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Ernährung und Hypertonie

Worauf man neben der medikamentösen Therapie achten sollte

Nutrition and hypertension

What one should pay attention to in addition to the pharmaceutical treatment

  • Schwerpunkt: Hypertonie
  • Published:
Der Internist Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Zusammenfassung

Die arterielle Hypertonie sowie eine Reihe von diätetischen Risikofaktoren führen die globalen Mortalitätsstatistiken für nichtübertragbare Erkrankungen an. Die sog. westliche Ernährungsweise und ein zunehmend sedentärer Lebensstil sind mitverantwortlich für die hohe Prävalenz der Hypertonie. Eine gesündere Ernährung nimmt einen großen Stellenwert in der Prävention und der Behandlung von Bluthochdruck ein. Angesichts der vielfältigen Möglichkeiten der Ernährungsmodifikation ist es notwendig, wichtige evidenzbasierte Eckpfeiler einer blutdrucksenkenden Ernährung zu definieren und deren diesbezügliches Potenzial einzuschätzen. Während in den letzten Jahrzehnten umfassende Evidenz geschaffen wurde und Leitlinien eine gesündere Ernährung betonen, bleibt die Umsetzung von Ernährungsmodifikationen im klinischen Alltag eine Herausforderung. Information und Schulung sowie ärztliche und ernährungsberatende Begleitung der Patienten können helfen, Maßnahmen wie Gewichts- und Natriumrestriktion langfristig umzusetzen, um die Prognose von Patienten mit Bluthochdruck zu verbessern.

Abstract

Arterial hypertension along with a number of dietary risk factors top the global mortality statistics for noncommunicable diseases. The so-called Western diet and an increasingly sedentary lifestyle are partly responsible for the high prevalence of hypertension. A healthier diet has a major role in the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Given the wide range of options for dietary modifications, it is necessary to define important evidence-based cornerstones of a blood pressure-lowering diet and to assess its blood pressure-lowering potential. While extensive evidence has been generated in recent decades and guidelines emphasize healthier diets, implementation of dietary modifications remains a challenge in everyday clinical practice. Information and education as well as medical and nutritional support for patients can help to implement measures, such as weight and sodium restriction in the long term to improve the prognosis of patients with hypertension.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Experimental and Clinical Research Center, eine Kooperation von Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin und Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, Berlin, Deutschland

    Victoria McParland &  Nicola Wilck

  2. Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft, Berlin, Deutschland

    Victoria McParland &  Nicola Wilck

  3. Partner Site Berlin, Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland

    Nicola Wilck

  4. Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Deutschland

    Nicola Wilck

  5. Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Nephrologie und Internistische Intensivmedizin, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Deutschland

    Nicola Wilck

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  1. Victoria McParland
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Correspondence to Nicola Wilck.

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V. McParland und N. Wilck geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autoren keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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McParland, V., Wilck, N. Ernährung und Hypertonie. Internist 62, 269–276 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-021-00988-0

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