Abstract
Palm oil is usually used for the needs of food, chemical industry, and cosmetic industry. The basic processing of palm fruit can produce two types of oil namely crude palm oil (CPO) which is produced from the extraction process of the mesocarp part of the oil palm fruit and palm kernel oil (PKO) as an extract of the palm kernel part. Naturally, oils and fats have specific characteristics, and the development of food processing and technology causes these characteristics to not able to meet all the expected needs to obtain products with certain functional properties such as: lipids for sufferers of coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes sufferers, patients in the post-operative recovery period, patients who suffer from allergies or digestive problems, and consumers who are controlling their weight low-calorie products. The dominant fatty acids in palm oil are palmitic, oleic acid, and linoleic acid. CPO also contains minor components such as squalene, sterols, and carotenoids. Structured lipids (SLs) are the result of modification or restructuring of triacylglycerols, which can be obtained by chemical or enzymatic interesterification of triacylglycerols containing short, medium, and/or long chain fatty acids. SLs are the result of modification or restructuring of triacylglycerols, which can be obtained by chemical or enzymatic interesterification of triacylglycerols. SLs can be sourced from animal or vegetable fats, or genetic engineering. SLs are synthesized for the purpose of obtaining functional lipids or nutraceuticals, which can improve or modify the physical, chemical, and rheological characteristics of oils and fats, and changing or enhancing nutrition properties of food, giving a certain health benefit. Palm oil has special fatty acids and other minor components, making it possible to be used as a raw material for the manufacture of SLs so that their bioavailability increases. Functional oil and fat production can be catalyzed by lipase. Fats/oils can improve physicochemical and nutritional properties using a lipase catalyst. Palm oil has special fatty acids and other minor components, making it possible to be used as a raw material for the manufacture of SLs so that their bioavailability increases. Functional oil and fat production can be catalyzed by lipase. Fats/oils can improve physicochemical and nutritional properties using a lipase catalyst.
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Nurhasanah, S., Munarso, S.J. (2024). Structured Lipids Based on Palm Oil. In: Lubis, M.A.R., et al. Biomass Conversion and Sustainable Biorefinery. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-7769-7_9
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