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Peroxiredoxins in erythrocytes: far beyond the antioxidant role

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Abstract

The red blood cells (RBCs) are essential to transport oxygen (O2) and nutrients throughout the human body. Changes in the structure or functioning of the erythrocytes can lead to several deficiencies, such as hemolytic anemias, in which an increase in reactive oxidative species generation is involved in the pathophysiological process, playing a significant role in the severity of several clinical manifestations. There are important lines of defense against the damage caused by oxidizing molecules. Among the antioxidant molecules, the enzyme peroxiredoxin (Prx) has the higher decomposition power of hydrogen peroxide, especially in RBCs, standing out because of its abundance. This review aimed to present the recent findings that broke some paradigms regarding the three isoforms of Prxs found in RBC (Prx1, Prx2, and Prx6), showing that in addition to their antioxidant activity, these enzymes may have supplementary roles in transducing peroxide signals, as molecular chaperones, protecting from membrane damage, and maintenance of iron homeostasis, thus contributing to the overall survival of human RBCs, roles that seen to be disrupted in hemolytic anemia conditions.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Servier Medical Art Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License (http://smart.servier.com) for the image used to production of the figures presented in this article.

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This work was supported by FAPESP (2011/50358-3) and CAPES. Author JPMOS has received research support from CAPES.

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  1. Genetics and Evolution Department, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil

    Carla Peres de Paula, João Pedro Maia de Oliveira da Silva, Karen Simone Romanello & Anderson Ferreira da Cunha

  2. Biotechnology Graduate Program, Exact and Technology Sciences Center, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil

    Carla Peres de Paula

  3. Evolutionary Genetics and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil

    João Pedro Maia de Oliveira da Silva & Karen Simone Romanello

  4. Department of Biology, Paulista State University, São Paulo, Brazil

    Victoria Simões Bernardo, Flaviene Felix Torres & Danilo Grünig Humberto da Silva

  5. Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus de Três Lagoas, Três Lagoas, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

    Danilo Grünig Humberto da Silva

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All authors contributed to the review conception and design. Carla Peres de Paula wrote the first draft of the manuscript. CPP, KSR, JPMOS, VSB, and FFT reviewed the literature. VSB, FFT, AFC, and DGHS critically revised the work. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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de Paula, C.P., de Oliveira da Silva, J.P.M., Romanello, K.S. et al. Peroxiredoxins in erythrocytes: far beyond the antioxidant role. J Mol Med 101, 1335–1353 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00109-023-02368-7

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