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Orthotopic PDX and CDX Mice Model for Cancer Stem Cell Research

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Handbook of Animal Models and its Uses in Cancer Research

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Abstract

The advancement of cancer research definitely enlightened the survival of cancer patients in the United States; however, more translation and preclinical research are needed to prevent the death of cancer patients in the USA and worldwide. Both preclinical and translational research required patient-derived xenograft (PDX) and cell line-derived xenograft (CDX) models to design and screen rapidly anticancer drugs against drug-registrant cancer stem cells of different cancers. There are increased applications of different cancerous cells or tissues from the tumor of cancer patients that are implanted in immunodeficient mice to simulate human aggressive tumor growth in vivo, which are aimed to intervene by designing specific anticancer drugs. The PDX and CDX models are extensively used in cancer research in current years. These models are able to reproduce stably the patients’ tumors in relation to gene mutation, gene expression, reprogramming of drug resistant heterogenic cancer stem cells, inflammation, histopathology, genetic mutations, and therapeutic efficacy of different types of cancers, namely, pancreatic cancer, serous carcinoma, glioblastoma, lymphocytic leukemia, brain cancer, gastric cancer, lymphoma, colorectal cancer, and hepatic carcinoma. Therefore, both PDX and CDX models permit precious evaluation in tumor biology, preclinical study, finding therapeutic signaling pathways, and evaluation of anticancer drugs against different cancers.

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Abbreviations

CTCs:

Circulating tumor cells

FGS:

Precise fluorescence-guided surgery

HCC:

Hepatocellular carcinoma

NSCLC:

Non-small-cell lung cancer

PDX:

Patient-derived xenograft

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Florida Memorial University, Miami Gardens, Miami, FL, USA

    Jayanta Kumar Das

  2. Miami Dade College, Miami, FL, USA

    Jayanta Kumar Das & Madhumita Das

  3. Palm Beach State College, Lake Worth, Miami, FL, USA

    Jayanta Kumar Das & Madhumita Das

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  1. Jayanta Kumar Das
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  2. Madhumita Das
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Correspondence to Jayanta Kumar Das .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Allied Health Sciences, CARE, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

    Surajit Pathak

  2. Fac of Allied Health Sciences, CHRI, Chettinad Acad of Res & Education, Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

    Antara Banerjee

  3. AGENTEM, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey

    Atil Bisgin

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Das, J.K., Das, M. (2022). Orthotopic PDX and CDX Mice Model for Cancer Stem Cell Research. In: Pathak, S., Banerjee, A., Bisgin, A. (eds) Handbook of Animal Models and its Uses in Cancer Research. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1282-5_26-1

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