0508638
Orlando S, Bocchino F, Reale F, Peres G, Pagano P (2008) The importance of magnetic-field-oriented thermal conduction in the interaction of SNR shocks with interstellar clouds. Astrophys J 678(1):274–286. https://doi.org/10.1086/529420. arXiv:0801.1403
O’Sullivan D, Martin C, Matuszewski M, Hoadley K, Hamden E, Neill JD, Lin Z, Parihar P (2019) The FLASHES survey I: integral field spectroscopy of the CGM around 48 \(z=2.3-3.1\) QSOs. ArXiv e-prints arXiv:1911.10740
Ott J, Weiss A, Henkel C, Walter F (2005) The temperature distribution of dense molecular gas in the center of NGC 253. Astrophys J 629(2):767–780. https://doi.org/10.1086/431661. arXiv:astro-ph/0505143
Pakmor R, Pfrommer C, Simpson CM, Springel V (2016) Galactic winds driven by isotropic and anisotropic cosmic-ray diffusion in disk galaxies. Astrophys J Lett 824(2):L30. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/824/2/L30. arXiv:1605.00643
Papadopoulos PP, Thi WF, Viti S (2004) CI lines as tracers of molecular gas, and their prospects at high redshifts. Mon Not R Astron Soc 351(1):147–160. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07762.x. arXiv:astro-ph/0403092
Pathak A, Pradhan AC, Sujatha NV, Murthy J (2011) Survey of O VI absorption in the Large Magellanic Cloud. Mon Not R Astron Soc 412(2):1105–1122. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17964.x. arXiv:1011.0690
Peek JEG, Ménard B, Corrales L (2015) Dust in the circumgalactic medium of low-redshift galaxies. Astrophys J 813(1):7. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/813/1/7. arXiv:1411.333
Peeples MS, Corlies L, Tumlinson J, O’Shea BW, Lehner N, O’Meara JM, Howk JC, Earl N, Smith BD, Wise JH, Hummels CB (2019) Figuring out gas & galaxies in Enzo (FOGGIE). I. Resolving simulated circumgalactic absorption at \(2 \le z \le 2.5\). Astrophys J 873(2):129. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab0654. arXiv:1810.06566
Pellegrini EW, Smith JD, Wolfire MG, Draine BT, Crocker AF, Croxall KV, van der Werf P, Dale DA, Rigopoulou D, Wilson CD, Schinnerer E, Groves BA, Kreckel K, Sandstrom KM, Armus L, Calzetti D, Murphy EJ, Walter F, Koda J, Bayet E, Beirao P, Bolatto AD, Bradford M, Brinks E, Hunt L, Kennicutt R, Knapen JH, Leroy AK, Rosolowsky E, Vigroux L, Hopwood RHB (2013) Shock excited molecules in NGC 1266: ULIRG conditions at the center of a bulge-dominated galaxy. Astrophys J Lett 779(2):L19. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/779/2/L19. arXiv:1311.3993
Peng Y, Maiolino R, Cochrane R (2015) Strangulation as the primary mechanism for shutting down star formation in galaxies. Nature 521(7551):192–195. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14439. arXiv:1505.03143
Pereira-Santaella M, Colina L, García-Burillo S, Alonso-Herrero A, Arribas S, Cazzoli S, Emonts B, Piqueras López J, Planesas P, Storchi Bergmann T, Usero A, Villar-Martín M (2016) High-velocity extended molecular outflow in the star-formation dominated luminous infrared galaxy ESO 320–G030. Astron Astrophys 594:A81. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201628875. arXiv:1607.03674
Pereira-Santaella M, Colina L, García-Burillo S, Combes F, Emonts B, Aalto S, Alonso-Herrero A, Arribas S, Henkel C, Labiano A, Muller S, Piqueras López J, Rigopoulou D, van der Werf P (2018) Spatially resolved cold molecular outflows in ULIRGs. Astron Astrophys 616:A171. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833089. arXiv:1805.03667
Perna M, Lanzuisi G, Brusa M, Cresci G, Mignoli M (2017) An X-ray/SDSS sample. II. AGN-driven outflowing gas plasma properties. Astron Astrophys 606:A96. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201730819. arXiv:1705.08388
Péroux C, Meiring JD, Kulkarni VP, Ferlet R, Khare P, Lauroesch JT, Vladilo G, York DG (2006) Metal-rich damped/subdamped Lyman \(\alpha \) quasar absorbers at \(\text{ z } < 1\). Mon Not R Astron Soc 372(1):369–380. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10865.x. arXiv:astro-ph/0607561
Perrotta S, D’Odorico V, Prochaska JX, Cristiani S, Cupani G, Ellison S, López S, Becker GD, Berg TAM, Christensen L, Denney KD, Hamann F, Pâris I, Vestergaard M, Worseck G (2016) Nature and statistical properties of quasar associated absorption systems in the XQ-100 Legacy Survey. Mon Not R Astron Soc 462(3):3285–3301. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw1703. arXiv:1605.04607
Perrotta S, Hamann F, Zakamska NL, Alexandroff RM, Rupke D, Wylezalek D (2019) ERQs are the BOSS of quasar samples: the highest velocity [O III] quasar outflows. Mon Not R Astron Soc 488(3):4126–4148. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1993. arXiv:1906.00980
Pettini M, Rix SA, Steidel CC, Adelberger KL, Hunt MP, Shapley AE (2002) New observations of the interstellar medium in the Lyman break galaxy MS 1512-cB58. Astrophys J 569(2):742–757. https://doi.org/10.1086/339355. arXiv:astro-ph/0110637
Pfrommer C, Pakmor R, Schaal K, Simpson CM, Springel V (2017) Simulating cosmic ray physics on a moving mesh. Mon Not R Astron Soc 465(4):4500–4529. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw2941. arXiv:1604.07399
Phillips AC (1993) Nuclear and large-scale outflows in NGC 1808. Astron J 105:486. https://doi.org/10.1086/116447
Planck Collaboration, Ade PAR, Aghanim N, Arnaud M, Ashdown M, Atrio-Barandela F, Aumont J, Baccigalupi C, Balbi A, Banday AJ, Barreiro RB, Bartlett JG, Battaner E, Benabed K, Benoît A, Bernard JP, Bersanelli M, Bonaldi A, Bond JR, Borrill J, Bouchet FR, Burigana C, Cabella P, Cardoso JF, Catalano A, Cayón L, Chary RR, Chiang LY, Christensen PR, Clements DL, Colombo LPL, Coulais A, Crill BP, Cuttaia F, Danese L, D’Arcangelo O, Davis RJ, de Bernardis P, de Gasperis G, de Rosa A, de Zotti G, Delabrouille J, Dickinson C, Diego JM, Dobler G, Dole H, Donzelli S, Doré O, Dörl U, Douspis M, Dupac X, Efstathiou G, Enßlin TA, Eriksen HK, Finelli F, Forni O, Frailis M, Franceschi E, Galeotta S, Ganga K, Giard M, Giardino G, González-Nuevo J, Górski KM, Gratton S, Gregorio A, Gruppuso A, Hansen FK, Harrison D, Helou G, Henrot-Versillé S, Hernández-Monteagudo C, Hildebrandt SR, Hivon E, Hobson M, Holmes WA, Hornstrup A, Hovest W, Huffenberger KM, Jaffe TR, Jagemann T, Jewell J, Jones WC, Juvela M, Keihänen E, Knoche J, Knox L, Kunz M, Kurki-Suonio H, Lagache G, Lähteenmäki A, Lamarre JM, Lasenby A, Lawrence CR, Leach S, Leonardi R, Lilje PB, Linden-Vørnle M, López-Caniego M, Lubin PM, Macías-Pérez JF, Maffei B, Maino D, Mand olesi N, Maris M, Marshall DJ, Martin PG, Martínez-González E, Masi S, Massardi M, Matarrese S, Matthai F, Mazzotta P, Meinhold PR, Melchiorri A, Mendes L, Mennella A, Mitra S, Moneti A, Montier L, Morgante G, Munshi D, Murphy JA, Naselsky P, Natoli P, Nørgaard-Nielsen HU, Noviello F, Novikov D, Novikov I, Osborne S, Pajot F, Paladini R, Paoletti D, Partridge B, Pearson TJ, Perdereau O, Perrotta F, Piacentini F, Piat M, Pierpaoli E, Pietrobon D, Plaszczynski S, Pointecouteau E, Polenta G, Ponthieu N, Popa L, Poutanen T, Pratt GW, Prunet S, Puget JL, Rachen JP, Rebolo R, Reinecke M, Renault C, Ricciardi S, Riller T, Ristorcelli I, Rocha G, Rosset C, Rubi no-Martín JA, Rusholme B, Sandri M, Savini G, Schaefer BM, Scott D, Smoot GF, Spencer L, Stivoli F, Sudiwala R, Suur-Uski AS, Sygnet JF, Tauber JA, Terenzi L, Toffolatti L, Tomasi M, Tristram M, Türler M, Umana G, Valenziano L, Van Tent B, Vielva P, Villa F, Vittorio N, Wade LA, Wandelt BD, White M, Yvon D, Zacchei A, Zonca A (2013) Planck intermediate results. IX. Detection of the Galactic haze with Planck. Astron Astrophys 554:A139. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201220271. arXiv:1208.5483
Planck Collaboration, Abergel A, Ade PAR, Aghanim N, Alves MIR, Aniano G, Armitage-Caplan C, Arnaud M, Ashdown M, Atrio-Barand ela F, Aumont J, Baccigalupi C, Banday AJ, Barreiro RB, Bartlett JG, Battaner E, Benabed K, Benoît A, Benoit-Lévy A, Bernard JP, Bersanelli M, Bielewicz P, Bobin J, Bock JJ, Bonaldi A, Bond JR, Borrill J, Bouchet FR, Boulanger F, Bridges M, Bucher M, Burigana C, Butler RC, Cardoso JF, Catalano A, Chamballu A, Chary RR, Chiang HC, Chiang LY, Christensen PR, Church S, Clemens M, Clements DL, Colombi S, Colombo LPL, Combet C, Couchot F, Coulais A, Crill BP, Curto A, Cuttaia F, Danese L, Davies RD, Davis RJ, de Bernardis P, de Rosa A, de Zotti G, Delabrouille J, Delouis JM, Désert FX, Dickinson C, Diego JM, Dole H, Donzelli S, Doré O, Douspis M, Draine BT, Dupac X, Efstathiou G, Enßlin TA, Eriksen HK, Falgarone E, Finelli F, Forni O, Frailis M, Fraisse AA, Franceschi E, Galeotta S, Ganga K, Ghosh T, Giard M, Giardino G, Giraud-Héraud Y, González-Nuevo J, Górski KM, Gratton S, Gregorio A, Grenier IA, Gruppuso A, Guillet V, Hansen FK, Hanson D, Harrison DL, Helou G, Henrot-Versillé S, Hernández-Monteagudo C, Herranz D, Hildebrand t SR, Hivon E, Hobson M, Holmes WA, Hornstrup A, Hovest W, Huffenberger KM, Jaffe AH, Jaffe TR, Jewell J, Joncas G, Jones WC, Juvela M, Keihänen E, Keskitalo R, Kisner TS, Knoche J, Knox L, Kunz M, Kurki-Suonio H, Lagache G, Lähteenmäki A, Lamarre JM, Lasenby A, Laureijs RJ, Lawrence CR, Leonardi R, León-Tavares J, Lesgourgues J, Levrier F, Liguori M, Lilje PB, Linden-Vørnle M, López-Caniego M, Lubin PM, Macías-Pérez JF, Maffei B, Maino D, Mand olesi N, Maris M, Marshall DJ, Martin PG, Martínez-González E, Masi S, Massardi M, Matarrese S, Matthai F, Mazzotta P, McGehee P, Melchiorri A, Mendes L, Mennella A, Migliaccio M, Mitra S, Miville-Deschênes MA, Moneti A, Montier L, Morgante G, Mortlock D, Munshi D, Murphy JA, Naselsky P, Nati F, Natoli P, Netterfield CB, Nørgaard-Nielsen HU, Noviello F, Novikov D, Novikov I, Osborne S, Oxborrow CA, Paci F, Pagano L, Pajot F, Paladini R, Paoletti D, Pasian F, Patanchon G, Perdereau O, Perotto L, Perrotta F, Piacentini F, Piat M, Pierpaoli E, Pietrobon D, Plaszczynski S, Pointecouteau E, Polenta G, Ponthieu N, Popa L, Poutanen T, Pratt GW, Prézeau G, Prunet S, Puget JL, Rachen JP, Reach WT, Rebolo R, Reinecke M, Remazeilles M, Renault C, Ricciardi S, Riller T, Ristorcelli I, Rocha G, Rosset C, Roudier G, Rowan-Robinson M, Rubi no-Martín JA, Rusholme B, Sandri M, Santos D, Savini G, Scott D, Seiffert MD, Shellard EPS, Spencer LD, Starck JL, Stolyarov V, Stompor R, Sudiwala R, Sunyaev R, Sureau F, Sutton D, Suur-Uski AS, Sygnet JF, Tauber JA, Tavagnacco D, Terenzi L, Toffolatti L, Tomasi M, Tristram M, Tucci M, Tuovinen J, Türler M, Umana G, Valenziano L, Valiviita J, Van Tent B, Verstraete L, Vielva P, Villa F, Vittorio N, Wade LA, Wandelt BD, Welikala N, Ysard N, Yvon D, Zacchei A, Zonca A (2014) Planck 2013 results. XI. All-sky model of thermal dust emission. Astron Astrophys 571:A11. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201323195. arXiv:1312.1300
Pogge RW (1988) Extended ionized gas in the Seyfert 2 Galaxy NGC 4388. Astrophys J 332:702. https://doi.org/10.1086/166687
Pointon SK, Kacprzak GG, Nielsen NM, Muzahid S, Murphy MT, Churchill CW, Charlton JC (2019) Relationship between the metallicity of the circumgalactic medium and galaxy orientation. Astrophys J 883:78. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab3b0e. arXiv:1907.05557
Ponti G, Terrier R, Goldwurm A, Belanger G, Trap G (2010) Discovery of a superluminal Fe K echo at the galactic center: the glorious past of Sgr A* preserved by molecular clouds. Astrophys J 714(1):732–747. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/714/1/732. arXiv:1003.2001
Ponti G, Hofmann F, Churazov E, Morris MR, Haberl F, Nandra K, Terrier R, Clavel M, Goldwurm A (2019) An X-ray chimney extending hundreds of parsecs above and below the Galactic Centre. Nature 567(7748):347–350. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1009-6. arXiv:1904.05969
Prochaska JX, Kasen D, Rubin K (2011) Simple models of metal-line absorption and emission from cool gas outflows. Astrophys J 734(1):24. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/734/1/24. arXiv:1102.3444
