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Searching the Heavens and the Earth: The History of Jesuit Observatories

Part of the book series: Astrophysics and Space Science Library ((ASSL,volume 286))

Abstract

The observatory was established in 1787 after the suppression of the Society of Jesus at the time the college was run by the diocesan clergy. Its first director was Giuseppe Calandrelli. The observatory was located on a tower on the right side of the front of the college building and had astronomical and meteorological instruments. When in 1824 the college was returned to the Jesuits, Dumouchel was named Director of the Observatory. In 1840 de Vico gave a great impulse to the observatory and installed a new Ertel meridian circle. In 1848 Jesuits were expelled from Rome and returned a year later. In the mean time de Vico has died and Secchi was named director. He gave the observatory an international name. In 1853 new buildings were built on top of the roof of Saint Ignatius Church adjoining the college. A new Merz equatorial telescope was installed on a rotating dome. Secchi and his collaborators worked on physical astronomy, specially, on spectra of stars, and solar physics. In 1858 magnetic equipment was installed and work in geomagnetism was added to astronomy and meteorology. In 1870 Jesuits were banished from Rome, but Secchi continued as director of the observatory until his death in 1878. The following year Jesuits were expelled from the observatory which continued in operation until 1923.

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  1. Department of Geophysics and Meteorology, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain

    Augustín Udías

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Udías, A. (2003). Europe. In: Searching the Heavens and the Earth: The History of Jesuit Observatories. Astrophysics and Space Science Library, vol 286. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0349-9_8

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