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Internal Migration and Urban Development: Recent Experiences of China

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Urban Dynamics, Environment and Health

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Abstract

China has seen an unprecedented urbanization and industrialization process since 1978, during which internal migration has played an important part in shaping the overall urban development across the country. Based on China’s recent urban development experiences, this chapter explores the links between internal migration and socio-economic development, with a focus on the critical role of state policies. It first examines major trends and characteristics of internal migration in mainland China, and then elaborates links between internal migration and socio-economic development. China is a vast country with diverse geographical, demographic, cultural, and socio-economic conditions across different regions. It is therefore important to evaluate its urban development in a systematic manner regarding issues of regional inequalities, as well as the associated challenges and opportunities of internal migration in affecting urban employment and poverty. Some local governments strategically implement state policies of migration management and regional development in accordance with local needs, which have greatly facilitated harnessing the merits of internal labour relocation as a source of urban socio-economic development. Such practices have also helped to cultivate the sense of “localised urbanisation” as a nationwide state-led development manifesto. The chapter suggests that China’s experiences of internal migration and urban development have important implications for policy making regarding migration management and regional development governance, and can be shared by other developing countries.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    According to China Statistical Yearbook 2017, the peak value was 298 million in 2014, which reduced to 294 and 292 million in 2015 and 2016 respectively.

  2. 2.

    Data source is Reports on China’s Migrant Population Development.

  3. 3.

    Data source is the National Bureau of Statistics of China.

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  1. Department Public Health, Policy and Systems, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK

    Xingna Nina Zhang

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  1. Department of Geography, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Braj Raj Kumar Sinha

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Zhang, X.N. (2023). Internal Migration and Urban Development: Recent Experiences of China. In: Sinha, B.R.K. (eds) Urban Dynamics, Environment and Health. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-5744-6_27

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