Prochaska JX, Lau MW, Hennawi JF (2014) Quasars probing quasars. VII. The pinnacle of the cool circumgalactic medium surrounds massive \(z \sim 2\) galaxies. Astrophys J 796(2):140. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/796/2/140. arXiv:1409.6344
Puxley PJ, Hawarden TG, Mountain CM (1990) Molecular and atomic hydrogen line emission from star-forming galaxies. Astrophys J 364:77. https://doi.org/10.1086/169386
Qin SL, Schilke P, Wu J, Wu Y, Liu T, Liu Y, Sánchez-Monge Á (2015) SMA observations of the W3(OH) complex: physical and chemical differentiation between \(\text{ W }3(\text{ H }_{2}\text{ O })\) and W3(OH). Astrophys J 803(1):39. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/803/1/39. arXiv:1502.04467
Qu Z, Bregman JN, Hodges-Kluck EJ (2019) HST/COS observations of the warm ionized gaseous halo of NGC 891. Astrophys J 876(2):101. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab17df. arXiv:1904.04716
Quider AM, Pettini M, Shapley AE, Steidel CC (2009) The ultraviolet spectrum of the gravitationally lensed galaxy ‘the Cosmic Horseshoe’: a close-up of a star-forming galaxy at \(z \sim 2\). Mon Not R Astron Soc 398(3):1263–1278. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15234.x. arXiv:0906.2412
Quillen AC, Bland-Hawthorn J, Brookes MH, Werner MW, Smith JD, Stern D, Keene J, Lawrence CR (2006) Discovery of a 500 Parsec shell in the nucleus of Centaurus A. Astrophys J Lett 641(1):L29–L32. https://doi.org/10.1086/503670. arXiv:astro-ph/0601147
Quiret S, Péroux C, Zafar T, Kulkarni VP, Jenkins EB, Milliard B, Rahmani H, Popping A, Rao SM, Turnshek DA, Monier EM (2016) The ESO UVES advanced data products quasar sample—VI. Sub-damped Lyman \(\alpha \) metallicity measurements and the circumgalactic medium. Mon Not R Astron Soc 458(4):4074–4121. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw524. arXiv:1602.02564
Rahmani H, Péroux C, Turnshek DA, Rao SM, Quiret S, Hamilton TS, Kulkarni VP, Monier EM, Zafar T (2016) A study of the circumgalactic medium at \(z \sim 0.6\) using damped Lyman \(\alpha \) galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 463(1):980–1007. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw1965. arXiv:1609.03843
Redman MP, Al-Mostafa ZA, Meaburn J, Bryce M (2003) High-speed outflows driven by the 30 Doradus starburst. Mon Not R Astron Soc 344(3):741–747. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06865.x. arXiv:astro-ph/0308213
Rees MJ (1988) Tidal disruption of stars by black holes of \(10^{6}\)-\(10^{8}\) solar masses in nearby galaxies. Nature 333(6173):523–528. https://doi.org/10.1038/333523a0
Rekola R, Richer MG, McCall ML, Valtonen MJ, Kotilainen JK, Flynn C (2005) Distance to NGC 253 based on the planetary nebula luminosity function. Mon Not R Astron Soc 361(1):330–336. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09166.x
Reynolds C, Punsly B, Kharb P, O’Dea CP, Wrobel J (2009) VLBA observations of sub-parsec structure in Mrk 231: interaction between a relativistic jet and a BAL wind. Astrophys J 706(1):851–865. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/851. arXiv:0909.5096
Reynolds C, Punsly B, O’Dea CP, Hurley-Walker N (2013) A blazar-like radio flare in Mrk 231. Astrophys J Lett 776(2):L21. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/776/2/L21. arXiv:1307.8314
Richings AJ, Faucher-Giguère CA (2018a) Radiative cooling of swept-up gas in AGN-driven galactic winds and its implications for molecular outflows. Mon Not R Astron Soc 478(3):3100–3119. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1285. arXiv:1710.09433
Richings AJ, Faucher-Giguère CA (2018b) The origin of fast molecular outflows in quasars: molecule formation in AGN-driven galactic winds. Mon Not R Astron Soc 474(3):3673–3699. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx3014. arXiv:1706.03784
Rickards Vaught RJ, Rubin KHR, Arrigoni Battaia F, Prochaska JX, Hennawi JF (2019) A VLT/FORS2 narrowband imaging search for Mg II emission around \(z \sim 0.7\) galaxies. Astrophys J 879(1):7. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab211f. arXiv:1905.05746
Rigby JR, Bayliss MB, Chisholm J, Bordoloi R, Sharon K, Gladders MD, Johnson T, Paterno-Mahler R, Wuyts E, Dahle H, Acharyya A (2018a) The Magellan evolution of galaxies spectroscopic and ultraviolet reference Atlas (MegaSaura). II. Stacked spectra. Astrophys J 853(1):87. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaa2fc. arXiv:1710.07499
Rigby JR, Bayliss MB, Sharon K, Gladders MD, Chisholm J, Dahle H, Johnson T, Paterno-Mahler R, Wuyts E, Kelson DD (2018b) The Magellan evolution of galaxies spectroscopic and ultraviolet reference Atlas (MegaSaura). I. The sample and the spectra. Astron J 155(3):104. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aaa2ff. arXiv:1710.07294
Roberts-Borsani GW, Saintonge A (2019) The prevalence and properties of cold gas inflows and outflows around galaxies in the local Universe. Mon Not R Astron Soc 482(3):4111–4145. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty2824. arXiv:1807.07575
Roberts-Borsani GW, Saintonge A, Masters K L, Stark D V (2020) Outflows in Star-forming Galaxies: stacking Analyses of Resolved Winds and the Relation to Their Hosts’ Properties. arXiv:2002.05724
Rodríguez del Pino B, Arribas S, Piqueras López J, Villar-Martín M, Colina L (2019) Properties of ionized outflows in MaNGA DR2 galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 486(1):344–359. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz816. arXiv:1903.07432
Rodríguez-Fernández NJ, Tafalla M, Gueth F, Bachiller R (2010) HNCO enhancement by shocks in the L1157 molecular outflow. Astron Astrophys 516:A98. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201013997. arXiv:1003.4219
Roman-Duval J, Gordon KD, Meixner M, Bot C, Bolatto A, Hughes A, Wong T, Babler B, Bernard JP, Clayton GC, Fukui Y, Galametz M, Galliano F, Glover S, Hony S, Israel F, Jameson K, Lebouteiller V, Lee MY, Li A, Madden S, Misselt K, Montiel E, Okumura K, Onishi T, Panuzzo P, Reach W, Remy-Ruyer A, Robitaille T, Rubio M, Sauvage M, Seale J, Sewilo M, Staveley-Smith L, Zhukovska S (2014) Dust and gas in the magellanic clouds from the HERITAGE Herschel Key Project. II. Gas-to-dust ratio variations across interstellar medium phases. Astrophys J 797(2):86. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/797/2/86. arXiv:1411.4552
Roos O, Juneau S, Bournaud F, Gabor JM (2015) Thermal and radiative active galactic nucleus feedback have a limited impact on star formation in high-redshift galaxies. Astrophys J 800(1):19. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/800/1/19. arXiv:1405.7971
Rosdahl J, Teyssier R (2015) A scheme for radiation pressure and photon diffusion with the M1 closure in RAMSES-RT. Mon Not R Astron Soc 449(4):4380–4403. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv567. arXiv:1411.6440
Rosenberg MJF, van der Werf PP, Aalto S, Armus L, Charmandaris V, Díaz-Santos T, Evans AS, Fischer J, Gao Y, González-Alfonso E, Greve TR, Harris AI, Henkel C, Israel FP, Isaak KG, Kramer C, Meijerink R, Naylor DA, Sanders DB, Smith HA, Spaans M, Spinoglio L, Stacey GJ, Veenendaal I, Veilleux S, Walter F, Weiß A, Wiedner MC, van der Wiel MHD, Xilouris EM (2015) The Herschel Comprehensive (U)LIRG Emission Survey (HERCULES): CO ladders, fine structure lines, and neutral gas cooling. Astrophys J 801(2):72. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/801/2/72. arXiv:1501.02985
Roussel H, Helou G, Smith JD, Draine BT, Hollenbach DJ, Moustakas J, Spoon HW, Kennicutt RC, Rieke GH, Walter F, Armus L, Dale DA, Sheth K, Bendo GJ, Engelbracht CW, Gordon KD, Meyer MJ, Regan MW, Murphy EJ (2006) The opaque nascent starburst in NGC 1377: Spitzer SINGS observations. Astrophys J 646(2):841–857. https://doi.org/10.1086/505038. arXiv:astro-ph/0604267
Rubin KHR, Weiner BJ, Koo DC, Martin CL, Prochaska JX, Coil AL, Newman JA (2010) The persistence of cool galactic winds in high stellar mass galaxies between \(z \sim 1.4\) and \(\sim 1\). Astrophys J 719(2):1503–1525. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/719/2/1503. arXiv:0912.2343
Rubin KHR, Prochaska JX, Ménard B, Murray N, Kasen D, Koo DC, Phillips AC (2011) Low-ionization line emission from a starburst galaxy: a new probe of a galactic-scale outflow. Astrophys J 728(1):55. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/728/1/55. arXiv:1008.3397
Rubin KHR, Prochaska JX, Koo DC, Phillips AC, Martin CL, Winstrom LO (2014) Evidence for ubiquitous collimated galactic-scale outflows along the star-forming sequence at \(z \sim 0.5\). Astrophys J 794(2):156. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/794/2/156. arXiv:1307.1476
Rubin KHR, Diamond-Stanic AM, Coil AL, Crighton NHM, Moustakas J (2018a) Galaxies probing galaxies in PRIMUS. I. Sample, spectroscopy, and characteristics of the \(z \sim 0.5\) Mg II-absorbing circumgalactic medium. Astrophys J 853(1):95. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa9792. arXiv:1711.08807
Rubin KHR, Diamond-Stanic AM, Coil AL, Crighton NHM, Stewart KR (2018b) Galaxies probing galaxies in PRIMUS. II. The coherence scale of the cool circumgalactic medium. Astrophys J 868(2):142. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aad566. arXiv:1806.08801
Rudie GC, Steidel CC, Trainor RF, Rakic O, Bogosavljević M, Pettini M, Reddy N, Shapley AE, Erb DK, Law DR (2012) The gaseous environment of high-z galaxies: precision measurements of neutral hydrogen in the circumgalactic medium of \(z \sim 2\)–3 galaxies in the Keck baryonic structure survey. Astrophys J 750(1):67. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/750/1/67. arXiv:1202.6055
Rudie GC, Steidel CC, Pettini M, Trainor RF, Strom AL, Hummels CB, Reddy NA, Shapley AE (2019) The column density, kinematics, and thermal state of metal-bearing gas within the virial radius of \(z \sim 2\) star-forming galaxies in the Keck baryonic structure survey. Astrophys J 885:61. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab4255. arXiv:1903.00004
Ruiz A, Rodriguez LF, Canto J, Mirabel IF (1992) High-velocity OH in absorption: a new tracer of shocked gas in outflows? Astrophys J 398:139. https://doi.org/10.1086/171843
Rupke D (2018) A review of recent observations of galactic winds driven by star formation. Galaxies 6(4):138. https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies6040138. arXiv:1812.05184
Rupke DS, Veilleux S, Sanders DB (2002) Keck absorption-line spectroscopy of galactic winds in ultraluminous infrared galaxies. Astrophys J 570(2):588–609. https://doi.org/10.1086/339789. arXiv:astro-ph/0201371
Rupke DS, Veilleux S, Sanders DB (2005a) Outflows in active galactic nucleus/starburst-composite ultraluminous infrared galaxies. Astrophys J 632(2):751–780. https://doi.org/10.1086/444451. arXiv:astro-ph/0507037
Rupke DS, Veilleux S, Sanders DB (2005b) Outflows in infrared-luminous starbursts at \(\text{ z } < 0.5\). I. Sample, Na I D spectra, and profile fitting. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 160(1):87–114. https://doi.org/10.1086/432886. arXiv:astro-ph/0506610
Rupke DS, Veilleux S, Sanders DB (2005c) Outflows in infrared-luminous starbursts at \(\text{ z } < 0.5\). II. Analysis and discussion. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 160(1):115–148. https://doi.org/10.1086/432889. arXiv:astro-ph/0506611
Rupke DSN, Veilleux S (2011) Integral field spectroscopy of massive, kiloparsec-scale outflows in the infrared-luminous QSO Mrk 231. Astrophys J Lett 729(2):L27. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/729/2/L27. arXiv:1102.4349
Rupke DSN, Veilleux S (2013a) Breaking the obscuring screen: a resolved molecular outflow in a buried QSO. Astrophys J Lett 775(1):L15. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/775/1/L15. arXiv:1308.4988
