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Applications of Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy in Studying Protein Folding, Stability, and Interaction

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Protein Folding Dynamics and Stability

Abstract

Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy has been extensively used to determine the structure and folding of proteins. It provides valuable information about the protein folding phenomenon, especially the molten globule or other intermediates of the folding/unfolding pathway. This technique is beneficial in characterizing protein obtained via recombinant techniques or isolated from tissues. In addition, the effect of mutations on the folding and conformational stability of the protein can be readily assessed using CD spectroscopy. Unlike X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy, the two primary powerful structure determination techniques, the ease and the requirement of low protein concentrations, make CD spectroscopy a desirable and demanding method of choice. This chapter discusses applications of CD spectroscopy in measuring protein structure and stability. The CD spectroscopic investigation of conformational changes and protein stability studied through steady-state and time-resolved CD measurements have been further highlighted. This chapter will provide a better understanding of CD spectroscopy and its uses in biomolecular studies.

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Acknowledgments

This work is supported by grants from the Indian Council of Medical Research, Government of India (Grant No. ISRM/12(22)/2020). P.G. thanks DST for the award of the National Post Doctoral Fellowship (File no. PDF/2017/001084). F.A. is thankful to the Indian National Science Academy for the award of the Senior Scientist Position.

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  1. Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India

    Preeti Gupta, Asimul Islam & Md Imtaiyaz Hassan

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India

    Faizan Ahmad

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  1. Preeti Gupta
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  3. Faizan Ahmad
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  4. Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
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Correspondence to Md Imtaiyaz Hassan .

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana, India

    Prakash Saudagar

  2. Department of Biochemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India

    Timir Tripathi

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© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

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Gupta, P., Islam, A., Ahmad, F., Hassan, M.I. (2023). Applications of Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy in Studying Protein Folding, Stability, and Interaction. In: Saudagar, P., Tripathi, T. (eds) Protein Folding Dynamics and Stability. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-2079-2_1

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