Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Therapeutic Applications in Peripheral Nervous System Disorders

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Therapeutic Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Veterinary Medicine

  • 187 Accesses

Abstract

Peripheral nerve affections are not uncommon in veterinary species. Numerous nerves are affected with predilection for some specific nerves. Currently, no specific and effective treatment is available. To address the challenge, regenerative medicine incorporating mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and scaffolds are being evaluated. Peripheral nerve injury is studied in experimental and clinical cases. Tissue-engineered constructs employing MSCs are mainly studied for sciatic nerve injuries. The limited available literature on applications of MSCs in nerve affections in veterinary species shows promising role, however, consensus lacks on their definitive applications. The current chapter discusses peripheral nerve injury models and critically evaluates MSCs therapeutic effects.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abdel Azeem A, Abel-Rahman MA, Mohammed IA, Aboul-Ezz EHA, Abdel-Hameed MA (2014) Evaluation of motor nerve regeneration using guided tubes seeded with stem cells “an experimental study”. Egypt Dent J 60:146–156

    Google Scholar 

  • Al-Massri KF, Ahmed LA, El-Abhar HS (2020) Mesenchymal stem cells in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: a new challenging approach that requires further investigations. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 14:108–122

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Alvites R, Caseiro AR, Pedrosa SS, Branquinho MV, Ronchi G, Geuna S, Varejão ASP, Maurício AC (2018) Peripheral nerve injury and axonotmesis: state of the art and recent advances. Cogent Med 5(1):1466404

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Amado S, Simões MJ, Armada da Silva PAS, Luís AL, Shirosaki Y, Lopes MA, Santos JD, Fregnan F, Gambarotta G, Raimondo S, Fornaro M, Veloso AP, Varejão ASP, Maurício AC, Geuna S (2008) Use of hybrid chitosan membranes and N1E-115 cells for promoting nerve regeneration in an axonotmesis rat model. Biomaterials 29:4409–4419

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baptista AF, Gomes JR, Oliveira JT, Santos SM, Vannier-Santos MA, Martinez AM (2008) High- and low-frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation delay sciatic nerve regeneration after crush lesion in the mouse. J Peripher Nerv Syst 13:71–80

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barigye R, Davis S, Hunt R, Hunt N, Walsh S, Elliott N, Burnup C, Aumann S, Day C, Dyrting K, Weir R, Melville LF (2016) Viral neurotropism, peripheral neuropathy and other morphological abnormalities in bovine ephemeral fever virus-infected downer cattle. Aust Vet J 94(10):362–370

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bassilios Habre S, Bond G, Jing XL, Kostopoulos E, Wallace RD, Konofaos P (2018) The surgical management of nerve gaps: present and future. Ann Plast Surg 80:252–261

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blom CL, Mårtensson LB, Dahlin LB (2014) Nerve injury-induced c-Jun activation in Schwann cells is JNK independent. Biomed Res Int 2014:392971

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bridge PM, Ball DJ, Mackinnon SE, Nakao Y, Brandt K, Hunter DA, Hertl C (1994) Nerve crush injuries—a model for axonotmesis. Exp Neurol 127:284–290

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Calderon-Martinez D, Garavito Z, Spinel C, Hurtado H (2002) Schwann cell-enriched cultures from adult human peripheral nerve: a technique combining short enzymatic dissociation and treatment with cytosine arabinoside (AraC). J Neurosci Methods 114:1

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Casañas J, de la Torre J, Solerc F, Garcíab F, Rodellard C, Pumarolac M, Climente J, Solerf R, Orozco L (2014) Peripheral nerve regeneration after experimental section in sheep radial and tibial nerves using synthetic nerve grafts, including expanded bone marrow mesenchymal cells: morphological and neurophysiological results. Injury 45(S4):S2–S6

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chen L, Qin J, Cheng C, Niu S, Liu Y, Shi S, Liu H, Shen A (2008) Spatiotemporal expression of SSeCKS in injured rat sciatic nerve. Anat Rec 291:527–537