Rupke DSN, Veilleux S (2013b) The multiphase structure and power sources of galactic winds in major mergers. Astrophys J 768(1):75. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/768/1/75. arXiv:1303.6866
Rupke DSN, Veilleux S (2015) Spatially extended Na I D resonant emission and absorption in the galactic wind of the nearby infrared-luminous quasar F05189–2524. Astrophys J 801(2):126. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/801/2/126. arXiv:1411.3744
Rupke DSN, Gültekin K, Veilleux S (2017) Quasar-mode feedback in nearby type 1 quasars: ubiquitous kiloparsec-scale outflows and correlations with black hole properties. Astrophys J 850(1):40. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa94d1. arXiv:1708.05139
Rupke DSN, Coil A, Geach JE, Tremonti C, Diamond-Stanic AM, George ER, Hickox RC, Kepley AA, Leung G, Moustakas J, Rudnick G, Sell PH (2019) A 100-kiloparsec wind feeding the circumgalactic medium of a massive compact galaxy. Nature 574(7780):643–646. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1686-1
Russell HR, McNamara BR, Edge AC, Nulsen PEJ, Main RA, Vantyghem AN, Combes F, Fabian AC, Murray N, Salomé P, Wilman RJ, Baum SA, Donahue M, O’Dea CP, Oonk JBR, Tremblay GR, Voit GM (2014) Massive molecular gas flows in the A1664 brightest cluster galaxy. Astrophys J 784(1):78. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/784/1/78. arXiv:1309.0014
Russell HR, McDonald M, McNamara BR, Fabian AC, Nulsen PEJ, Bayliss MB, Benson BA, Brodwin M, Carlstrom JE, Edge AC, Hlavacek-Larrondo J, Marrone DP, Reichardt CL, Vieira JD (2017a) Alma observations of massive molecular gas filaments encasing radio bubbles in the phoenix cluster. Astrophys J 836(1):130. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/836/1/130. arXiv:1611.00017
Russell HR, McNamara BR, Fabian AC, Nulsen PEJ, Combes F, Edge AC, Hogan MT, McDonald M, Salomé P, Tremblay G, Vantyghem AN (2017b) Close entrainment of massive molecular gas flows by radio bubbles in the central galaxy of Abell 1795. Mon Not R Astron Soc 472(4):4024–4037. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx2255. arXiv:1708.08935
Russell HR, McNamara BR, Fabian AC, Nulsen PEJ, Combes F, Edge AC, Madar M, Olivares V, Salome P, Vantyghem AN (2019) Driving massive molecular gas flows in central cluster galaxies with AGN feedback. Mon Not R Astron Soc 490(3):3025–3045. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2719. arXiv:1902.09227
Ruszkowski M, Yang HYK, Zweibel E (2014) Fermi bubble simulations: black hole feedback in the Milky Way. In: Sjouwerman LO, Lang CC, Ott J (eds) The galactic center: feeding and feedback in a normal galactic nucleus, IAU Symposium, vol 303, pp 390–394. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1743921314000994, arXiv:1311.6159
Ruszkowski M, Yang HYK, Zweibel E (2017) Global simulations of galactic winds including cosmic-ray streaming. Astrophys J 834(2):208. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/834/2/208. arXiv:1602.04856
Sadowski A, Narayan R (2015) Powerful radiative jets in supercritical accretion discs around non-spinning black holes. Mon Not R Astron Soc 453(3):3213–3221. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1802. arXiv:1503.00654
Sadowski A, Narayan R (2016) Three-dimensional simulations of supercritical black hole accretion discs—luminosities, photon trapping and variability. Mon Not R Astron Soc 456(4):3929–3947. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv2941. arXiv:1509.03168
Sadowski A, Narayan R, Penna R, Zhu Y (2013) Energy, momentum and mass outflows and feedback from thick accretion discs around rotating black holes. Mon Not R Astron Soc 436(4):3856–3874. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stt1881. arXiv:1307.1143
Sadowski A, Narayan R, McKinney JC, Tchekhovskoy A (2014) Numerical simulations of super-critical black hole accretion flows in general relativity. Mon Not R Astron Soc 439(1):503–520. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stt2479. arXiv:1311.5900
Sadowski A, Lasota JP, Abramowicz MA, Narayan R (2016) Energy flows in thick accretion discs and their consequences for black hole feedback. Mon Not R Astron Soc 456(4):3915–3928. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv2854. arXiv:1510.08845
Saintonge A, Kauffmann G, Wang J, Kramer C, Tacconi LJ, Buchbender C, Catinella B, Graciá-Carpio J, Cortese L, Fabello S, Fu J, Genzel R, Giovanelli R, Guo Q, Haynes MP, Heckman TM, Krumholz MR, Lemonias J, Li C, Moran S, Rodriguez-Fernandez N, Schiminovich D, Schuster K, Sievers A (2011) COLD GASS, an IRAM legacy survey of molecular gas in massive galaxies—II. The non-universality of the molecular gas depletion time-scale. Mon Not R Astron Soc 415(1):61–76. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18823.x. arXiv:1104.0019
Saito T, Iono D, Espada D, Nakanishi K, Ueda J, Sugai H, Takano S, Yun MS, Imanishi M, Ohashi S, Lee M, Hagiwara Y, Motohara K, Kawabe R (2017) Merger-induced shocks in the nearby LIRG VV 114 through methanol observations with ALMA. Astrophys J 834(1):6. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/834/1/6. arXiv:1611.01156
Sakamoto K, Ho PTP, Peck AB (2006) Imaging molecular gas in the luminous merger NGC 3256: detection of high-velocity gas and twin gas peaks in the double nucleus. Astrophys J 644(2):862–878. https://doi.org/10.1086/503827. arXiv:astro-ph/0603079
Sakamoto K, Wang J, Wiedner MC, Wang Z, Peck AB, Zhang Q, Petitpas GR, Ho PTP, Wilner DJ (2008) Submillimeter array imaging of the CO(3–2) line and 860 \(\mu \text{ m }\) continuum of Arp 220: tracing the spatial distribution of luminosity. Astrophys J 684(2):957–977. https://doi.org/10.1086/590484. arXiv:0806.0217
Sakamoto K, Aalto S, Evans AS, Wiedner MC, Wilner DJ (2010) Vibrationally excited HCN in the luminous infrared galaxy NGC 4418. Astrophys J Lett 725(2):L228–L233. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/725/2/L228. arXiv:1011.6449
Sakamoto K, Aalto S, Costagliola F, Martín S, Ohyama Y, Wiedner MC, Wilner DJ (2013) Submillimeter interferometry of the luminous infrared galaxy NGC 4418: a hidden hot nucleus with an inflow and an outflow. Astrophys J 764(1):42. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/764/1/42. arXiv:1301.1878
Sakamoto K, Aalto S, Combes F, Evans A, Peck A (2014) An infrared-luminous merger with two bipolar molecular outflows: ALMA and SMA observations of NGC 3256. Astrophys J 797(2):90. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/797/2/90. arXiv:1403.7117
Sakamoto K, Aalto S, Barcos-Muñoz L, Costagliola F, Evans AS, Harada N, Martín S, Wiedner M, Wilner D (2017) Resolved structure of the Arp 220 nuclei at \(\lambda \approx 3 \text{ mm }\). Astrophys J 849(1):14. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa8f4b. arXiv:1709.08537
Salomé Q, Salomé P, Combes F, Hamer S, Heywood I (2016) Star formation efficiency along the radio jet in Centaurus A. Astron Astrophys 586:A45. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526409. arXiv:1511.04310
Salomé Q, Salomé P, Gusdorf A, Combes F (2019) Physical conditions in Centaurus A’s northern filaments. I. APEX mid-J CO observations of CO-bright regions. Astron Astrophys 627:A6. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833866. arXiv:1901.11148
Salter CJ, Ghosh T, Catinella B, Lebron M, Lerner MS, Minchin R, Momjian E (2008) The Arecibo ARP 220 spectral census. I. Discovery of the pre-biotic molecule methanimine and new Cm-wavelength transitions of other molecules. Astron J 136(1):389–399. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/136/1/389. arXiv:0805.1205
Santoro F, Oonk JBR, Morganti R, Oosterloo T (2015a) The jet-ISM interaction in the outer filament of Centaurus A. Astron Astrophys 574:A89. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201425103. arXiv:1411.4639
Santoro F, Oonk JBR, Morganti R, Oosterloo TA, Tremblay G (2015b) The outer filament of Centaurus A as seen by MUSE. Astron Astrophys 575:L4. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201425511. arXiv:1501.06906
Santoro F, Oonk JBR, Morganti R, Oosterloo TA, Tadhunter C (2016) Embedded star formation in the extended narrow line region of Centaurus A: extreme mixing observed by MUSE. Astron Astrophys 590:A37. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201628353. arXiv:1604.03891
Sarangi A, Dwek E, Kazanas D (2019) Dust formation in AGN winds. Astrophys J 885(2):126. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab46a9
Sarzi M, Kaviraj S, Nedelchev B, Tiffany J, Shabala SS, Deller AT, Middelberg E (2016) Cold-gas outflows in typical low-redshift galaxies are driven by star formation, not AGN. Mon Not R Astron Soc 456(1):L25–L29. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/slv165. arxiv 1510.06738
Savage BD, Bohlin RC (1979) The depletion of interstellar gaseous iron. Astrophys J 229:136–146. https://doi.org/10.1086/156938
Savage BD, Sembach KR (1996) Interstellar abundances from absorption-line observations with the Hubble Space Telescope. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 34:279–330. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.astro.34.1.279
Savage BD, Kim TS, Fox AJ, Massa D, Bordoloi R, Jenkins EB, Lehner N, Bland-Hawthorn J, Lockman FJ, Hernandez S, Wakker BP (2017) Probing the outflowing multiphase gas \(\sim 1\) kpc below the galactic center. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 232(2):25. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aa8f4c. arXiv:1707.06942
Scannapieco E (2017) The production of cold gas within galaxy outflows. Astrophys J 837(1):28. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa5d0d. arXiv:1702.00793
Scannapieco E, Brüggen M (2015) The Launching of cold clouds by galaxy outflows. I. Hydrodynamic interactions with radiative cooling. Astrophys J 805(2):158. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/805/2/158. arXiv:1503.06800
Schawinski K, Urry CM, Simmons BD, Fortson L, Kaviraj S, Keel WC, Lintott CJ, Masters KL, Nichol RC, Sarzi M, Skibba R, Treister E, Willett KW, Wong OI, Yi SK (2014) The green valley is a red herring: Galaxy Zoo reveals two evolutionary pathways towards quenching of star formation in early- and late-type galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 440(1):889–907. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu327. arXiv:1402.4814
Schawinski K, Koss M, Berney S, Sartori LF (2015) Active galactic nuclei flicker: an observational estimate of the duration of black hole growth phases of \(\sim 10^{5}\) yr. Mon Not R Astron Soc 451(3):2517–2523. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1136. arXiv:1505.06733
Schaye J, Crain RA, Bower RG, Furlong M, Schaller M, Theuns T, Dalla Vecchia C, Frenk CS, McCarthy IG, Helly JC, Jenkins A, Rosas-Guevara YM, White SDM, Baes M, Booth CM, Camps P, Navarro JF, Qu Y, Rahmati A, Sawala T, Thomas PA, Trayford J (2015) The EAGLE project: simulating the evolution and assembly of galaxies and their environments. Mon Not R Astron Soc 446(1):521–554. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu2058. arXiv:1407.7040
Scheuer PAG (1974) Models of extragalactic radio sources with a continuous energy supply from a central object. Mon Not R Astron Soc 166:513–528. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/166.3.513
Schiminovich D, van Gorkom JH, van der Hulst JM, Kasow S (1994) Discovery of neutral hydrogen associated with the diffuse shells of NGC 5128 (Centaurus A). Astrophys J Lett 423:L101. https://doi.org/10.1086/187246
Schinnerer E, Eckart A, Tacconi LJ, Genzel R, Downes D (2000) Bars and warps traced by the molecular gas in the Seyfert 2 Galaxy NGC 1068. Astrophys J 533(2):850–868. https://doi.org/10.1086/308702. arXiv:astro-ph/9911488
