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Wireless Biosensors for Healthcare: Smart Contact Lenses and Microbial Devices

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Wearable Biosensing in Medicine and Healthcare

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Abstract

Non-invasive detection of bio-signals from the human body is a stimulating and exciting challenge in healthcare. Wireless biosensors integrated into smart contact lenses have great potential to transform healthcare by providing non-invasive and real-time monitoring of various health metrics. These biosensors can provide diverse health metrics, such as glucose levels, eye pressure, and body temperature, while simultaneously transmitting the measured data wirelessly to a remote device. Wireless smart contact lenses provide numerous benefits, such as improved patient comfort and a more convenient and efficient way of monitoring health. However, developing wireless biosensors for smart contact lenses presents several technical challenges that must be addressed. These challenges include ensuring the safety and reliability of the biosensors and developing effective wireless transmission systems. Overcoming these technical issues will require implementing innovative designs and engineering solutions. Despite these challenges, the potential of wireless biosensors integrated into smart contact lenses is significant and has sparked an active area of research and development in biotechnology. This chapter starts with an introduction to wireless power transmission and then discusses in detail the principles and advancements of smart contact lenses, specifically focusing on wireless biosensors and their potential applications in healthcare. In the third part of this chapter, we also describe another promising and emerging wireless biosensing technology for healthcare, namely microbial electrochemical devices. Such devices often rely on the bioconversion processes of analytes by microbes, transduced into measurable electrical signals by conductive materials or by the microbes themselves. Thanks to advances in soft and organic conducting materials, flexible hybrid electronics, and fabrication technologies based on printing and electrochemistry, microbial devices can be deployed in thin and lightweight form factors on skin, in the oral cavity, and soon also in the gut to wirelessly perform the early detection of disease markers and monitor health-related (bio)chemical signals.

S. Azhari—equal contributions

G. Méhes—equal contributions

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, 2-7 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0135, Japan

    Saman Azhari, Gábor Méhes & Takeo Miyake

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  1. Saman Azhari
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  2. Gábor Méhes
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Correspondence to Takeo Miyake .

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  1. Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan

    Kohji Mitsubayashi

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Azhari, S., Méhes, G., Miyake, T. (2024). Wireless Biosensors for Healthcare: Smart Contact Lenses and Microbial Devices. In: Mitsubayashi, K. (eds) Wearable Biosensing in Medicine and Healthcare. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8122-9_8

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