Abstract
Megacities have vast residential areas to accommodate their huge populations. Each megacity consists of diverse residential areas which reflect different socioeconomic conditions. This chapter proposes a method to classify residential areas according to four visually readable indicators from satellite images: (1) ratio of the area of green spaces and farmland, (2) block shape and building layout, (3) building density, and (4) building height. We verify its accuracy by contrasting the result with the classification predicted by a multinominal logit model. This method classifies residential areas within Jakarta, the second-largest megacity in the world, into four types: urban village, rural, regular form, and high-rise types. The result of the classification demonstrates that more than half of Jakarta’s residential areas comprises urban village and rural types, which can be defined as informal settlement (kampung). It also clarifies that approximately half of current kampungs originated during the colonial period. To achieve sustainable development in the Jakarta megacity, we argue that the government should consider those historical kampungs and the diversity of residential areas in policy making.
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Notes
- 1.
This data scope is limited to DKI Jakarta (Propinsi Daperiodh Khusus Ibukota Jakarta) and does not encompass Jabodetabek, which is the Jakarta metropolitan area that includes the administrative districts surrounding DKI Jakarta.
- 2.
Calculated from Sensus Penduk 2010 (Population Census 2010) published by BPS (Badan Pusat Statistik, Central Agency on Statistics)
- 3.
Direktorat Perumahan Rakyat (1978) Pengenalan Masalah Pemukiman Kampung di Kota. Direktorat Perumahan Rakyat, p. 6.
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Hayashi, K., Mimura, Y., Abe, R. (2021). Diversity and Historical Continuity of the Residential Landscape of a Megacity: A Case Study on the Jakarta Metropolitan Area. In: Muramatsu, S., McGee, T.G., Mori, K. (eds) Living in the Megacity: Towards Sustainable Urban Environments. Global Environmental Studies. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56901-5_4
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