Schneider EE, Robertson BE (2015) CHOLLA: a new massively parallel hydrodynamics code for astrophysical simulation. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 217(2):24. https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/217/2/24. arXiv:1410.4194
Schneider EE, Robertson BE (2017) Hydrodynamical coupling of mass and momentum in multiphase galactic winds. Astrophys J 834(2):144. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/834/2/144. arXiv:1607.01788
Schroetter I, Bouché N, Péroux C, Murphy MT, Contini T, Finley H (2015) The VLT SINFONI Mg II Program for Line Emitters (SIMPLE). II. Background quasars probing \(Z \sim 1\) galactic winds. Astrophys J 804(2):83. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/804/2/83. arXiv:1502.07895
Schroetter I, Bouché N, Wendt M, Contini T, Finley H, Pelló R, Bacon R, Cantalupo S, Marino RA, Richard J, Lilly SJ, Schaye J, Soto K, Steinmetz M, Straka LA, Wisotzki L (2016) Muse gas flow and wind (MEGAFLOW). I. First MUSE results on background quasars. Astrophys J 833(1):39. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/833/1/39. arXiv:1605.03412
Schroetter I, Bouché NF, Zabl J, Contini T, Wendt M, Schaye J, Mitchell P, Muzahid S, Marino RA, Bacon R, Lilly SJ, Richard J, Wisotzki L (2019) MusE GAs FLOw and Wind (MEGAFLOW) III: galactic wind properties using background quasars. Mon Not R Astron Soc 490(3):4368–4381. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2822. arXiv:1907.09967
Schulz NS, Cui W, Canizares CR, Marshall HL, Lee JC, Miller JM, Lewin WHG (2002) The first high-resolution X-ray spectrum of Cygnus X-1: soft X-ray ionization and absorption. Astrophys J 565(2):1141–1149. https://doi.org/10.1086/324482. arXiv:astro-ph/0109236
Schulze A, Silverman JD, Daddi E, Rujopakarn W, Liu D, Schramm M, Mainieri V, Imanishi M, Hirschmann M, Jahnke K (2019) No signs of star formation being regulated in the most luminous quasars at \(z \sim 2\) with ALMA. Mon Not R Astron Soc 488(1):1180–1198. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1746. arXiv:1906.04290
Schwartz CM, Martin CL (2004) A Keck/HIRES study of kinematics of the cold interstellar medium in dwarf starburst galaxies. Astrophys J 610(1):201–212. https://doi.org/10.1086/421546. arXiv:astro-ph/0404148
Schweitzer M, Groves B, Netzer H, Lutz D, Sturm E, Contursi A, Genzel R, Tacconi LJ, Veilleux S, Kim DC, Rupke D, Baker AJ (2008) Extended silicate dust emission in palomar-green QSOs. Astrophys J 679(1):101–117. https://doi.org/10.1086/587097. arXiv:0801.4637
Scoville N, Murchikova L, Walter F, Vlahakis C, Koda J, Vanden Bout P, Barnes J, Hernquist L, Sheth K, Yun M, Sanders D, Armus L, Cox P, Thompson T, Robertson B, Zschaechner L, Tacconi L, Torrey P, Hayward CC, Genzel R, Hopkins P, van der Werf P, Decarli R (2017) ALMA resolves the nuclear disks of Arp 220. Astrophys J 836(1):66. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/836/1/66. arXiv:1605.09381
Seale JP, Looney LW, Wong T, Ott J, Klein U, Pineda JL (2012) The life and death of dense molecular clumps in the large magellanic cloud. Astrophys J 751(1):42. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/751/1/42. arXiv:1203.4505
Sell PH, Tremonti CA, Hickox RC, Diamond-Stanic AM, Moustakas J, Coil A, Williams A, Rudnick G, Robaina A, Geach JE, Heinz S, Wilcots EM (2014) Massive compact galaxies with high-velocity outflows: morphological analysis and constraints on AGN activity. Mon Not R Astron Soc 441(4):3417–3443. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu636. arXiv:1404.0677
Sellgren K, Werner MW, Dinerstein HL (1983) Extended near-infrared emission from visual reflection nebulae. Astrophys J Lett 271:L13–L17. https://doi.org/10.1086/184083
Seon Ki, Witt AN, Shinn Jh, Kim Ij (2014) Diffuse extraplanar dust in NGC 891. Astrophys J Lett 785(1):L18. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/785/1/L18. arXiv:1403.4905
Serkowski K, Mathewson DS, Ford VL (1975) Wavelength dependence of interstellar polarization and ratio of total to selective extinction. Astrophys J 196:261–290. https://doi.org/10.1086/153410
Shapley AE, Steidel CC, Pettini M, Adelberger KL (2003) Rest-frame ultraviolet spectra of \(z \sim 3\) Lyman break galaxies. Astrophys J 588(1):65–89. https://doi.org/10.1086/373922. arXiv:astro-ph/0301230
Sharma P, Roy A, Nath BB, Shchekinov Y (2014) In a hot bubble: why does superbubble feedback work, but isolated supernovae do not? Mon Not R Astron Soc 443(4):3463–3476. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu1307. arXiv:1402.6695
Sharp RG, Bland-Hawthorn J (2010) Three-dimensional integral field observations of 10 galactic winds. I. Extended phase (gsim10 Myr) of mass/energy injection before the wind blows. Astrophys J 711(2):818–852. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/711/2/818. arXiv:1001.4315
Shih HY, Rupke DSN (2010) The complex structure of the multi-phase galactic wind in a starburst merger. Astrophys J 724(2):1430–1440. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/724/2/1430. arXiv:1009.6020
Shin J, Woo JH, Chung A, Baek J, Cho K, Kang D, Bae HJ (2019) Positive and negative feedback of AGN outflows in NGC 5728. Astrophys J 881(2):147. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab2e72. arXiv:1907.00982
Shinn JH (2018) Candidate list of edge-on galaxies with substantial extraplanar dust. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 239(2):21. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aae3e5. arXiv:1809.08392
Shopbell PL, Bland-Hawthorn J (1998) The asymmetric wind in M82. Astrophys J 493(1):129–153. https://doi.org/10.1086/305108. arXiv:astro-ph/9708038
Shull JM, Tumlinson J, Jenkins EB, Moos HW, Rachford BL, Savage BD, Sembach KR, Snow TP, Sonneborn G, York DG, Blair WP, Green JC, Friedman SD, Sahnow DJ (2000) Far ultraviolet spectroscopic explorer observations of diffuse interstellar molecular hydrogen. Astrophys J Lett 538(1):L73–L76. https://doi.org/10.1086/312782
Siebenmorgen R, Haas M, Krügel E, Schulz B (2005) Discovery of 10 \(\mu \text{ m }\) silicate emission in quasars. Evidence of the AGN unification scheme. Astron Astrophys 436(1):L5–L8. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:200500109
Silich S, Tenorio-Tagle G, Munoz-Tu nón C (2003) On the rapidly cooling interior of supergalactic winds. Astrophys J 590(2):791–796. https://doi.org/10.1086/375133. arXiv:astro-ph/0303235
Silk J (2013) Unleashing positive feedback: linking the rates of star formation, supermassive black hole accretion, and outflows in distant galaxies. Astrophys J 772(2):112. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/772/2/112. arXiv:1305.5840
Silk J (2017) Feedback by massive black holes in gas-rich dwarf galaxies. Astrophys J Lett 839(1):L13. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa67da. arXiv:1703.08553
Silk J, Rees MJ (1998) Quasars and galaxy formation. Astron Astrophys 331:L1–L4 arXiv:astro-ph/9801013
Silvia DW, Smith BD, Shull JM (2010) Numerical simulations of supernova dust destruction. I. Cloud-crushing and post-processed grain sputtering. Astrophys J 715(2):1575–1590. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/715/2/1575. arXiv:1001.4793
Simons RC, Kassin SA, Weiner BJ, Heckman TM, Lee JC, Lotz JM, Peth M, Tchernyshyov K (2015) A transition mass in the local Tully-Fisher relation. Mon Not R Astron Soc 452(1):986–997. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1298. arXiv:1506.04144
Skinner MA, Ostriker EC (2015) Numerical simulations of turbulent molecular clouds regulated by reprocessed radiation feedback from nascent super star clusters. Astrophys J 809(2):187. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/809/2/187. arXiv:1507.06366
Slavin JD, Jones AP, Tielens AGGM (2004) Shock processing of large grains in the interstellar medium. Astrophys J 614(2):796–806. https://doi.org/10.1086/423834
Slavin JD, Dwek E, Jones AP (2015) Destruction of interstellar dust in evolving supernova remnant shock waves. Astrophys J 803(1):7. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/803/1/7. arXiv:1502.00929
Smith MWL, Eales SA, De Looze I, Baes M, Bendo GJ, Bianchi S, Boquien M, Boselli A, Buat V, Ciesla L, Clemens M, Clements DL, Cooray AR, Cortese L, Davies JI, Fritz J, Gomez HL, Hughes TM, Karczewski OŁ, Lu N, Oliver SJ, Remy-Ruyer A, Spinoglio L, Viaene S (2016) Far-reaching dust distribution in galaxy discs. Mon Not R Astron Soc 462(1):331–344. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw1611. arXiv:1607.01020
Smith PS, Schmidt GD, Allen RG, Angel JRP (1995) The polarization and ultraviolet spectrum of Markarian 231. Astrophys J 444:146. https://doi.org/10.1086/175589
Smith RN, Tombesi F, Veilleux S, Lohfink AM, Luminari A (2019) Discovery of an X-ray quasar wind driving the cold gas outflow in the ultraluminous infrared galaxy IRAS F05189–2524. Astrophys J 887:69. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab4ef8. arXiv:1910.14583
Socrates A, Davis SW, Ramirez-Ruiz E (2008) The Eddington limit in cosmic rays: an explanation for the observed faintness of starbursting galaxies. Astrophys J 687(1):202–215. https://doi.org/10.1086/590046. arXiv:astro-ph/0609796
Sofia UJ, Lauroesch JT, Meyer DM, Cartledge SIB (2004) Interstellar carbon in translucent sight lines. Astrophys J 605(1):272–277. https://doi.org/10.1086/382592. arXiv:astro-ph/0401510
Sofia UJ, Parvathi VS, Babu BRS, Murthy J (2011) Determining interstellar carbon abundances from strong-line transitions. Astron J 141(1):22. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/141/1/22
Sofue Y, Handa T (1984) A radio lobe over the galactic centre. Nature 310(5978):568–569. https://doi.org/10.1038/310568a0
Sokal KR, Johnson KE, Indebetouw R, Massey P (2016) The prevalence and impact of Wolf–Rayet stars in emerging massive star clusters. Astrophys J 826(2):194. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/826/2/194. arXiv:1605.08044
Solomon PM, Vanden Bout PA (2005) Molecular gas at high redshift. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 43(1):677–725. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.astro.43.051804.102221. arXiv:astro-ph/0508481
Som D, Kulkarni VP, Meiring J, York DG, Péroux C, Lauroesch JT, Aller MC, Khare P (2015) Hubble Space Telescope observations of sub-damped \(\text{ Ly }\alpha \) absorbers at \(\text{ z } < 0.5\), and implications for galaxy chemical evolution. Astrophys J 806(1):25. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/806/1/25. arXiv:1502.01989
Soma T, Sakai N, Watanabe Y, Yamamoto S (2015) Methanol in the starless core, taurus molecular cloud-1. Astrophys J 802(2):74. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/802/2/74
Somerville RS, Popping G, Trager SC (2015) Star formation in semi-analytic galaxy formation models with multiphase gas. Mon Not R Astron Soc 453(4):4337–4367. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1877. arXiv:1503.00755
Sormani MC, Barnes AT (2019) Mass inflow rate into the Central Molecular Zone: observational determination and evidence of episodic accretion. Mon Not R Astron Soc 484(1):1213–1219. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz046. arXiv:1901.00867
Sormani MC, Binney J, Magorrian J (2015) Gas flow in barred potentials. Mon Not R Astron Soc 449(3):2421–2435. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv441. arXiv:1502.02740
Sparre M, Pfrommer C, Vogelsberger M (2019) The physics of multiphase gas flows: fragmentation of a radiatively cooling gas cloud in a hot wind. Mon Not R Astron Soc 482(4):5401–5421. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty3063. arXiv:1807.07971
