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Mirabilis: Medicinal Uses and Conservation

Useful Tropical Plant

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Floriculture and Ornamental Plants

Abstract

Among the estimated 35,000 to 70,000 medicinally important plant species, the genus Mirabilis is a significant perennial herb resides to Nyctaginaceae which contains more than 25 species but especially on jalapa and longiflora species much emphasize for several genetical and pharmaceutical investigations were given. The former one is familiar as ‘Four O’clock and ‘Sweet Marvel of Peru’, the most well-known garden ornamental herb. The somatic chromosome number is 58 with three of the chromosome pairs large or rather large which remain attached to the nucleolus. Fertility is highly reduced in F1 generation and the same trend too found in successive generations. Flower color inheritance shows a perfectly regular Mendelian segregation with anthocyanin versus without and lilac color versus pink. Possible causes of flower variegation are cytoplasmic inheritance via uniparental mode of inheritance neither reciprocal differences nor plastid. Additionally, it is traditionally used as purgative and emetic, for treatment of many gastrointestinal disorders, including dysentery, diarrhea, muscle pain, and abdominal colic. Besides this it also exhibits certain useful activities like antiviral activity, antimicrobial activity, antimalarial activity, anthelmintic activity, antioxidant activity, and many others.

In different plant parts like from M. jalapa flowers 8 betaxanthins (indicaxanthin, vulgaxanthin-I, miraxanthin), from roots rotenoids (mirabijalone A, B, C, and D, 9-O-methyl-4-hydroxyboeravinone B, boeravinone C and boeravinone F, and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-methylisoquinoline-7,8-diol), and from seed oil 8-hydroxyoctadeca-cis-11,14-dienoic acid, a minor fatty acid could be isolated. Methanolic extract of the aerial parts yields β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, and brassicasterol. Besides pharmacologically active compounds, ether compound-3,3′-Methylenebis (4- hydroxycoumarin), N-D-alpha Phenylyglycinelaminaribiitol-3-(4-(dimethylamino) cinnamoyl) and 4-hydroxycoumarin are found also in alcoholic extract.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Horticulture & Floriculture, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu, India

    Moumita Malakar

  2. Department of Horticulture, Institute of Agricultural Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Sukanta Biswas

Authors
  1. Moumita Malakar
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  2. Sukanta Biswas
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Floriculture Division CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India

    S. K. Datta

  2. Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Y.S. Parmer University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, HP, India

    Youdh Chand Gupta

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Malakar, M., Biswas, S. (2022). Mirabilis: Medicinal Uses and Conservation. In: Datta, S.K., Gupta, Y.C. (eds) Floriculture and Ornamental Plants. Handbooks of Crop Diversity: Conservation and Use of Plant Genetic Resources. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3518-5_28

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