Abstract
Cyprus is located in the eastern Mediterranean, an environmentally intriguing area that is subject to complex air pollution conditions, and has to be prepared for many climatic challenges. Air quality assessment and forecasting is an essential tool in strengthening the country’s adaptation strategy, providing relevant information to sectors such as agriculture and tourism, helping reduce health related financial and human life costs, as well as establishing a core national priority axis for knowledge outreach to neighbouring countries. The use of current and next generation satellite information can open a new area in operational forecasting and scientific assessment of air quality and emissions in this complex region with past, current and projected societal, financial and geo-political influences. In this work we identify and elaborate on the discrepancies of emission inventories in the region and the use of satellite data for their timely update. Utilizing the EDGAR-HTAP emission inventories compiled by the Joint Research Center for the year 2010, we use a model-based methodology to update them based on satellite-derived trends. Initially we produce a model-based concentration-vertical column density (VCD) relation derived from sensitivity tests of NOx emission fluxes in the WRF-Chem regional atmospheric model. Consequently, we translate the monthly trends obtained by satellite observations for the period 2010–2015 to produce updated emission inventories. Model simulations with the current and modified emission inventory are used to assess the discrepancies derived.
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References
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Acknowledgements
This work was made feasible with the use of the WRF-CHEM Pre-processing Tools for the Community (https://www2.acom.ucar.edu/wrf-chem/wrf-chem-tools-community) provided by the Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Lab (ACOM) of NCAR. We acknowledge the use of the QA4ECV NO2 datasets from http://temis.nl/qa4ecv/dois/no2_doi.html and emissions from https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/htap_v2/. This study received funding from the Government of Cyprus through the ESA Contract under the PECS (Plan for European Cooperating States) no. 4000124009/18NL/SC for the META-Sat project.
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Questioner: Pius Lee
Question: Thank you for forward looking setting eyeballs on TROPOMI with finer temporal resolution. Perhaps in future advances even much more finer spatial resolution data. However very fine spatial resolved data may also give misleading information from transported attributions. How those new advances reconcile well with ship track emissions? Would meteorological measurements from Sentinel help?
Answer: Shipping emissions usually are located in clean background environments, however the validity of the methodology with higher spatial resolution satellite data remains to be assessed. Meteorological data might prove useful to separate emission source impact from transport of pollution.
Questioner: George Tsegas
Question: The 1 km emission inventory for Cyprus does not contain full information for the occupied areas on the north. Do you expect that this lack of information could introduce additional uncertainties at the corresponding grid cell?
Answer: With this method only grid cells with values above a certain threshold are updated. Missing data remain such. However, there are tools to not only update the change in emissions but also the absolute magnitude based on satellite information which is planned to be performed by our group.
Questioner: Marc Guevara
Question: Did you evaluate your timely update of emissions methodology against existing emission inventory and how can you derive sector-dependent beta factors using your methodology?
Answer: We have not produced past emission inventory to evaluate the methodology. For sector-based beta, this is a complicated issue because satellites see all vertical information without differentiating emission sources and possibly necessitates the use of other satellite products (pollutants) to be used as proxies for specific sectors.
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Kushta, J., Georgiou, G.K., Lelieveld, J. (2021). Timely Update of Emission Inventories with the Use of Satellite Data. In: Mensink, C., Matthias, V. (eds) Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXVII. ITM 2019. Springer Proceedings in Complexity. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-63760-9_10
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-63760-9_10
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