Summaries
Modern cosmology underlines the complexity of space time whose full description requires multidimensions and relativity. The objective-subjective world of colour space may seem equally complex, and the continued development of colour order systems is a testimony to this. Navigation in colour or physical space requires answers to such questions as where are we now, where do we want to go, and how do we get there? Colour derived from pigments has both intrinsic and extrinsic character. As a consequence of the latter, just about every aspect of colour delivery including dispersion, dilution, reduction, drying and shearing can take the hue in a different direction within the chosen colour space. Understanding the practical implications of this is an important aspect of colour delivery with a direct bearing on comparing and optimising products or processes.
[This paper introduced a Seminar on Colour Delivery held at Leeds University, April 2002]
Résumé
La cosmologie moderne souligne la complexité de l’espace-temps, ce phénomène dont une description complète fait appel aux multi-dimensions et à la relativité. Le monde objectif-subjectif de l’espace des couleurs pourrait paraître aussi complexe à son tour, proposition qui est confirmé par l’évolution continue des systèmes de couleurs. Pour naviguer dans l’espace des couleurs comme dans l’espace physique il faut répondre à de telles questions que « Où sommes-nous à cet instant? », « Où voulons-nous aller? » et « Qu’est-ce qu’il faut faire pour arriver à ce point? ». Les couleurs qui sont dérivées des pigments ont un caractère intrinsèque et extrinsèque. Par conséquent de ce dernière, presque chaque aspect de la livraison d’une couleur, y compris la dispersion, la dilution, la réduction, le séchange et le cisaillement, peut mener la couleur dans une direction différente, au sein de l’aire choisie de l’espace des couleurs. Comprendre les implications pratiques de cela est un aspect important de la livraison des couleurs, aspect qui a une pertinence directe dans le domaine de la comparaison et l’optimalisation de producits et de procédés.
[Cet article inaugura un séminaire au sujet de la livraison des couleurs à Leeds University, avril 2002]
Zusammenfassung
Moderne Astronomie zeigt uns, daß der Weltraum so komplex ist daß wir komplizierte Theorien wie Multi-Dimensionen und die Relativitätstheorie brauchen um ihn zu verstehen. Die objektive/subjektive Welt der Farbe ist genauso komplex.
wie die ständige Weiterentwicklung unserer Farbordnungssysteme beweist. Um sich in der räumlichen wie in der farblichen Welt zurechtzufinden, müssen wir die folgenden Fragen beantworten: wo sind wir jetzt, wo wollen wir hin, und wie gelangen wir dahin? Farbe auf Pigment-Basis hat sowohl einen intrinsischen als auch einen extrinsischen Character. Als eine Folge des Letzteren hat fast jeder Aspekt der Farbgebung einen Einfluß auf den endgültigen Farbwert, von Dispersion über Verdünnung, Reduktion, Trocknung bis zum Scherwert. Es ist wichthig, die praktischen Implikationen von diesen Effekten zu verstehen, da sie einen direkten Einfluß auf den Vergleich und die Optimisierung von Produkten und Prozessen haben.
[Diese Arbeit leitete ein Seminar zur Farbgebung an der Universität von Leeds im April 2002 ein]
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Brill M H, Conference Report, ‘Colour Perception: Philosophical, psychological, artistic, and computational aspects’,Colour Research and Application,21, (4), 318–21, 9th Annual Vancouver Science Conference, 9th to 10th February 1996
Newton I (Sir),Philosophical Transactions, 1672
Jackson F, ‘The causal theory of colour’, Conference report
Hilbert D, ‘Colour similarity and physical similarity’, Conference Report
Gabel P, ‘Goniochromatic quality control of effect pigments,’ Paper 16. Colour Delivery Challenge, Leeds University, 3rd to 4th May 2000
Nassau K,The Fifteen Causes of Colour: The Physics and Chemistry of Colour, John Wiley, 1983
Kulube H M and C J Hawkyard, ‘Predicting the colour of trichromatic prints’,Colour Research and Application,20, (1), 55–61, February 1995
Berlin B and P Kay,Basic Colour Terms: Their Universality and Evolution, University of California Press, June 1969
Hard A and L Sivik, ‘NCS — Natural colour system: A Swedish standard for colour notation’,Colour Research and Application,6, (3), 129–38, 1981
D 2244, ‘Standard test method for calculation of colour difference’,ASTM Annual Book of Standards, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Wakeford C, ‘The Munsell colour order system’, Paper 2, Colour Delivery Challenge, Leeds University, 3rd to 4th May 2000
Richter M and K Witt, ‘The story of the DIN colour system’,Colour Research and Application,11, (2), 138–41, Summer 1996
Derefeldt G and C Sahlin, ‘Transformation of NCS data into CIELAB colour space’,Colour Research and Application,11, (2), 146–7, Summer 1986
Billmeyer F W, M Saltzman and R S Berns,Principles of Colour Technology, (3rd edition), John Wiley, 2000
Saunders B, ‘Revisiting basic colour terms’, Paper from Anthropolgy and Psychology conference, St Johns College, Cambridge, 10th to 12th August 1998 (http://www.human-nature.com/science-as-culture/saumders)
Smith N S and F W Billmeyer, ‘Virtual colour: Communication standard and analytical tool’,Colour Research and Application,22, (3), 204–11, June 1997
Volz H G,Industrial Color Testing, VCH, 1995
Graystone J A, ‘Integrating colour delivery skills’, Paper 1, Colour Delivery Challenge, Leeds University, 3rd to 4th May 2000
Colclough M L, E Z Shepherd and C E Taylor, ‘Measurement of colour property of wet paint while sample is subjected to a shearing force’, EP0304172, 1989
Mie G,Ann Physik, 25, 1908
Kerker M, P Scheiner, D D Cooke and J P Kratohvil ‘Absorption index and color of colloidal hematite’,J Colloid and Interface Science,71, (1), August 1979
Matijevic E, ‘Uniform inorganic colloid dispersions’,Langmuir,10, (1) 1994
Gall L, ‘Objective coloristic dye and pigment testing with electronic data processing’,Farbe & Lack,75, 9, 1969
Yang H, ‘Film thickness and PVC effects on colour properties’,Colour Research and Application,20, (4), 255–61, August 1995
Maikowski M, ‘Influence of the colloidal dispersion state on the properties of organic pigments’,Progr Colloid and Polymer Science,59, 70, 1976
Graystone J A, ‘Meeting the colour delivery challenge’, PRA 15th International Conference, Brussels, 13th November 1995
Carr W, ‘Flocculation of phthalocyanine blues: Fact or fiction?’J Paint Technol,42, (551), December 1970
Graystone J A, ‘Best practices in the design, processing and scale-up of pigmented intermediates’, PRA Pigmented Intermediates, Processing and Performance conference, Paper 1, Brussels, Belgium, 4th March 2002
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Graystone, J. Journeys into colour space. Surface Coatings International Part B: Coatings Transactions 87, 221–228 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02699638
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02699638