Spilker JS, Aravena M, Béthermin M, Chapman SC, Chen CC, Cunningham DJM, De Breuck C, Dong C, Gonzalez AH, Hayward CC, Hezaveh YD, Litke KC, Ma J, Malkan M, Marrone DP, Miller TB, Morningstar WR, Narayanan D, Phadke KA, Sreevani J, Stark AA, Vieira JD, Weiß A (2018) Fast molecular outflow from a dusty star-forming galaxy in the early Universe. Science 361(6406):1016–1019. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aap8900. arXiv:1809.01676
Spilker JS, Bezanson R, Weiner BJ, Whitaker KE, Williams CC (2019) Evidence for inside-out galaxy growth and quenching of a \(z \sim 2\) compact galaxy from high-resolution molecular gas imaging. Astrophys J 883:81. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab3804. arXiv:1908.02294
Spitzer L Jr (1968) Diffuse matter in space. Interscience Tracts on Physics and Astronomy Interscience Publication, New York
Spitzer L Jr, Cochran WD (1973) Rotational excitation of interstellar H\(_2\). Astrophys J Lett 186:L23. https://doi.org/10.1086/181349
Spitzer L Jr (1978) Physical processes in the interstellar medium. Wiley https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527617722
Spoon HWW, Tielens AGGM, Armus L, Sloan GC, Sargent B, Cami J, Charmandaris V, Houck JR, Soifer BT (2006) The detection of crystalline silicates in ultraluminous infrared galaxies. Astrophys J 638(2):759–765. https://doi.org/10.1086/498566. arXiv:astro-ph/0509859
Spoon HWW, Marshall JA, Houck JR, Elitzur M, Hao L, Armus L, Brandl BR, Charmandaris V (2007) Mid-infrared galaxy classification based on silicate obscuration and PAH equivalent width. Astrophys J Lett 654(1):L49–L52. https://doi.org/10.1086/511268. arXiv:astro-ph/0611918
Spoon HWW, Farrah D, Lebouteiller V, González-Alfonso E, Bernard-Salas J, Urrutia T, Rigopoulou D, Westmoquette MS, Smith HA, Afonso J, Pearson C, Cormier D, Efstathiou A, Borys C, Verma A, Etxaluze M, Clements DL (2013) Diagnostics of AGN-driven molecular outflows in ULIRGs from Herschel-PACS observations of OH at 119 \(\mu \text{ m }\). Astrophys J 775(2):127. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/775/2/127. arXiv:1307.6224
Stacey GJ, Townes CH, Poglitsch A, Madden SC, Jackson JM, Herrmann F, Genzel R, Geis N (1991) The optical depth of the 158 micron [12C ii] line: detection of the F = 1 0 [13C ii] hyperfine-structure component. Astrophys J Lett 382:L37. https://doi.org/10.1086/186208
Stalevski M, Tristram KRW, Asmus D (2019) Dissecting the active galactic nucleus in Circinus—II. A thin dusty disc and a polar outflow on parsec scales. Mon Not R Astron Soc 484(3):3334–3355. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz220. arXiv:1901.05488
Stanimirović S, Staveley-Smith L, Jones PA (2004) A new look at the kinematics of neutral hydrogen in the Small Magellanic Cloud. Astrophys J 604(1):176–186. https://doi.org/10.1086/381869. arXiv:astro-ph/0312223
Stanley F, Jolly JB, König S, Knudsen KK (2019) A spectral stacking analysis to search for faint outflow signatures in \(z \sim 6\) quasars. Astron Astrophys 631:A78. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834530. arXiv:1908.11395
Stark DP, Auger M, Belokurov V, Jones T, Robertson B, Ellis RS, Sand DJ, Moiseev A, Eagle W, Myers T (2013) The CASSOWARY spectroscopy survey: a new sample of gravitationally lensed galaxies in SDSS. Mon Not R Astron Soc 436(2):1040–1056. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stt1624. arXiv:1302.2663
Staveley-Smith L, Kim S, Calabretta MR, Haynes RF, Kesteven MJ (2003) A new look at the large-scale HI structure of the Large Magellanic Cloud. Mon Not R Astron Soc 339(1):87–104. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06146.x. arXiv:astro-ph/0210501
Steidel CC, Erb DK, Shapley AE, Pettini M, Reddy N, Bogosavljević M, Rudie GC, Rakic O (2010) The structure and kinematics of the circumgalactic medium from far-ultraviolet spectra of \(z \sim 2\)–3 galaxies. Astrophys J 717(1):289–322. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/717/1/289. arXiv:1003.0679
Steidel CC, Bogosavljević M, Shapley AE, Kollmeier JA, Reddy NA, Erb DK, Pettini M (2011) Diffuse \(\text{ Ly }\alpha \) emitting halos: a generic property of high-redshift star-forming galaxies. Astrophys J 736(2):160. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/736/2/160. arXiv:1101.2204
Stern J, Hennawi JF, Prochaska JX, Werk JK (2016) A universal density structure for circumgalactic gas. Astrophys J 830(2):87. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/830/2/87. arXiv:1604.02168
Sternberg A, Dalgarno A (1995) Chemistry in dense photon-dominated regions. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 99:565. https://doi.org/10.1086/192198
Sternberg A, Genzel R, Tacconi L (1994) HCN and CO in the nucleus of NGC 1068. Astrophys J Lett 436:L131. https://doi.org/10.1086/187650
Stocke JT, Case J, Donahue M, Shull JM, Snow TP (1991) New observations of the gas cloud associated with the quasar-galaxy pair 3C 232/NGC 3067. Astrophys J 374:72. https://doi.org/10.1086/170097
Stokes GM (1978) Interstellar titanium. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 36:115–141. https://doi.org/10.1086/190493
Stone M, Veilleux S, Meléndez M, Sturm E, Graciá-Carpio J, González-Alfonso E (2016) The search for molecular outflows in local volume AGNs with Herschel-PACS. Astrophys J 826(2):111. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/826/2/111. arXiv:1605.06512
Stone M, Veilleux S, González-Alfonso E, Spoon H, Sturm E (2018) Constraints on the OH-to-H abundance ratio in infrared-bright galaxies derived from the strength of the OH 35 \(\mu \text{ m }\) absorption feature. Astrophys J 853(2):132. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaa3df
Storey JWV, Watson DM, Townes CH (1981) Detection of interstellar OH in the far-infrared. Astrophys J Lett 244:L27–L30. https://doi.org/10.1086/183472
Strickland DK, Heckman TM (2009) Supernova feedback efficiency and mass loading in the starburst and galactic superwind exemplar M82. Astrophys J 697(2):2030–2056. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/697/2/2030. arXiv:0903.4175
Strickland DK, Ponman TJ, Stevens IR (1997) ROSAT observations of the galactic wind in M 82. Astron Astrophys 320:378–394 arXiv:astro-ph/9608064
Strickland DK, Heckman TM, Weaver KA, Dahlem M (2000) Chandra observations of NGC 253: new insights into the nature of starburst-driven superwinds. Astron J 120(6):2965–2974. https://doi.org/10.1086/316846. arXiv:astro-ph/0008182
Strickland DK, Heckman TM, Weaver KA, Hoopes CG, Dahlem M (2002) Chandra observations of NGC 253. II. On the origin of diffuse X-ray emission in the halos of starburst galaxies. Astrophys J 568(2):689–716. https://doi.org/10.1086/338889. arXiv:astro-ph/0111511
Struve C, Oosterloo TA, Morganti R, Saripalli L (2010) Centaurus A: morphology and kinematics of the atomic hydrogen. Astron Astrophys 515:A67. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201014355. arXiv:1003.3250
Sturm E, Lutz D, Tran D, Feuchtgruber H, Genzel R, Kunze D, Moorwood AFM, Thornley MD (2000) ISO-SWS spectra of galaxies: Continuum and features. Astron Astrophys 358:481–493 arXiv:astro-ph/0002195
Sturm E, Schweitzer M, Lutz D, Contursi A, Genzel R, Lehnert MD, Tacconi LJ, Veilleux S, Rupke DS, Kim DC, Sternberg A, Maoz D, Lord S, Mazzarella J, Sanders DB (2005) Silicate emissions in active galaxies: from LINERs to QSOs. Astrophys J Lett 629(1):L21–L23. https://doi.org/10.1086/444359. arXiv:astro-ph/0506716
Sturm E, Rupke D, Contursi A, Kim DC, Lutz D, Netzer H, Veilleux S, Genzel R, Lehnert M, Tacconi LJ, Maoz D, Mazzarella J, Lord S, Sanders D, Sternberg A (2006) Mid-infrared diagnostics of LINERS. Astrophys J Lett 653(1):L13–L16. https://doi.org/10.1086/510381. arXiv:astro-ph/0610772
Sturm E, González-Alfonso E, Veilleux S, Fischer J, Graciá-Carpio J, Hailey-Dunsheath S, Contursi A, Poglitsch A, Sternberg A, Davies R, Genzel R, Lutz D, Tacconi L, Verma A, Maiolino R, de Jong JA (2011) Massive molecular outflows and negative feedback in ULIRGs observed by Herschel-PACS. Astrophys J Lett 733(1):L16. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/733/1/L16. arXiv:1105.1731
Sturm R, Haberl F (2014) The diffuse X-ray emission of the Small Magellanic Cloud. In: The X-ray universe 2014, p 191
Su M, Slatyer TR, Finkbeiner DP (2010) Giant gamma-ray bubbles from Fermi-LAT: active galactic nucleus activity or bipolar galactic wind? Astrophys J 724(2):1044–1082. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/724/2/1044. arXiv:1005.5480
Sugahara Y, Ouchi M, Lin L, Martin CL, Ono Y, Harikane Y, Shibuya T, Yan R (2017) Evolution of galactic outflows at \(z \sim 0\)–2 revealed with SDSS, DEEP2, and Keck spectra. Astrophys J 850(1):51. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa956d. arXiv:1703.01885
Sugahara Y, Ouchi M, Harikane Y, Bouché N, Mitchell PD, Blaizot J (2019) Fast outflows identified in early star-forming galaxies at \(z = 5\)-6. Astrophys J 886:29. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab49fe. arXiv:1904.03106
Sunyaev RA, Markevitch M, Pavlinsky M (1993) The center of the galaxy in the recent past: a view from GRANAT. Astrophys J 407:606. https://doi.org/10.1086/172542
Tacchella S, Carollo CM, Renzini A, Schreiber NMF, Lang P, Wuyts S, Cresci G, Dekel A, Genzel R, Lilly SJ, Mancini C, Newman S, Onodera M, Shapley A, Tacconi L, Woo J, Zamorani G (2015) Evidence for mature bulges and an inside-out quenching phase 3 billion years after the Big Bang. Science 348(6232):314–317. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1261094. arXiv:1504.04021
Tacchella S, Dekel A, Carollo CM, Ceverino D, DeGraf C, Lapiner S, Mandelker N, Primack JR (2016) Evolution of density profiles in high-z galaxies: compaction and quenching inside-out. Mon Not R Astron Soc 458(1):242–263. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw303. arXiv:1509.00017
Tacconi LJ, Genzel R, Blietz M, Cameron M, Harris AI, Madden S (1994) The nature of the dense obscuring material in the nucleus of NGC 1068. Astrophys J Lett 426:L77. https://doi.org/10.1086/187344
Tacconi-Garman LE, Sturm E, Lehnert M, Lutz D, Davies RI, Moorwood AFM (2005) PAH emission variations within the resolved starbursts of NGC 253 and NGC 1808. Astron Astrophys 432(1):91–103. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20035738. arXiv:astro-ph/0411272
Tadhunter C, Morganti R, Rose M, Oonk JBR, Oosterloo T (2014) Jet acceleration of the fast molecular outflows in the Seyfert galaxy IC 5063. Nature 511(7510):440–443. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13520. arXiv:1407.1332
Talia M, Brusa M, Cimatti A, Lemaux BC, Amorin R, Bardelli S, Cassarà LP, Cucciati O, Garilli B, Grazian A, Guaita L, Hathi NP, Koekemoer A, Le Fèvre O, Maccagni D, Nakajima K, Pentericci L, Pforr J, Schaerer D, Vanzella E, Vergani D, Zamorani G, Zucca E (2017) AGN-enhanced outflows of low-ionization gas in star-forming galaxies at \(1.7 < \text{ z } < 4.6\). Mon Not R Astron Soc 471(4):4527–4540. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx1788. arXiv:1611.05884
Tanaka K, Nagai M, Kamegai K, Iino T, Sakai T (2018) HCN J = 4–3, HNC J = 1–0, \(\text{ H }^{13}\text{ CN }\) J = 1–0, and \(\text{ HC }_{3}\text{ N }\) J = 10–9 maps of the galactic center region. I. Spatially resolved measurements of physical conditions and chemical composition. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 236(2):40. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aab9a5. arXiv:1804.00666
Tanner R, Cecil G, Heitsch F (2016) Starburst-driven galactic superbubbles radiating to 10 K. Astrophys J 821(1):7. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/821/1/7. arXiv:1511.05165
Tanner R, Cecil G, Heitsch F (2017) Scaling relations of starburst-driven galactic winds. Astrophys J 843(2):137. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa78a8. arXiv:1608.05342
Tecza M, Thatte N, Maiolino R (2001) Probing the heart of an active galactic nucleus: NGC 1068. In: Schilizzi RT (ed) Galaxies and their constituents at the highest angular resolutions, IAU symposium, vol 205, p 216
