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No longer Demospongiae: Homoscleromorpha formal nomination as a fourth class of Porifera

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Ancient Animals, New Challenges

Part of the book series: Developments in Hydrobiology ((DIHY,volume 219))

Abstract

Over the past few years, there has been growing interest among the sponge community in the phylogenetic position of the Homoscleromorpha (i.e. within or outside the class Demospongiae). Recent molecular analyses clearly show that the Homoscleromorpha forms a distinct clade separated from the Demospongiae and is composed of two families, Oscarellidae and Plakinidae. Within the currently more widely accepted hypothesis of a monophyletic Porifera, we formally propose here to raise Homoscleromorpha to the class rank (the fourth one). We, therefore, provide a definition and a formal diagnosis. In the supplementary materials, we also present an alternative classification of the Homoscleromorpha, following the PhyloCode.

Guest editors: M. Maldonado, X. Turon, M. A. Becerro & M. J. Uriz / Ancient animals, new challenges: developments in sponge research

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS UMR 7592, Paris, France

    Eve Gazave

  2. Biologie du Développement, Observatoire Océanologique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, CNRS UMR 7009, Villefranche-sur-Mer, France

    Pascal Lapébie

  3. Centre d’Océanologie de Marseille, Station marine d’Endoume, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 6540-DIMAR, Marseille, France

    Eve Gazave, Pascal Lapébie, Alexander V. Ereskovsky, Jean Vacelet, Emmanuelle Renard & Carole Borchiellini

  4. Département Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7208 “BOrEA”, Paris, France

    Paco Cárdenas

Authors
  1. Eve Gazave
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  2. Pascal Lapébie
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  3. Alexander V. Ereskovsky
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  4. Jean Vacelet
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  5. Emmanuelle Renard
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  6. Paco Cárdenas
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  7. Carole Borchiellini
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Correspondence to Carole Borchiellini .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Marine Ecology, Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes CEAB-CSIC, Accés Cala St. Francesc 14, 17300, Blanes Gerona, Spain

    Manuel Maldonado

  2. Deparment of Aquatic Ecology, Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes, Access a la Cala S. Francesc 14, 17300, Blanes Gerona, Spain

    Xavier Turon , Mikel Becerro  & Maria Jesús Uriz ,  & 

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Gazave, E. et al. (2011). No longer Demospongiae: Homoscleromorpha formal nomination as a fourth class of Porifera. In: Maldonado, M., Turon, X., Becerro, M., Jesús Uriz, M. (eds) Ancient Animals, New Challenges. Developments in Hydrobiology, vol 219. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4688-6_2

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