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen C, Tian Y, Wang J, Zhang X, Nan L, Dai P, Gao Y, Zheng S, Liu W, Zhang Y (2019) Testosterone propionate can promote effects of acellular nerve allograft-seeded bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on repairing canine sciatic nerve. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 1–17

    Google Scholar 

  • Chhabra A et al (2014) Peripheral nerve injury grading simplified on MR neurography: as referenced to Seddon and Sunderland classifications. Indian J Radiol Imaging 24(3):217–224

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Choulam A (2017) Peripheral neuropathy & animal models of peripheral neuropathy: a review. Asian J Pharm Technol Innov 03(10):42–60

    Google Scholar 

  • Cui Y, Yao Y, Zhao Y, Xiao Z, Cao Z, Han S, Dai J (2018) Functional collagen conduits combined with human mesenchymal stem cells promote regeneration after sciatic nerve transection in dogs. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 12(5):1285–1296

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dadon-Nachum M, Melamed E, Offen D (2011) Stem cells treatment for sciatic nerve injury. Expert Opin Biol Ther 11:1591–1597

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • de Boer R, Borntraeger A, Knight AM et al (2012) Short- and long-term peripheral nerve regeneration using a poly-lactic-co-glycolic-acid scaffold containing nerve growth factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor releasing microspheres. J Biomed Mater Res A 100(8):2139–2146

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ding F, Wu J, Yang Y, Hu W, Zhu Q, Tang X, Liu J, Gu X (2010) Use of tissue-engineered nerve grafts consisting of a chitosan/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-based scaffold included with bone marrow mesenchymal cells for bridging 50-mm dog sciatic nerve gaps. Tissue Eng Part A 16(12):3779–3790

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Diogo CC, Camassa JA, Pereira JE, da Costa LM, Filipe V, Couto PA, Geuna S, Maurício AC, Varejão AS (2017) The use of sheep as a model for studying peripheral nerve regeneration following nerve injury: review of the literature. Neurol Res 39(10):926–939

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Emond A-L, Bertoni L, Seignour M, Coudry V, Denoix J-M (2016) Peripheral neuropathy of a forelimb in horses: 27 cases (2000–2013). J Am Vet Med Assoc 249(10):1187–1195

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fex Svennigsen A, Dahlin LB (2013) Repair of the peripheral Nerve—Remyelination that Works. Brain Sci 3:1182–1197

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fleming CE, Saraiva MJ, Sousa MM (2007) Transthyretin enhances nerve regeneration. J Neurochem 103:831–839

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fontanilla CV, Gu HY, Liu QP, Zhu TZ, Zhou CW, Johnstone BH, March KL, Pascuzzi RM, Farlow MR, Du YS (2016) Adipose-derived stem cell conditioned media extends survival time of a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Sci Rep 5:16953

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Forostyak S, Jendelova P, Sykova E (2013) The role of mesenchymal stromal cells in spinal cord injury, regenerative medicine and possible clinical applications. Biochimie 95(12):2257–2270

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fullarton AC, Myles LM, Lenihan DV et al (2001) Obstetric brachial plexus palsy: a comparison of the degree of recovery after repair of a C6 ventral root avulsion in newborn and adult sheep. Br J Plast Surg 54:697–704

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Geuna S (2015) The sciatic nerve injury model in pre-clinical research. J Neurosci Methods 243:39–46

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Geuna S, Raimondo S, Ronchi G, Di Scipio F, Tos P, Czaja K, Fornaro M (2009) Histology of the peripheral nerve and changes occurring during nerve regeneration. Int Rev Neurobiol 87:27–46

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ghoreishian M, Rezaei M, Beni BH (2013) Facial nerve repair with Gore-Tex tube and adipose-derived stem cells: an animal study in dogs. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 71:577–587

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Glasby MA, Gilmour JA, Gschmeissner SE et al (1990) The repair of large peripheral nerves using skeletal muscle autografts: a comparison with cable grafts in the sheep femoral nerve. Br J Plast Surg 43:169–178

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Glasby MA, Mountain RE, Murray JA (1993) Repair of the facial nerve using freeze-thawed muscle autografts: a surgical model in the sheep. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 119:461–465