Teimoorinia H, Bluck AFL, Ellison SL (2016) An artificial neural network approach for ranking quenching parameters in central galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 457(2):2086–2106. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw036. arXiv:1601.01258
Temim T, Dwek E, Tchernyshyov K, Boyer ML, Meixner M, Gall C, Roman-Duval J (2015) Dust destruction rates and lifetimes in the Magellanic Clouds. Astrophys J 799(2):158. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/799/2/158. arXiv:1411.4574
Temple MJ, Banerji M, Hewett PC, Coatman L, Maddox N, Peroux C (2019) [O III] Emission line properties in a new sample of heavily reddened quasars at \(\text{ z } > 2\). Mon Not R Astron Soc 487(2):2594–2613. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1420. arXiv:1905.08198
Teng SH, Veilleux S, Baker AJ (2013) Green Bank Telescope detection of polarization-dependent H I absorption and H I outflows in local ULIRGs and quasars. Astrophys J 765(2):95. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/765/2/95. arXiv:1301.5642
Teng SH, Brandt WN, Harrison FA, Luo B, Alexander DM, Bauer FE, Boggs SE, Christensen FE, Comastri A, Craig WW, Fabian AC, Farrah D, Fiore F, Gandhi P, Grefenstette BW, Hailey CJ, Hickox RC, Madsen KK, Ptak AF, Rigby JR, Risaliti G, Saez C, Stern D, Veilleux S, Walton DJ, Wik DR, Zhang WW (2014) NuSTAR reveals an intrinsically X-ray weak broad absorption line quasar in the ultraluminous infrared galaxy Markarian 231. Astrophys J 785(1):19. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/785/1/19. arXiv:1402.4811
Teplitz HI, Armus L, Soifer BT, Charmandaris V, Marshall JA, Spoon H, Lawrence C, Hao L, Higdon S, Wu Y, Lacy M, Eisenhardt PR, Herter T, Houck JR (2006) Silicate emission in the spitzer IRS spectrum of FSC 10214+4724. Astrophys J Lett 638(1):L1–L4. https://doi.org/10.1086/500791. arXiv:astro-ph/0601061
Thom C, Tumlinson J, Werk JK, Prochaska JX, Oppenheimer BD, Peeples MS, Tripp TM, Katz NS, O’Meara JM, Ford AB, Davé R, Sembach KR, Weinberg DH (2012) Not dead yet: cool circumgalactic gas in the halos of early-type galaxies. Astrophys J Lett 758(2):L41. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/758/2/L41. arXiv:1209.5442
Thompson TA, Krumholz MR (2016) Sub-Eddington star-forming regions are super-Eddington: momentum-driven outflows from supersonic turbulence. Mon Not R Astron Soc 455(1):334–342. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv2331. arXiv:1411.1769
Thompson TA, Quataert E, Murray N (2005) Radiation pressure-supported starburst disks and active galactic nucleus fueling. Astrophys J 630(1):167–185. https://doi.org/10.1086/431923. arXiv:astro-ph/0503027
Thompson TA, Fabian AC, Quataert E, Murray N (2015) Dynamics of dusty radiation-pressure-driven shells and clouds: fast outflows from galaxies, star clusters, massive stars, and AGN. Mon Not R Astron Soc 449(1):147–161. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv246. arXiv:1406.5206
Thompson TA, Quataert E, Zhang D, Weinberg DH (2016) An origin for multiphase gas in galactic winds and haloes. Mon Not R Astron Soc 455(2):1830–1844. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv2428. arXiv:1507.04362
Thompson TWJ, Howk JC, Savage BD (2004) Hubble space telescope imaging of extraplanar dust structures in the edge-on spiral NGC 4217. Astron J 128(2):662–673. https://doi.org/10.1086/422485
Thorne KS (1974) Disk-accretion onto a black hole. II. Evolution of the hole. Astrophys J 191:507–520. https://doi.org/10.1086/152991
Tollet É, Cattaneo A, Macciò AV, Dutton AA, Kang X (2019) NIHAO XIX: how supernova feedback shapes the galaxy baryon cycle. Mon Not R Astron Soc 485(2):2511–2531. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz545. arXiv:1902.03888
Tombesi F, Meléndez M, Veilleux S, Reeves JN, González-Alfonso E, Reynolds CS (2015) Wind from the black-hole accretion disk driving a molecular outflow in an active galaxy. Nature 519(7544):436–438. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14261. arXiv:1501.07664
Tombesi F, Veilleux S, Meléndez M, Lohfink A, Reeves JN, Piconcelli E, Fiore F, Feruglio C (2017) NuSTAR view of the black hole wind in the galaxy merger IRAS F11119+3257. Astrophys J 850(2):151. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa9579. arXiv:1710.07485
Tremblay GR, Combes F, Oonk JBR, Russell HR, McDonald MA, Gaspari M, Husemann B, Nulsen PEJ, McNamara BR, Hamer SL, O’Dea CP, Baum SA, Davis TA, Donahue M, Voit GM, Edge AC, Blanton EL, Bremer MN, Bulbul E, Clarke TE, David LP, Edwards LOV, Eggerman D, Fabian AC, Forman W, Jones C, Kerman N, Kraft RP, Li Y, Powell M, Randall SW, Salomé P, Simionescu A, Su Y, Sun M, Urry CM, Vantyghem AN, Wilkes BJ, ZuHone JA (2018) A galaxy-scale fountain of cold molecular gas pumped by a black hole. Astrophys J 865(1):13. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aad6dd. arXiv:1808.00473
Tremonti CA, Moustakas J, AaM Diamond-Stanic (2007) The discovery of 1000 km \(\text{ s }^{-1}\) outflows in massive poststarburst galaxies at z = 0.6. Astrophys J Lett 663(2):L77–L80. https://doi.org/10.1086/520083. arXiv:0706.0527
Treister E, Messias H, Privon GC, Nagar N, Medling AM, U V, Bauer FE, Cicone C, Barcos Munoz L, Evans AS, Muller-Sanchez F, Comerford JM, Armus L, Chang C, Koss M, Venturi G, Schawinski K, Casey C, Urry CM, Sanders DB, Scoville N, Sheth K (2020) The molecular gas in the NGC 6240 merging galaxy system at the highest spatial resolution. arXiv:2001.00601
Tristram KRW, Burtscher L, Jaffe W, Meisenheimer K, Hönig SF, Kishimoto M, Schartmann M, Weigelt G (2014) The dusty torus in the Circinus galaxy: a dense disk and the torus funnel. Astron Astrophys 563:A82. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201322698. arXiv:1312.4534
Trump JR, Hall PB, Reichard TA, Richards GT, Schneider DP, Vanden Berk DE, Knapp GR, Anderson SF, Fan X, Brinkman J, Kleinman SJ, Nitta A (2006) A catalog of broad absorption line quasars from the sloan digital sky survey third data release. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 165(1):1–18. https://doi.org/10.1086/503834. arXiv:astro-ph/0603070
Trussler J, Maiolino R, Maraston C, Peng Y, Thomas D, Goddard D, Lian J (2020) Starvation as the primary quenching mechanism in galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 491(4):5406–5434. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3286. arXiv:1811.09283
Tsai AL, Matsushita S, Kong AKH, Matsumoto H, Kohno K (2012) First detection of a subkiloparsec scale molecular outflow in the starburst galaxy NGC 3628. Astrophys J 752(1):38. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/752/1/38. arXiv:1204.3414
Tsang BTH, Milosavljević M (2015) Radiation pressure driving of a dusty atmosphere. Mon Not R Astron Soc 453(1):1108–1120. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1707. arXiv:1506.05121
Tumlinson J, Peeples MS, Werk JK (2017) The circumgalactic medium. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 55(1):389–432. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-091916-055240. arXiv:1709.09180
Tunnard R, Greve TR, Garcia-Burillo S, Graciá Carpio J, Fischer J, Fuente A, González-Alfonso E, Hailey-Dunsheath S, Neri R, Sturm E, Usero A, Planesas P (2015) Chemically distinct nuclei and outflowing shocked molecular gas in Arp 220. Astrophys J 800(1):25. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/800/1/25. arXiv:1412.3114
Turner BE (1985) VLA observations of OH in galaxies. I. NGC 253 and its nuclear plume. Astrophys J 299:312–333. https://doi.org/10.1086/163702
Uhlig M, Pfrommer C, Sharma M, Nath BB, Enßlin TA, Springel V (2012) Galactic winds driven by cosmic ray streaming. Mon Not R Astron Soc 423(3):2374–2396. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21045.x. arXiv:1203.1038
Usero A, García-Burillo S, Fuente A, Martín-Pintado J, Rodríguez-Fernández NJ (2004) Molecular gas chemistry in AGN. I. The IRAM 30 m survey of NGC 1068. Astron Astrophys 419:897–912. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20035774. arXiv:astro-ph/0402556
Valiante R, Schneider R, Maiolino R, Salvadori S, Bianchi S (2012) Quasar feedback in the early Universe: the case of SDSS J1148+5251. Mon Not R Astron Soc 427(1):L60–L64. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3933.2012.01345.x. arXiv:1205.3488
van der Tak FFS, Black JH, Schöier FL, Jansen DJ, van Dishoeck EF (2007) A computer program for fast non-LTE analysis of interstellar line spectra. With diagnostic plots to interpret observed line intensity ratios. Astron Astrophys 468(2):627–635. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20066820. arXiv:0704.0155
van der Werf PP, Berciano Alba A, Spaans M, Loenen AF, Meijerink R, Riechers DA, Cox P, Weiß A, Walter F (2011) Water vapor emission reveals a highly obscured, star-forming nuclear region in the QSO host galaxy APM 08279+5255 at z = 3.9. Astrophys J Lett 741(2):L38. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/741/2/L38. arXiv:1106.4825
van Marle AJ, Keppens R (2012) Multi-dimensional models of circumstellar shells around evolved massive stars. Astron Astrophys 547:A3. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201218957. arXiv:1209.4496
Vantyghem AN, McNamara BR, Russell HR, Edge AC, Nulsen PEJ, Combes F, Fabian AC, McDonald M, Salomé P (2018) Molecular gas filaments and star-forming knots beneath an X-ray cavity in RXC J1504–0248. Astrophys J 863(2):193. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aad2e0. arXiv:1807.04331
Vantyghem AN, McNamara BR, Russell HR, Edge AC, Nulsen PEJ, Combes F, Fabian AC, McDonald M, Salomé P (2019) An enormous molecular gas flow in the RX J0821+0752 galaxy cluster. Astrophys J 870(2):57. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaf1b4. arXiv:1811.09653
Vayner A, Wright SA, Murray N, Armus L, Larkin JE, Mieda E (2017) Galactic-scale feedback observed in the 3C 298 quasar host galaxy. Astrophys J 851(2):126. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa9c42. arXiv:1709.03510
Veilleux S (1991) A study of the structure and kinematics of the narrow-line region in seyfert galaxies. I. Atlas of line profiles. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 75:357. https://doi.org/10.1086/191534
Veilleux S, Cecil G, Bland-Hawthorn J, Tully RB, Filippenko AV, Sargent WLW (1994) The nuclear superbubble of NGC 3079. Astrophys J 433:48. https://doi.org/10.1086/174624
Veilleux S, Kim DC, Sanders DB, Mazzarella JM, Soifer BT (1995) Optical spectroscopy of luminous infrared galaxies. II. Analysis of the nuclear and long-slit data. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 98:171. https://doi.org/10.1086/192158
Veilleux S, Cecil G, Bland-Hawthorn J (2005) Galactic winds. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 43(1):769–826. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.astro.43.072103.150610. arXiv:astro-ph/0504435
Veilleux S, Kim DC, Rupke DSN, Peng CY, Tacconi LJ, Genzel R, Lutz D, Sturm E, Contursi A, Schweitzer M, Dasyra KM, Ho LC, Sanders DB, Burkert A (2009a) A deep Hubble Space Telescope H-band imaging survey of massive gas-rich mergers. II. The QUEST QSOs. Astrophys J 701(1):587–606. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/701/1/587. arXiv:0906.3157
Veilleux S, Rupke DSN, Swaters R (2009b) Warm molecular hydrogen in the galactic wind of M82. Astrophys J Lett 700(2):L149–L153. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/700/2/L149. arXiv:0907.1422
Veilleux S, Meléndez M, Sturm E, Gracia-Carpio J, Fischer J, González-Alfonso E, Contursi A, Lutz D, Poglitsch A, Davies R, Genzel R, Tacconi L, de Jong JA, Sternberg A, Netzer H, Hailey-Dunsheath S, Verma A, Rupke DSN, Maiolino R, Teng SH, Polisensky E (2013a) Fast molecular outflows in luminous galaxy mergers: evidence for quasar feedback from Herschel. Astrophys J 776(1):27. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/776/1/27. arXiv:1308.3139
