Family: Piperaceae Commercial crop
Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)
Taxonomic position
Genus: Cucumovirus Family: Bromoviridae
CMV infection in plants of Piper methysticum was reported from Fiji Islands and Tonga (Pares et al. 1992; Davis et al. 1996, 2005). The virus-infected kava plant leaves display chlorotic mosaic patterns and also curling and puckering, rugosity, blackened veins, or ringspots. Affected plants can exhibit stunting, chlorosis, and wilting and display cane or plant dieback. Necrotic black or brown lesions on stalks or leaf nodes or blackened stumps, roots, and basal stems may also occur. The primary spread of this virus is through the use of virus-infected plant node cuttings. The virus is transmitted by aphid vectors in a non-persistent manner, and is transmissible through mechanical sap-inoculation. For more details of CMV, refer to Cucumis sativus.
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References
Davis RI, Brown JF, Pone SP (1996) Causal relationship between Cucumber mosaic cucumovirus and kava dieback in the South Pacific. Plant Dis 80:194–198
Davis RI, Lomavatu-Fong MF, McMichael LA, Ruabete TK, Kumar S, Turaganivalu U (2005) Cucumber mosaic virus infection of kava (Piper methysticum) and implications for cultural control of kava dieback disease. Australas Plant Pathol 34:377–384
Pares RD, Gillings MR, Davis RI, Brown JF (1992) Cucumber mosaic cucumovirus associated with kava plants showing symptoms of dieback disease in Tonga and Fiji. Australas Plant Pathol 21:169–171
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Sastry, K.S., Mandal, B., Hammond, J., Scott, S.W., Briddon, R.W. (2019). Piper methysticum (Kava). In: Encyclopedia of Plant Viruses and Viroids. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3912-3_713
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3912-3_713
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