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gomez-Sanchez JA et al (2017) After nerve injury, lineage tracing shows that myelin and Remak Schwann cells elongate extensively and branch to form repair Schwann cells, which shorten radically on remyelination. J Neurosci 37(37):9086–9099

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Grochmal J, Midha R (2014) Recent advances in stem cell-mediated peripheral nerve repair. Cells Tissues Organs 200(1):13–22

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gugjoo MB, Amarpal, Makhdoomi DM, Sharma GT (2019) Equine mesenchymal stem cells: properties, sources, characterization and potential therapeutic applications. J Equine Vet Sci 72:16–27

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gugjoo MB, Hussain S, Amarpal, Shah RA, Dhama K (2020a) Mesenchymal stem cell mediated Immuno-modulatory and anti-inflammatory mechanisms in immune and allergic disorders. Recent Patents Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov 14:1

    Google Scholar 

  • Gugjoo MB, Pal A, Sharma GT (2020b) Mesenchymal stem cell and its properties. In: Gugjoo MB, Pal A (eds) Mesenchymal stem cell in veterinary sciences. Springer, Singapore, pp 13–26

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Gugjoo MB, Farooq F, Sakeena Q, Dar ER, Khan S, Amarpal A, Parrah JD, Makhdoomi DM, Dhama K, Sharma GT (2022) Stem Cell Therapeutics in veterinary medicine in India. Indian J Anim Sci 92(5):533–544

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hart AMK, Brannstrom T, Wiberg M, Terenghi G (2002) Primary sensory neurons and satellite cells after peripheral axotomy in the adult rat. Timecourse of cell death and elimination. Exp Brain Res 142:308

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hems TE, Clutton RE, Glasby MA (1994) Repair of avulsed cervical nerve roots. An experimental study in sheep. J Bone Joint Surg Br 76:818–823

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hewson DW, Bedworth NM, Hardman JG (2018) Peripheral nerve injury arising in anaesthesia practice. Anaesthesia 73(Suppl 1):51–60

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huang CK, Luo J, Lee SO, Chang C (2014) Concise review: androgen receptor differential roles in stem/progenitor cells including prostate, embryonic, stromal, and hematopoietic lineages. Stem Cells 32:2299–2308

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Isaacs J (2013) Major peripheral nerve injuries. Hand Clin 29:371–382

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobson A, Schrader SC (1987) Peripheral nerve injury associated with fracture or fracture-dislocation of the pelvis in dogs and cats: 34 cases (1978-1982). J Am Vet Med Assoc 190(5):569–572

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • James FM, Engiles JB, Beech J (2010) Meningitis, cranial neuritis, and radiculoneuritis associated with Borrelia burgdorferi infection in a horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc 237:1180–1185

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jeans LA, Gilchrist T, Healy D (2007) Peripheral nerve repair by means of a flexible biodegradable glass fibre wrap: a comparison with microsurgical epineurial repair. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 60:1302–1308

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jessen KR, Mirsky R (2016) The repair Schwann cell and its function in regenerating nerves. J Physiol 594(13):3521–3531

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kaizawa Y, Kakinoki R, Ikeguchi R, Ohta S, Noguchi T, Oda H, Matsuda S (2016) Bridging a 30 mm defect in the canine ulnar nerve using vessel-containing conduits with implantation of bone marrow stromal cells. Microsurgery 36(4):316–324

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Karsidag S, Akcal A, Sahin S, Karsidag S, Kabukcuoglu F, Ugurlu K (2012) Neurophysiological and morphological responses to treatment with acetyl-L-carnitine in a sciatic nerve injury model: preliminary data. J Hand Surg Eur 37:529–536

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Keilhoff G, Fansa H, Smalla KH, Schneider W, Wolf G (2000) Neuroma: a donor-age independent source of human Schwann cells for tissue engineered nerve grafts. Neuroreport 11:3805

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Keilhoff G, Stang F, Goihl A, Wolf G, Fansa H (2006) Transdifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells as alternative therapy in supporting nerve regeneration and myelination. Cell Mol Neurobiol 26:1233