Veilleux S, Trippe M, Hamann F, Rupke DSN, Tripp TM, Netzer H, Lutz D, Sembach KR, Krug H, Teng SH, Genzel R, Maiolino R, Sturm E, Tacconi L (2013b) The surprising absence of absorption in the far-ultraviolet spectrum of Mrk 231. Astrophys J 764(1):15. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/764/1/15. arXiv:1212.2401
Veilleux S, Teng SH, Rupke DSN, Maiolino R, Sturm E (2014) Half-megasecond Chandra spectral imaging of the hot circumgalactic nebula around quasar Mrk 231. Astrophys J 790(2):116. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/790/2/116. arXiv:1405.4833
Veilleux S, Meléndez M, Tripp TM, Hamann F, Rupke DSN (2016) The complete ultraviolet spectrum of the archetypal “Wind-dominated” quasar Mrk 231: absorption and emission from a high-speed dusty nuclear outflow. Astrophys J 825(1):42. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/42. arXiv:1605.00665
Veilleux S, Bolatto A, Tombesi F, Meléndez M, Sturm E, González-Alfonso E, Fischer J, Rupke DSN (2017) Quasar feedback in the ultraluminous infrared galaxy F11119+3257: connecting the accretion disk wind with the large-scale molecular outflow. Astrophys J 843(1):18. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa767d. arXiv:1706.00443
Verhamme A, Schaerer D, Atek H, Tapken C (2008) 3D \(\text{ Ly }\alpha \) radiation transfer III constraints on gas and stellar properties of \(z \sim 3\) Lyman break galaxies (LBG) and implications for high-z LBGs and \(\text{ Ly }\alpha \) emitters. Astron Astrophys 491(1):89–111. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:200809648. arXiv:0805.3601
Vermot P, Clénet Y, Gratadour D (2019) New insights on the central stellar population and gas outflow in NGC 1068 from YJH spectroscopy with SPHERE/VLT. Astron Astrophys 629:A98. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935715. arXiv:1905.09208
Vijayan A, Nath BB, Sharma P, Shchekinov Y (2020) Radio halos of star forming galaxies. Mon Not R Astron Soc 492(2):2924–2935. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3568. arXiv:1911.07870
Viti S (2016) Astrochemistry in external galaxies: how to use molecules as probes of their physical conditions. In: Jablonka P, André P, van der Tak F (eds) From interstellar clouds to star-forming galaxies: universal processes? IAU symposium, vol 315. Cambridge University Press, pp 17–25. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1743921316007195, arXiv:1603.09105
Viti S, García-Burillo S, Fuente A, Hunt LK, Usero A, Henkel C, Eckart A, Martin S, Spaans M, Muller S, Combes F, Krips M, Schinnerer E, Casasola V, Costagliola F, Marquez I, Planesas P, van der Werf PP, Aalto S, Baker AJ, Boone F, Tacconi LJ (2014) Molecular line emission in NGC 1068 imaged with ALMA. II. The chemistry of the dense molecular gas. Astron Astrophys 570:A28. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201424116. arXiv:1407.4940
Vogelsberger M, Genel S, Springel V, Torrey P, Sijacki D, Xu D, Snyder G, Nelson D, Hernquist L (2014) Introducing the Illustris Project: simulating the coevolution of dark and visible matter in the Universe. Mon Not R Astron Soc 444(2):1518–1547. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu1536. arXiv:1405.2921
Wagner AY, Bicknell GV, Umemura M (2012) Driving outflows with relativistic jets and the dependence of active galactic nucleus feedback efficiency on interstellar medium inhomogeneity. Astrophys J 757(2):136. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/757/2/136. arXiv:1205.0542
Wagner AY, Umemura M, Bicknell GV (2013) Ultrafast outflows: galaxy-scale active galactic nucleus feedback. Astrophys J Lett 763(1):L18. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/763/1/L18. arXiv:1211.5851
Wakelam V, Bron E, Cazaux S, Dulieu F, Gry C, Guillard P, Habart E, Hornekær L, Morisset S, Nyman G, Pirronello V, Price SD, Valdivia V, Vidali G, Watanabe N (2017) \(\text{ H }_{2}\) formation on interstellar dust grains: the viewpoints of theory, experiments, models and observations. Mol Astrophys 9:1–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molap.2017.11.001. arXiv:1711.10568
Walch S, Naab T (2015) The energy and momentum input of supernova explosions in structured and ionized molecular clouds. Mon Not R Astron Soc 451(3):2757–2771. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1155. arXiv:1410.0011
Walter F, Weiss A, Scoville N (2002) Molecular gas in M82: resolving the outflow and streamers. Astrophys J Lett 580(1):L21–L25. https://doi.org/10.1086/345287. arXiv:astro-ph/0210602
Walter F, Weiß A, Downes D, Decarli R, Henkel C (2011) A survey of atomic carbon at high redshift. Astrophys J 730(1):18. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/730/1/18. arXiv:1101.4027
Walter F, Bolatto AD, Leroy AK, Veilleux S, Warren SR, Hodge J, Levy RC, Meier DS, Ostriker EC, Ott J, Rosolowsky E, Scoville N, Weiss A, Zschaechner L, Zwaan M (2017) Dense molecular gas tracers in the outflow of the starburst galaxy NGC 253. Astrophys J 835(2):265. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/835/2/265. arXiv:1701.05040
Wang T, Yang C, Wang H, Ferland G (2015) Evidence for photoionization-driven broad absorption line variability. Astrophys J 814(2):150. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/150. arXiv:1510.04945
Wang X, Loeb A (2016) Contribution of quasar-driven outflows to the extragalactic gamma-ray background. Nature Phys 12:1116–1118. https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3837
Wang X, Loeb A (2017) Ultrahigh energy cosmic rays from nonrelativistic quasar outflows. Phys Rev D 95(6):063007. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.95.063007. arXiv:1611.07616
Wang X, Loeb A (2018) Self-sustaining star formation fronts in filaments during the cosmic dawn. Astrophys J Lett 862(2):L14. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aad3ce. arXiv:1804.02407
Weiner BJ, Willmer CNA, Faber SM, Melbourne J, Kassin SA, Phillips AC, Harker J, Metevier AJ, Vogt NP, Koo DC (2006) A survey of galaxy kinematics to \(z \sim 1\) in the TKRS/GOODS-N field I rotation and dispersion properties. Astrophys J 653(2):1027–1048. https://doi.org/10.1086/508921. arXiv:astro-ph/0609090
Weiner BJ, Coil AL, Prochaska JX, Newman JA, Cooper MC, Bundy K, Conselice CJ, Dutton AA, Faber SM, Koo DC, Lotz JM, Rieke GH, Rubin KHR (2009) Ubiquitous outflows in DEEP2 spectra of star-forming galaxies at z = 1.4. Astrophys J 692(1):187–211. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/692/1/187. arXiv:0804.4686
Weingartner JC, Draine BT (2001) Dust grain-size distributions and extinction in the Milky Way, Large Magellanic Cloud, and Small Magellanic Cloud. Astrophys J 548(1):296–309. https://doi.org/10.1086/318651. arXiv:astro-ph/0008146
Weiß A, Neininger N, Hüttemeister S, Klein U (2001) The effect of violent star formation on the state of the molecular gas in M 82. Astron Astrophys 365:571–587. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20000145. arXiv:astro-ph/0010541
Weiß A, Henkel C, Downes D, Walter F (2003) Gas and dust in the Cloverleaf quasar at redshift 2.5. Astron Astrophys 409:L41–L45. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20031337. arXiv:astro-ph/0309048
Weiß A, Downes D, Henkel C, Walter F (2005a) Atomic carbon at redshift \(\sim 2.5\). Astron Astrophys 429:L25–L28. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:200400085. arXiv:astro-ph/0409711
Weiß A, Walter F, Scoville NZ (2005b) The spectral energy distribution of CO lines in M 82. Astron Astrophys 438(2):533–544. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20052667. arXiv:astro-ph/0504377
Weiß A, Downes D, Neri R, Walter F, Henkel C, Wilner DJ, Wagg J, Wiklind T (2007) Highly-excited CO emission in APM 08279+5255 at z = 39. Astron Astrophys 467(3):955–969. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20066117. arXiv:astro-ph/0702669
Weiß A, Walter F, Downes D, Carrili CL, Henkel C, Menten KM, Cox P (2012) On the variations of fundamental constants and active galactic nucleus feedback in the quasi-stellar object host galaxy RXJ0911.4+0551 at \(z = 2.79\). Astrophys J 753(2):102. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/753/2/102. arXiv:1204.5614
Welty DE, Ritchey AM, Dahlstrom JA, York DG (2014) Diffuse interstellar bands versus known atomic and molecular species in the interstellar medium of M82 toward SN 2014J. Astrophys J 792(2):106
Werk JK, Prochaska JX, Tumlinson J, Peeples MS, Tripp TM, Fox AJ, Lehner N, Thom C, O’Meara JM, Ford AB, Bordoloi R, Katz N, Tejos N, Oppenheimer BD, Davé R, Weinberg DH (2014) The COS-Halos survey: physical conditions and baryonic mass in the low-redshift circumgalactic medium. Astrophys J 792(1):8. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/792/1/8. arXiv:1403.0947
Werk JK, Rubin KHR, Bish HV, Prochaska JX, Zheng Y, O’Meara JM, Lenz D, Hummels C, Deason AJ (2019) The nature of ionized gas in the milky way galactic fountain. Astrophys J 887:89. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab54cf. arXiv:1904.11014
Westmoquette MS, Smith LJ, Gallagher IJS (2011) Spatially resolved optical integral field unit spectroscopy of the inner superwind of NGC 253. Mon Not R Astron Soc 414(4):3719–3739. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18675.x. arXiv:1103.1775
Whittle M (1985) The narrow line region of active galaxies—I. Nuclear O III profiles. Mon Not R Astron Soc 213:1. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/213.1.1
Wiener J, Oh SP, Zweibel EG (2017) Interaction of cosmic rays with cold clouds in galactic haloes. Mon Not R Astron Soc 467(1):646–660. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx109. arXiv:1610.02041
Wilson TL, Rood R (1994) Abundances in the interstellar medium. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 32:191–226. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.aa.32.090194.001203
Winkler PF, Smith RC, Points SD, MCELS Team (2015) The interstellar medium in the Small Magellanic Cloud: results from MCELS. In: Points S, Kunder A (eds) Fifty years of wide field studies in the southern hemisphere: resolved stellar populations of the galactic bulge and magellanic clouds, ASP Conference Series, vol 491. Astronomical Society of the Pacific, San Francisco, p 343
Wisotzki L, Bacon R, Blaizot J, Brinchmann J, Herenz EC, Schaye J, Bouché N, Cantalupo S, Contini T, Carollo CM, Caruana J, Courbot JB, Emsellem E, Kamann S, Kerutt J, Leclercq F, Lilly SJ, Patrício V, Sandin C, Steinmetz M, Straka LA, Urrutia T, Verhamme A, Weilbacher PM, Wendt M (2016) Extended Lyman \(\alpha \) haloes around individual high-redshift galaxies revealed by MUSE. Astron Astrophys 587:A98. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201527384. arXiv:1509.05143
Wisotzki L, Bacon R, Brinchmann J, Cantalupo S, Richter P, Schaye J, Schmidt KB, Urrutia T, Weilbacher PM, Akhlaghi M, Bouché N, Contini T, Guiderdoni B, Herenz EC, Inami H, Kerutt J, Leclercq F, Marino RA, Maseda M, Monreal-Ibero A, Nanayakkara T, Richard J, Saust R, Steinmetz M, Wendt M (2018) Nearly all the sky is covered by Lyman-\(\alpha \) emission around high-redshift galaxies. Nature 562(7726):229–232. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0564-6. arXiv:1810.00843
Wolfe AM, Gawiser E, Prochaska JX (2005) Damped Ly \(\alpha \) Systems. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 43(1):861–918. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.astro.42.053102.133950. arXiv:astro-ph/0509481
Wolfire MG, Hollenbach D, McKee CF, Tielens AGGM, Bakes ELO (1995) The neutral atomic phases of the interstellar medium. Astrophys J 443:152. https://doi.org/10.1086/175510
Wolfire MG, McKee CF, Hollenbach D, Tielens AGGM (2003) Neutral atomic phases of the interstellar medium in the galaxy. Astrophys J 587(1):278–311. https://doi.org/10.1086/368016. arXiv:astro-ph/0207098
