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Control of the Development, Distribution, and Function of Innate-Like Lymphocytes and Innate Lymphoid Cells by the Tissue Microenvironment

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Basic Immunology and Its Clinical Application

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1444))

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Abstract

Recently, considerable attention has been directed toward innate-like T cells (ITCs) and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) owing to their indispensable contributions to immune responses, tissue homeostasis, and inflammation. Innate-like T cells include NKT cells, MAIT cells, and γδ T cells, whereas ILCs include NK cells, type 1 ILCs (ILC1s), type 2 ILCs (ILC2s), and type 3 ILCs (ILC3s). Many of these ITCs and ILCs are distributed to specific tissues and remain tissue-resident, while others, such as NK cells and some γδ T cells, circulate through the bloodstream. Nevertheless, recent research has shed light on novel subsets of innate immune cells that exhibit characteristics intermediate between tissue-resident and circulating states under normal and pathological conditions. The local microenvironment frequently influences the development, distribution, and function of these innate immune cells. This review aims to consolidate the current knowledge on the functional heterogeneity of ITCs and ILCs, shaped by local environmental cues, with particular emphasis on IL-15, which governs the activities of the innate immune cells involved in type 1 immune responses.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grants 20H03501 and 23H02735 (K.I.), and 19K16687 and 17K15721 (G.C.); a grant from the Takeda Science Foundation (G.C.); and the Shimizu Foundation for Immunology and Neuroscience grant for 2016 (G.C.). It was also supported by the Joint Usage Research Center program of the Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University.

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  1. Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Koichi Ikuta, Takuma Asahi, Guangwei Cui, Shinya Abe & Daichi Takami

  2. Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Takuma Asahi

  3. Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Daichi Takami

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Correspondence to Koichi Ikuta .

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  1. Professor Emeritus, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan

    Mitsuru Matsumoto

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Ikuta, K., Asahi, T., Cui, G., Abe, S., Takami, D. (2024). Control of the Development, Distribution, and Function of Innate-Like Lymphocytes and Innate Lymphoid Cells by the Tissue Microenvironment. In: Matsumoto, M. (eds) Basic Immunology and Its Clinical Application. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1444. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-9781-7_8

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