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kilic A, Ojo B, Rajfer RA, Konopka G, Hagg D, Jang E, Akelina Y, Mao JJ, Rosenwasser MP, Tang P (2013) Effect of white adipose tissue flap and insulin-like growth factor-1 on nerve regeneration in rats. Microsurgery 33:367–375

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kim D-Y, Cho D-Y, Kim DY, Lee J, Taylor HW (2003) Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor with divergent mesenchymal differentiations in a dog. J Vet Diagn Investig 15:174–178

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kolar M, Kingham PJ (2014) Peripheral nerve tissue engineering, pp 468–497

    Google Scholar 

  • Konala VBR, Mamidi MK, Bhonde R, Das AK, Pochampally R, Pal R (2016) The current landscape of the mesenchymal stromal cell secretome: a new paradigm for cell-free regeneration. Cytotherapy 18(1):13–24

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kourembanas S (2015) Exosomes: vehicles of intercellular signaling, biomarkers, and vectors of cell therapy. Annu Rev Physiol 77:13–27

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Li Q, Ping P, Jiang H, Liu K (2006) Nerve conduit filled with GDNF gene-modified Schwann cells enhances regeneration of the peripheral nerve. Microsurgery 26:116

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Li ZK, Ke H, Ni LM, Li QH (2008) Effects of androgen on phosphacan and NG2 proteoglycan expression and neurite regeneration in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi Chin J Contemp Pediatr 10:357–361

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li H, Yan F, Lei L, Li Y, Xiao Y (2009) Application of autologous cryopreserved bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for periodontal regeneration in dogs. Cells Tissues Organs 190:94–101

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Li Y, Xu W, Cheng L-Y (2017) Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells accelerate nerve regeneration and functional recovery in a rat model of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. Neural Regen Res 12(9):1544–1550

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Lien BV, Brown NJ, Ransom SC, Lehrich BM, Shahrestani S, Tafreshi AR, Ransom RC, Sahyouni R (2020) Enhancing peripheral nerve regeneration with neurotrophic factors and bioengineered scaffolds: a basic science and clinical perspective. J Peripher Nerv Syst 25(4):320–334

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Long X, Olszewski M, Huang W, Kletzel M (2005) Neural cell differentiation in vitro from adult human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells Dev 14:65–69

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lou D, Sun B, Wei H, Deng X, Chen H, Xu D, Li G, Xu H, Wang Y (2012) Spatiotemporal expression of testicular protein kinase 1 after rat sciatic nerve injury. J Mol Neurosci 47:180–191

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lundborg G (2004) Alternatives to autologous nerve grafts. Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir 36:1

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ma T, Gong K, Ao Q, Yan Y, Song B, Huang H, Zhang X, Gong Y (2013) Intracerebral transplantation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells alternatively activates microglia and ameliorates neuropathological deficits in Alzheimer's disease mice. Cell Transplant 22(Suppl 1):S113–S126

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mead B, Berry M, Logan A, Scott RA, Leadbeater W, Scheven BA (2015) Stem cell treatment of degenerative eye disease. Stem Cell Res 14:243–257

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Menorca RMG, Fussell TS, Elfar JC (2013) Peripheral nerve trauma: mechanisms of injury and recovery. Hand Clin 29(3):317–330

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Moimas S, Novati F, Ronchi G, Zacchigna S, Fregnan F, Zentilin L, Papa G, Giacca M, Geuna S, Perroteau I, Arnež ZM, Raimondo S (2013) Effect of vascular endothelial growth factor gene therapy on post-traumatic peripheral nerve regeneration and denervation-related muscle atrophy. Gene Ther 20:1014–1021

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Moore SA (2016) Managing neuropathic pain in dogs. Front Vet Sci 3:12

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Nichols CM, Myckatyn TM, Rickman SR, Fox IK, Hadlock T, Mackinnon SE (2005) Choosing the correct functional assay: a comprehensive assessment of functional tests in the rat. Behav Brain Res 163:143–158