Woo JH, Son D, Bae HJ (2017) Delayed or no feedback? Gas outflows in Type 2 AGNs. III. Astrophys J 839(2):120. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa6894. arXiv:1702.06681
Wright T (1750) An original theory or new hypothesis of the universe : founded upon the laws of nature, and solving by mathematical principles : the general phaenomena of the visible creation; and particularly the Via Lactea ... : compris’d in nine familiar letters from the author to his friend : and illustrated with upward of thirty graven and mezzotinto plates. https://doi.org/10.3931/e-rara-28672
Wylezalek D, Morganti R (2018) Questions and challenges of what powers galactic outflows in active galactic nuclei. Nature Astron 2:181–182. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-018-0409-0. arXiv:1802.10307
Wylezalek D, Flores AM, Zakamska NL, Greene JE, Riffel RA (2019) Ionised gas outflow signatures in SDSS-IV MaNGA active galactic nuclei. ArXiv e-prints arXiv:1911.10212
Xie Y, Ho LC, Li A, Shangguan J (2018) The widespread presence of nanometer-size dust grains in the interstellar medium of galaxies. Astrophys J 867(2):91. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aae2b0. arXiv:1809.06552
Xu X, Arav N, Miller T, Benn C (2018) A mini-BAL outflow at 900 pc from the central source: VLT/X-shooter observations. Astrophys J 858(1):39. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aab7ea. arXiv:1805.01545
Yamagishi M, Kaneda H, Ishihara D, Kondo T, Onaka T, Suzuki T, Minh YC (2012) AKARI near-infrared spectroscopy of the aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbon emission features in the galactic superwind of M 82. Astron Astrophys 541:A10. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201218904. arXiv:1203.2794
Yang B, Stancil PC, Balakrishnan N, Forrey RC (2010) Rotational quenching of CO due to \(\text{ H }_{2}\) collisions. Astrophys J 718(2):1062–1069. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/718/2/1062. arXiv:1004.3923
Yang HYK, Ruszkowski M, Ricker PM, Zweibel E, Lee D (2012) The Fermi bubbles: supersonic active galactic nucleus jets with anisotropic cosmic-ray diffusion. Astrophys J 761(2):185. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/761/2/185. arXiv:1207.4185
Yesuf HM, Koo DC, Faber SM, Prochaska JX, Guo Y, Liu FS, Cunningham EC, Coil AL, Guhathakurta P (2017) No evidence for feedback: unexceptional low-ionization winds in host galaxies of low luminosity active galactic nuclei at redshift \(z \sim 1\). Astrophys J 841(2):83. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa6fae. arXiv:1704.08348
Yoshida M, Kawabata KS, Ohyama Y (2011) Spectropolarimetry of the superwind filaments of the starburst galaxy M 82: kinematics of dust outflow. Publ Astron Soc Japan 63:493. https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/63.sp2.S493. arXiv:1012.1503
Yoshida M, Kawabata KS, Ohyama Y, Itoh R, Hattori T (2019) Spectropolarimetry of the superwind filaments of the starburst galaxy M 82 II: Kinematics of the dust surrounding the nuclear starburst. Publ Astron Soc Japan 71(4):87. https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/psz069. arXiv:1905.11897
Yuan F, Narayan R (2014) Hot accretion flows around black holes. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 52:529–588. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-082812-141003. arXiv:1401.0586
Yuan F, Gan Z, Narayan R, Sadowski A, Bu D, Bai XN (2015) Numerical simulation of hot accretion flows. III. Revisiting wind properties using the trajectory approach. Astrophys J 804(2):101. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/804/2/101. arXiv:1501.01197
Yun MS, Ho PTP, Lo KY (1994) A high-resolution image of atomic hydrogen in the M81 group of galaxies. Nature 372(6506):530–532. https://doi.org/10.1038/372530a0
Yusef-Zadeh F, Hewitt JW, Arendt RG, Whitney B, Rieke G, Wardle M, Hinz JL, Stolovy S, Lang CC, Burton MG, Ramirez S (2009) Star formation in the central 400 pc of the Milky Way: evidence for a population of massive young stellar objects. Astrophys J 702(1):178–225. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/702/1/178. arXiv:0905.2161
Yusef-Zadeh F, Wardle M, Heywood I, Cotton W, Royster M (2019) Cosmic-ray particles in the galactic center: blowing in the wind. ArXiv e-prints arXiv:1912.11057
Zabl J, Bouché NF, Schroetter I, Wendt M, Finley H, Schaye J, Conseil S, Contini T, Marino RA, Mitchell P, Muzahid S, Pezzulli G, Wisotzki L (2019) MusE GAs FLOw and Wind (MEGAFLOW) II. A study of gas accretion around \(\text{ z } \approx 1\) star-forming galaxies with background quasars. Mon Not R Astron Soc 485(2):1961–1980. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz392. arXiv:1901.11416
Zahedy FS, Chen HW, Rauch M, Wilson ML, Zabludoff A (2016) Probing the cool interstellar and circumgalactic gas of three massive lensing galaxies at \(z = 0.4\)–0.7. Mon Not R Astron Soc 458(3):2423–2442. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw484. arXiv:1510.04307
Zahedy FS, Chen HW, Johnson SD, Pierce RM, Rauch M, Huang YH, Weiner BJ, Gauthier JR (2019) Characterizing circumgalactic gas around massive ellipticals at \(z \sim 0.4\)—II. Physical properties and elemental abundances. Mon Not R Astron Soc 484(2):2257–2280. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty3482. arXiv:1809.05115
Zakamska NL, Schmidt GD, Smith PS, Strauss MA, Krolik JH, Hall PB, Richards GT, Schneider DP, Brinkmann J, Szokoly GP (2005) Candidate type II quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky survey. III. Spectropolarimetry reveals hidden type I nuclei. Astron J 129(3):1212–1224. https://doi.org/10.1086/427543. arXiv:astro-ph/0410054
Zaritsky D (1994) Preliminary evidence for dust in galactic halos. Astron J 108:1619. https://doi.org/10.1086/117182
Zech WF, Lehner N, Howk JC, Dixon WVD, Brown TM (2008) The high-velocity gas toward Messier 5: tracing feedback flows in the inner galaxy. Astrophys J 679(1):460–480. https://doi.org/10.1086/587135. arXiv:0802.0286
Zhang D, Davis SW (2017) Radiation hydrodynamic simulations of dust-driven winds. Astrophys J 839(1):54. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa6935. arXiv:1612.00022
Zhang D, Davis SW, Jiang YF, Stone JM (2018) Dusty cloud acceleration by radiation pressure in rapidly star-forming galaxies. Astrophys J 854(2):110. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaa8e4. arXiv:1708.02946
Zhao JH, Morris MR, Goss WM, An T (2009) Dynamics of Ionized gas at the galactic center: very large array observations of the three-dimensional velocity field and location of the ionized streams in Sagittarius A West. Astrophys J 699(1):186–214. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/699/1/186. arXiv:0904.3133
Zheng W, Wang JX, Kriss GA, Sahnow D, Allen M, Dopita M, Tsvetanov Z, Bicknell G (2008) Spatially resolved far-ultraviolet spectroscopy of the nuclear region of NGC 1068. Astrophys J 686(2):881–891. https://doi.org/10.1086/591547. arXiv:0806.4641
Zheng Y, Peek JEG, Putman ME, Werk JK (2019) Revealing the Milky Way’s hidden circumgalactic medium with the cosmic origins spectrograph quasar database for galactic absorption lines. Astrophys J 871(1):35. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaf6eb. arXiv:1710.10703
Zhu G, Ménard B (2013) Calcium H & K induced by galaxy halos. Astrophys J 773(1):16. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/773/1/16. arXiv:1304.0451
Zhu GB, Comparat J, Kneib JP, Delubac T, Raichoor A, Dawson KS, Newman J, Yèche C, Zhou X, Schneider DP (2015) Near-ultraviolet spectroscopy of star-forming galaxies from eBOSS: signatures of ubiquitous galactic-scale outflows. Astrophys J 815(1):48. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/815/1/48. arXiv:1507.07979
Zhukovska S, Dobbs C, Jenkins EB, Klessen RS (2016) Modeling dust evolution in galaxies with a multiphase, inhomogeneous ISM. Astrophys J 831(2):147. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/831/2/147. arXiv:1608.04781
Zovaro HRM, Nesvadba NPH, Sharp R, Bicknell GV, Groves B, Mukherjee D, Wagner AY (2019) Searching for signs of jet-driven negative feedback in the nearby radio galaxy UGC 05771. Mon Not R Astron Soc p 2119, https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2459, arXiv:1909.00144
Zschaechner LK, Walter F, Bolatto A, Farina EP, Kruijssen JMD, Leroy A, Meier DS, Ott J, Veilleux S (2016) The molecular wind in the nearest Seyfert Galaxy Circinus revealed by ALMA. Astrophys J 832(2):142. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/832/2/142. arXiv:1609.06316
Zschaechner LK, Bolatto AD, Walter F, Leroy AK, Herrera C, Krieger N, Kruijssen JMD, Meier DS, Mills EAC, Ott J, Veilleux S, Weiss A (2018) Spatially resolved \(^{12}\text{ CO }(2-1)/^{12}\text{ CO }(1-0)\) in the starburst galaxy NGC 253: assessing optical depth to constrain the molecular mass outflow rate. Astrophys J 867(2):111. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aadf32. arXiv:1809.01160
Zubko VG, Laor A (2000) The spectral signature of dust scattering and polarization in the near-infrared to far-ultraviolet. I. Optical depth and geometry effects. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 128(1):245–269. https://doi.org/10.1086/313373. arXiv:astro-ph/9905294
Zubovas K (2018) Massive outflow properties suggest AGN fade slowly. Mon Not R Astron Soc 473(3):3525–3535. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx2569. arXiv:1710.01053
Zubovas K, King A (2012) Clearing out a galaxy. Astrophys J Lett 745(2):L34. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/745/2/L34. arXiv:1201.0866
Zubovas K, King AR (2014) Galaxy-wide outflows: cold gas and star formation at high speeds. Mon Not R Astron Soc 439(1):400–406. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stt2472. arXiv:1401.0392
Zubovas K, King AR, Nayakshin S (2011) The Milky Way’s Fermi bubbles: echoes of the last quasar outburst? Mon Not R Astron Soc 415(1):L21–L25. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3933.2011.01070.x. arXiv:1104.5443
Zubovas K, Nayakshin S, Sazonov S, Sunyaev R (2013) Outflows of stars due to quasar feedback. Mon Not R Astron Soc 431(1):793–798. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stt214. arXiv:1302.0999
Acknowledgements
The authors thank the two referees of this review, particularly Mark Krumholz who provided a thorough report and made several constructive suggestions which improved the review. S.V. thanks the Editor, Joel Bregman, for the invitation to write this review. He thanks NASA for partial support of this research through NASA Grant ADAP NNX16AF24G. S.V. also acknowledges support from a Raymond and Beverley Sackler Distinguished Visitor Fellowship and thanks the host institute, the Institute of Astronomy, where most of this review was written. He is also grateful for support by the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) and by the Kavli Institute for Cosmology, Cambridge. S.V. also appreciates the hospitality of the Space Telescope Science Institute, where this review was completed. R.M. acknowledges ERC Advanced Grant 695671 ‘QUENCH’ and support by the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC). A.B. acknowledges partial support from NSF-AST1615960. S. A. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, Grant agreement no. ERC-2017-ADG-789410. S.A. also acknowledges the Swedish Research Council Grant 621-2011-4143.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Veilleux, S., Maiolino, R., Bolatto, A.D. et al. Cool outflows in galaxies and their implications. Astron Astrophys Rev 28, 2 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00159-019-0121-9
Received:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00159-019-0121-9