Aristotle’s Logic: The Heuristic View

Cellucci, Carlo

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-6091-2_7

Carlo Cellucci³

Part of the book series: Logic, Argumentation & Reasoning ((LARI,volume 1))

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Abstract

In Chapter 2 it has been stated that Aristotle’s choice of the title ta analutika was intended to suggest a connection of Aristotle’s Analytics with the analytic method of Hippocrates of Chios and Hippocrates of Cos. In fact the analytic method, as formulated by Plato, and the Greek practice of discussion in the agora, in courts or in political debates, are the ultimate sources of Aristotle’s logic.

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Notes

1.
Aristotle, Topica, A 2, 101 a 27–28.
2.
Ibid., A 2, 101 a 37.
3.
Ibid., A 2, 101 a 28–30.
4.
Ibid., A 2, 101 a 30–34.
5.
Ibid., A 2, 101 a 34–36.
6.
Ibid., Θ 14, 163 b 10–13.
7.
Ibid., Θ 14, 163 a 37–b 1.
8.
Aristotle, Ethica Nicomachea, H 1, 1145 b 3–7.
9.
Ibid., H 2, 1146 b 7–8.
10.
Aristotle’s claim, that in the philosophical science we will start from accepted opinions, corresponds to his own philosophical practice. Indeed, he usually begins his treatment of some topic by reviewing the opinions of his predecessors on that topic, pointing out the difficulties they involve. Then he presents his own position and tries to show that it is not subject to those difficulties, finally concluding that the case is proved sufficiently.
11.
Aristotle, Topica, A 2, 101 a 36–101 b 1.
12.
Ibid., A 2, 101 b 1–4.
13.
To speak of ‘the philosophical practice of Socrates and Plato’s school’ is justified insofar as such practices cannot be sharply distinguished.
14.
Plato, Protagoras, 336 c 5.
15.
Plato, Theaetetus, 189 e 6–7.
16.
Ibid., 189 e 8–190 a 2.
17.
Ibid., 190 a 5–6.
18.
Plato, Crito, 48 b 11.
19.
Plato, Laches, 188 a 3–4.
20.
Plato, Parmenides, 136 b 6–c 2.
21.
Ibid., 136 c 3–6.
22.
Ibid., 136 c 7.
23.
Ibid., 136 e 1–3.
24.
Plato, Meno, 75 d 5–7.
25.
Plato, Gorgias, 487 d 7–e 3.
26.
Ibid., 487 e 3–6.
27.
Plato, Protagoras, 337 a 8–b 3.
28.
Ibid., 348 c 6–7
29.
Ibid., 360 e 6–8.
30.
Plato, Charmides, 158 e 2.
31.
Plato, Protagoras, 348 d 2–3.
32.
Ibid., 348 d 3–5.
33.
Ibid., 361 c 4–5.
34.
Ibid., 361 d 3–6.
35.
Ibid., 361 e 5–6.
36.
Plato, Charmides, 165 b 6–10.
37.
Aristotle, Analytica Priora, A 27, 43 a 20–24.
38.
Ibid., B 1, 53 a 1–3.
39.
Aristotle, Topica, A 4, 101 b 15–16.
40.
Smith (1989, 150).
41.
Aristotle, Analytica Priora, A 27, 43 b 1–5.
42.
Ibid., A 28. 44 b 26.
43.
Ibid., A 28, 44 b 40.
44.
Ibid., A 30, 46 a 3–4.
45.
Ibid., A 30, 46 a 25–27.
46.
Ibid., A 30, 46 a 17–22.
47.
Aristotle, Topica, A 6, 102 b 36–38.
48.
Ibid., A 6, 102 b 40–103 a 2.
49.
Aristotle, Ethica Nicomachea, Z 3, 1139 b 27–28.
50.
Aristotle, Topica, Θ 1, 155 b 35–38.
51.
Ibid., A 12, 105 a 13–16.
52.
Aristotle, Analytica Posteriora, A 2, 81 a 40–81 b 1.
53.
Aristotle, Analytica Priora, B 21, 67 a 23–24.
54.
Aristotle, Analytica Posteriora, B 2, 90 a 16–18.
55.
Ibid., B 2, 90 a 26–29.
56.
Ibid., B 2, 90 a 29–30.
57.
Aristotle, Analytica Priora, B 23, 68 b 15–18.
58.
Ibid., B 23, 68 b 19–23.
59.
Ibid., B 23, 68 b 23–24.
60.
Ibid., B 23, 68 b 27–29.
61.
Aristotle, Topica, Θ 2, 157 a 21–23.
62.
Ibid., Θ 2, 157 a 23–26.
63.
Aristotle, Analytica Posteriora, B 5, 91 b 34–35.
64.
Ibid., B 5, 91 b 33–34.
65.
Ibid., B 7, 92 a 37–38.
66.
Ibid., B 7, 92 a 38–b 1.
67.
Ibid., A 22, 84 a 9–10.
68.
Ibid., A22, 84 a 5–6.
69.
Ibid., B 2, 90 a 6–7.
70.
Ibid., B 8, 93 b 7.
71.
Ibid., B 8, 93 b 2–3.
72.
Aristotle, Metaphysica, α 1, 993 b 20–21.
73.
Aristotle, Sophistici Elenchi, 2, 165 b 1–2.
74.
Aristotle, Analytica Posteriora, A 1, 71 a 1–2.
75.
Dewey (1938, 87).
76.
Ibid., 88.
77.
Ibid.
78.
Aristotle, Topica, B 9, 114 a 18–19.
79.
Aristotle, Analytica Priora, B 4, 57 b 1–2.
80.
Ibid., A 23, 41 a 21.
81.
Ibid., A 44, 50 a 39.
82.
Ibid., A 23, 41 a 38–41 b 1.
83.
Aristotle, Metaphysica, Γ 7, 1011 b 26–27.
84.
Tarski (1994, 17–18).
85.
Cicero, Topica, 6.
86.
Ibid.
87.
Cicero, De Divinatione, I.125.
88.
Ibid., I.126.
89.
Diogenes Laertius, VII.135.
90.
Gellius, Noctes Atticae, VII 2.1.
91.
Diogenes Laertius, Vitae Philosophorum, VII.87.
92.
Ibid.
93.
Alexander of Aphrodisias, In Aristotelis Analyticorum Priorum Librum Primum Commentarium (Wallies), 1.19–2.2.
94.
Ibid., 1.8–9.

References

Dewey, John. 1938. Logic. The theory of inquiry. New York: Holt.
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Smith, Robin. 1989. Notes. In Aristotle, Prior analytics, ed. Robin Smith, 105–228. Indianapolis: Hackett.
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Tarski, Alfred. 1994. Introduction to logic and to the methodology of deductive sciences, ed. Jan Tarski. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
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Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Carlo Cellucci

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Cellucci, C. (2013). Aristotle’s Logic: The Heuristic View. In: Rethinking Logic: Logic in Relation to Mathematics, Evolution, and Method. Logic, Argumentation & Reasoning, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6091-2_7

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6091-2_7
Published: 17 January 2013
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
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