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Noverina R, Widowati W, Ayuningtyas W, Kurniawan D, Afifah E, Laksmitawati DR, Rinendyaputri R, Rilianawati R, Faried A, Bachtiar I, Wirakusumah FF (2019) Growth factors profile in conditioned medium human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (CM-hATMSCs). Clin Nutr Exp 2019(24):34–44

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pilkington A, Buchanan D, Jamal GA, Gillham R, Hansen S, Kidd M, Hurley JF, Soutar CA (2001) An epidemiological study of the relations between exposure to organophosphate pesticides and indices of chronic peripheral neuropathy and neuropsychological abnormalities in sheep farmers and dippers. Occup Environ Med 58:702–710

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Poulton PJ, Fisher AD, Mansell PD, Pyman MF (2019) Clinical findings from 104 cases of calving paralysis in dairy cows from Gippsland, Australia. N Z Vet J 67(4):214–218

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rodrigues MC, Rodrigues AA Jr, Glover LE, Voltarelli J, Borlongan CV (2012) Peripheral nerve repair with cultured Schwann cells: getting closer to the clinics. ScientificWorldJournal 2012:413091

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Rosberg HE, Carlsson KS, Cederlund RI, Ramel E, Dahlin LB (2013) Costs and outcome for serious hand and arm injuries during the first year after trauma—a prospective study. BMC Public Health 13:501

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Salehi H, Amirpour N, Razavi S, Esfandiari E, Zavar R (2017) Overview of retinal differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells: a promising approach for retinal cell therapy. Ann Anat 210:52–63

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Savastano LE, Laurito SR, Fitt MR, Rasmussen JA, Gonzalez Polo V, Patterson SI (2014) Sciatic nerve injury: a simple and subtle model for investigating many aspects of nervous system damage and recovery. J Neurosci Methods 227:166–180

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schwarz BC, Sallmutter T, Nell B (2008) Keratoconjunctivitis sicca attributable to parasympathetic facial nerve dysfunction associated with hypothyroidism in a horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc 233:1761–1766

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seddon HJ (1943) Three types of nerve injuries. Brain 66:237

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shalaby SM, El-Shal AS, Ahmed FE, Shaban SF, Wahdan RA, Kandel WA, Senger MS (2017) Combined Wharton’s jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells and nerve guidance conduit: a potential promising therapy for peripheral nerve injuries. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 86:67–76

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Siemionow M, Brzezicki G (2009) Current techniques and concepts in peripheral nerve repair. Int Rev Neurobiol 87:141–172

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sowa Y, Kishida T, Imura T, Numajiri T, Nishino K, Tabata Y, Mazda O (2016) Adipose-derived stem cells promote peripheral nerve regeneration in vivo without differentiation into Schwann-like lineage. Plast Reconstr Surg 137:318e–330e

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sta M, Cappaert NL, Ramekers D, Baas F, Wadman WJ (2014) The functional and morphological characteristics of sciatic nerve degeneration and regeneration after crush injury in rats. J Neurosci Methods 222:189–198

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Starritt NE, Kettle SA, Glasby MA (2011) Sutureless repair of the facial nerve using biodegradable glass fabric. Laryngoscope 121:1614–1619

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sullivan R et al (2016) Peripheral nerve injury: stem cell therapy and peripheral nerve transfer. Int J Mol Sci 17(12):2101

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sun Y, Zhang R, Mao X, Zhang M (2018) Research of acellular xenogeneic nerve combined with adipose-derived stem cells and platelet rich plasma in repair of rabbit facial nerve injury. Chin J Reparative Reconstr Surg 32(6):736–744

    Google Scholar 

  • Sunderland S (1951) A classification of peripheral nerve injuries producing loss of function. Brain 74(4):491–516

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor CA et al (2008) The incidence of peripheral nerve injury in extremity trauma. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 87(5):381–385

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thorsen F et al (2012) Digital nerve injuries: epidemiology, results, costs, and impact on daily life. J Plast Surg Hand Surg 46(3–4):184–190

