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Estimation of Carbon Dioxide Fluxes Between Land, Ocean and Atmosphere During 2006–2011 with a 4D Variational Assimilation Scheme and Special Reference to Asia

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Climate Change and Green Chemistry of CO2 Sequestration

Part of the book series: Green Energy and Technology ((GREEN))

Abstract

The rates of exchange of carbon dioxide between atmosphere, land and ocean is a key component of the global carbon budget. It is extremely important to quantify these both on a spatial and temporal basis as it can identify sources and sinks of anthropogenic carbon which are important in setting goals for country-wise emissions and uptake. This chapter presents results from a 4D variational assimilation scheme of ingesting carbon dioxide data between 2006 and 2011 into the adjoint of the LMDZ transport model to obtain fluxes between land, ocean and atmosphere. Carbon dioxide data from three stations from India (Hanle, Pondicherry and Port Blair) along with one hundred global stations have been assimilated into the model, and this is expected to increase the confidence in the results for the tropical and temperate Asian regions. The grid point-wise results are aggregated into larger regions representing India, China, USA, Western Europe and the Rest of the World to reflect the quantification of sources and sinks in these regions. In addition, aggregation in terms of Transcom regions is also presented.

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Abbreviations

CDIAC:

Carbon dioxide Information and Analysis Centre

COP:

Conference of Parties

CSIR:

Council of Scientific and Industrial Research

DST:

Department of Science and Technology

EDGAR:

Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research

ESRL:

Earth System Research Laboratories

FCO:

Foreign and Commonwealth Office

FF:

Fossil Fuel

GAW:

Global Atmospheric Watch

GMD:

Global Monitoring Division

GR:

Growth Rate

GTC:

Gigatonne of Carbon

HLE:

Hanle

ICOS:

Integrated Carbon Observing System

IFCPAR:

Indo-French Centre for the Promotion of Advanced Research

LMDZ:

Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique Zoom

LSCE:

Le Laboratoire des Sciences du Climate et de l’Environnment

NIOT:

National Institute of Ocean Technology

PBL:

Port Blair

PON:

Pondicherry

ROW:

Rest of the World

WMO:

World Meteorological Organisation

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Acknowledgements

We are deeply grateful to Frederic Chevallier, LSCE, for providing the PYVAR code and setting up the model configuration. We also thank ESRL, Colorado, GAW, WMO and RAMCES, LSCE, for the data that have been used in the inversion. We thank all the data providers who contributed to the database. We would also like to acknowledge Bhuvan Bhatt, Dorje Angchuk, T. Dorjai, Sonam Jorphail, Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bangalore, and Hanle, Swati Patnaik, Vikram Reddy and S. Balakrishnan, Pondicherry University, Mehmuna, Dileep Kumar, Vinith Kumar and Kirubagaran NIOT, Port Blair, for their logistical support and cooperation in running GHG stations. We would also like to thank Martina Schmidt and Marc Delmotte, LSCE, for flask analysis. We thank Vinod Gaur for his valuable and informed discussions on inverse problems and Head, CSIR-4PI for institutional and computational resources. We thank CSIR, DST, IFCPAR and FCO, British High Commission for funding the projects under which this work was carried out.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CSIR Fourth Paradigm Institute, NAL Belur Campus, Bangalore, 560041, India

    P. S. Swathi & N. K. Indira

  2. LSCE, Gif sur Yvette, France

    M. Ramonet

Authors
  1. P. S. Swathi
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  2. N. K. Indira
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  3. M. Ramonet
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to P. S. Swathi .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Climate Change Research Institute, New Delhi, India

    Malti Goel

  2. Netaji Subhas University of Technology, New Delhi, India

    T. Satyanarayana

  3. Centre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology, Kochi, Kerala, India

    Maruthadu Sudhakar

  4. Climate Change Research Institute, New Delhi, India

    D. P. Agrawal

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Swathi, P.S., Indira, N.K., Ramonet, M. (2021). Estimation of Carbon Dioxide Fluxes Between Land, Ocean and Atmosphere During 2006–2011 with a 4D Variational Assimilation Scheme and Special Reference to Asia. In: Goel, M., Satyanarayana, T., Sudhakar, M., Agrawal, D.P. (eds) Climate Change and Green Chemistry of CO2 Sequestration. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0029-6_17

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0029-6_17

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