Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Cardiac Repair

Al-Khani, Abdullah Murhaf; Khalifa, Mohamed Abdelghafour; Haider, Khawaja Husnain

doi:10.1007/978-981-16-6016-0_11-1

Abdullah Murhaf Al-Khani²,
Mohamed Abdelghafour Khalifa² &
Khawaja Husnain Haider²

36 Accesses
20 Citations
1 Altmetric

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), particularly acute and chronic ischemic heart disease (IHD), are the primary cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The contemporary pharmacological and invasive revascularization strategies, i.e., percutaneous coronary angiography (PCA) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), reduce mortality and could only provide symptomatic relief. Cell-based therapy has emerged as a novel breakthrough strategy to ensure angiomyogenic repair of the ischemically damaged heart via the generation of neomyocytes and biological bypassing to restore regional blood flow. In this regard, bone marrow (BM)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown promise and progressed to advanced phases of clinical assessment. MSCs are one of the well-studied and characterized cell types in vitro and various small experimental animal models and during the translational animal models for safety and reparability. They are currently the most used cells for cell-based cardiovascular therapy with excellent safety profiles, immunomodulatory properties, paracrine action, and differentiation potential. With overwhelming success, researchers have advanced their efforts to bring MSCs a step closer to their eventual routine use in the clinics. This chapter summarizes the advancement of MSCs from in vitro characterization to the clinical phase and discusses their future perspective.

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Abbreviations

6-MWT:: Six-minute walk test
AMI:: Acute myocardial infarction
Ang-1:: Angiopoietin-1
BM:: Bone marrow
Brdu:: 5-Bromodeoxyuridine
CFU-F:: Colony-forming units-fibroblastic
CVDs:: Cardiovascular diseases
eGFP:: Enhanced green fluorescent protein
FGF:: Fibroblast growth factor
GLP-1:: Glucagon-like peptide-1
Glut:: Glucose transporter
HSCs:: Hematopoietic stem cells
IGF-1:: Insulin-like growth factor-1
IHD:: Ischemic heart disease
ISCT:: International Society for Cell Therapy
LAD:: Left anterior descending
Lin-:: Lineage negative
LV:: Left ventricle
LVEF:: Left ventricular ejection fraction
MDCT:: Multi-detector computed tomography
MHC:: Major histocompatibility complex
miR:: MicroRNA
MSCs:: Mesenchymal stem cells
M-SPECT:: Myocardial single-photon emission tomography
NPY:: Neuropeptide Y
RBCs:: Red blood cells
SAE:: Serious adverse events
TGF-b:: Transforming growth factor-b
TUNEL:: Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling
VEGF:: Vascular endothelial growth factor
WNT:: Homologous of wingless and Int-1

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Sulaiman AlRajhi Medical School, Al Bukairiyah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Abdullah Murhaf Al-Khani, Mohamed Abdelghafour Khalifa & Khawaja Husnain Haider

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Abdullah Murhaf Al-Khani
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Mohamed Abdelghafour Khalifa
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Khawaja Husnain Haider
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Correspondence to Khawaja Husnain Haider .

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Department of Basic Sciences, Sulaiman AlRajhi University, Al Bukairiyah, Saudi Arabia
Khawaja H. Haider

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Division of Cardiac Surgery, Health Sciences North, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON, Canada
Rony Atoui
Unidad de Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Servicio de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias HUCA, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
Maria Alvarez-Viejo
Department of Basic Sciences, Sulaiman AlRajhi University, Al Bukayriyah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Khawaja Husnain Haider

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Al-Khani, A.M., Khalifa, M.A., Haider, K.H. (2022). Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Cardiac Repair. In: Haider, K.H. (eds) Handbook of Stem Cell Therapy. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6016-0_11-1

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6016-0_11-1
Received: 11 September 2021
Accepted: 12 November 2021
Published: 18 May 2022
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-16-6016-0
Online ISBN: 978-981-16-6016-0
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