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tos P, Battiston B, Ciclamini D, Geuna S, Artiaco S (2012) Primary repair of crush nerve injuries by means of biological tubulization with muscle-vein-combined grafts. Microsurgery 32:358–363

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Toth C, Martinez JA, Liu WQ, Diggle J, Guo GF, Ramji N, Mi R, Hoke A, Zochodne DW (2008) Local erythropoietin signaling enhances regeneration in peripheral axons. Neuroscience 154:767–783

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Usategui-Martín R, Puertas-Neyra K, García-Gutiérrez MT, Fuentes M, Pastor JC, Fernandez-Bueno I (2020) Human mesenchymal stem cell secretome exhibits a neuroprotective effect over in vitro retinal photoreceptor degeneration. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2020(17):1155–1166

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Varejão ASP, Cabrita AM, Meek MF, Bulas-Cruz J, Melo-Pinto P, Raimondo S, Geuna S, Giacobini-Robecchi MG (2004) Functional and morphological assessment of a standardized rat sciatic nerve crush injury with a non-serrated clamp. J Neurotrauma 21:1652–1670

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Villagrán C, Schumacher J, Donnell R, Dhar MS (2016) A novel model for acute peripheral nerve injury in the horse and evaluation of the effect of mesenchymal stromal cells applied in situ on nerve regeneration: a preliminary study. Front Vet Sci 3:80

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang CZ, Chen YJ, Wang YH, Yeh ML, Huang MH, Ho ML, Liang JI, Chen CH (2014) Low-level laser irradiation improves functional recovery and nerve regeneration in sciatic nerve crush rat injury model. PLoS One 9(8):e103348

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Q, He H, Xie S, Wei Q, He C (2020) Mesenchymal stem cells transplantation for neuropathic pain induced by peripheral nerve injury in animal models: a systematic review. Stem Cells Dev 29(22):1420–1428

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wei JJ, Chen YF, Xue CL, Ma BT, Shen YM, Guan J, Bao XJ, Wu H, Han Q, Wang RZ, Zhao CH (2016) Protection of nerve injury with exosome extracted from mesenchymal stem cell. Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao 38:33–36

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Woodhoo A, Alonso MBD, Droggiti A, Turmaine M, D’Antonio M, Parkinson DB, Wilton DK, Al-Shawi R, Simons P, Shen J, Guillemot F, Radtke F, Meijer D, Feltri ML, Wrabetz L, Mirsky R, Jessen KR (2009) Notch controls embryonic Schwann cell differentiation, postnatal myelination and adult plasticity. Nat Neurosci 12(7):839–847

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Wright MC, Mi R, Connor E, Reed N, Vyas A, Alspalter M, Coppola G, Geschwind DH, Brushart TM, Höke A (2014) Novel roles for osteopontin and clusterin in peripheral motor and sensory axon regeneration. J Neurosci 34:1689–1700

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Xue C, Hu N, Gu Y, Yang Y, Liu Y, Liu J, Ding F, Gu X (2012) Joint use of a chitosan/PLGA scaffold and MSCs to bridge an extra large gap in dog sciatic nerve. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 26(1):96–106

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Xue C, Ren H, Zhu H, Gu X, Guo Q, Zhou Y, Huang J, Wang S, Zha G, Gu J, Yang Y, Gu Y, Gu X (2017) Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived acellular matrix-coated chitosan/silk scaffold for neural tissue regeneration. J Mater Chem B 5(6):1246–1257

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang R-C, Du W-Q, Zhang J-Y, Yu S-X, Lu F-Z, Ding H-M, Cheng Y-B, Ren C, Geng D-Q (2021) Mesenchymal stem cell treatment for peripheral nerve injury: a narrative review. Neural Regen Res 16(11):2170–2176

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    Mudasir Bashir Gugjoo PhD

Authors
  1. Mudasir Bashir Gugjoo PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Gugjoo, M.B. (2022). Mesenchymal Stem Cells Therapeutic Applications in Peripheral Nervous System Disorders. In: Therapeutic Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Veterinary Medicine. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3277-9_4

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation