Abstract
The excessive use of energy consumption in Cloud infrastructures has become one of the major cost factors for Cloud providers to maintain. In order to enhance the energy efficiency of Cloud resources, proactive and reactive management tools are used. However, these tools need to be supported with energy-awareness not only at the physical machine (PM) level but also at virtual machine (VM) level in order to enhance decision-making. This paper introduces an energy-aware profiling model to identify energy consumption for heterogeneous and homogeneous VMs running on the same PM and presents an energy-aware prediction framework to forecast future VMs energy consumption. This framework first predicts the VMs’ workload based on historical workload patterns using Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. The predicted VM workload is then correlated to the physical resources within this framework in order to get the predicted VM energy consumption. Compared with actual results obtained in a real Cloud testbed, the predicted results show that this energy-aware prediction framework can get up to 2.58 Mean Percentage Error (MPE) for the VM workload prediction, and up to −4.47 MPE for the VM energy prediction based on periodic workload pattern.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Gartner: Gartner Estimates ICT Industry Accounts for 2 Percent of Global CO2 Emissions. http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/503867
Scheihing, P.: Creating energy-efficient data centers. In: Data Center Facilities and Engineering Conference, Washington, DC, 18 May 2007
Mukherjee, T., Dasgupta, K., Gujar, S., Jung, G., Lee, H.: An economic model for green cloud. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Middleware for Grids, Clouds and e-Science - MGC 2012, pp. 1–6 (2012)
Conejero, J., Rana, O., Burnap, P., Morgan, J., Caminero, B., Carrión, C.: Analyzing hadoop power consumption and impact on application QoS. Futur. Gener. Comput. Syst. 55, 213–223 (2016)
Beloglazov, A., Buyya, R., Lee, Y.C., Zomaya, A.Y.: A Taxonomy and Survey of Energy-Efficient Data Centers and Cloud Computing Systems. CoRR. abs/1007.0 (2010)
Bagein, M., Barbosa, J., Blanco, V., Brandic, I., Cremer, S., Karatza, H.D., Lefevre, L., Mastelic, T., Oleksiak, A.: Energy efficiency for ultrascale systems: challenges and trends from nesus project. Supercomput. Front. Innov. 2, 105–131 (2015)
Jheng, J.-J., Tseng, F.-H., Chao, H.-C., Chou, L.-D.: A novel VM workload prediction using Grey Forecasting model in cloud data center. In: 2014 International Conference on Information Networking (ICOIN), pp. 40–45 (2014)
Fehling, C., Leymann, F., Retter, R., Schupeck, W., Arbitter, P.: Cloud Computing Patterns. Springer, Wien (2014)
Alzamil, I., Djemame, K., Armstrong, D., Kavanagh, R.: Energy-aware profiling for cloud computing environments. Electron. Notes Theor. Comput. Sci. 318, 91–108 (2015)
Djemame, K., Armstrong, D., Kavanagh, R., Juan Ferrer, A., Garcia Perez, D., Antona, D., Deprez, J.-C., Ponsard, C., Ortiz, D., Macías Lloret, M., Guitart Fernández, J., Lordan Gomis, F.-J., Ejarque, J., Sirvent Pardell, R., Badia Sala, R.M., Kammer, M., Kao, O., Agiatzidou, E., Dimakis, A., Courcoubetis, C., Blasi, L.: Energy efficiency embedded service lifecycle: Towards an energy efficient cloud computing architecture. In: Joint Workshop Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on ICT for Sustainability 2014, pp. 1–6. CEUR-WS.org (2014)
Kavanagh, R., Armstrong, D., Djemame, K.: Towards an energy-aware cloud architecture for smart grids. In: 12th International Conference on Economics of Grids, Clouds, Systems, and Services, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, pp. 1–14 (2015)
Gu, C., Huang, H., Jia, X.: Power metering for virtual machine in cloud computing-challenges and opportunities. IEEE Access. 2, 1106–1116 (2014)
Yang, H., Zhao, Q., Luan, Z., Qian, D.: iMeter: an integrated VM power model based on performance profiling. Futur. Gener. Comput. Syst. 36, 267–286 (2014)
Tchernykh, A., Schwiegelsohn, U., Alexandrov, V., Talbi, E.: Towards understanding uncertainty in cloud computing resource provisioning. Procedia Comput. Sci. 51, 1772–1781 (2015)
Ramírez-Alcaraz, J.M., Tchernykh, A., Yahyapour, R., Schwiegelshohn, U., Quezada-Pina, A., González-García, J.L., Hirales-Carbajal, A.: Job allocation strategies with user run time estimates for online scheduling in hierarchical grids. J. Grid Comput. 9, 95–116 (2011)
Tchernykh, A., Lozano, L., Schwiegelshohn, U., Bouvry, P., Pecero, J.E., Nesmachnow, S., Drozdov, A.Y.: Online bi-objective scheduling for IaaS clouds ensuring quality of service. J. Grid Comput. 14, 5–22 (2016)
Zhang, X., Lu, J., Qin, X.: BFEPM: best fit energy prediction modeling based on CPU utilization. In: 2013 IEEE Eighth International Conference on Networking, Architecture, and Storage, pp. 41–49 (2013)
Dargie, W.: A stochastic model for estimating the power consumption of a processor. IEEE Trans. Comput. 64, 1311–1322 (2015)
Fan, X., Weber, W.-D., Barroso, L.A.: Power provisioning for a warehouse-sized computer. In: Proceedings of the 34th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture, pp. 13–23. ACM, New York (2007)
Armstrong, D., Kavanagh, R., Djemame, K.: ASCETiC Project: D2.2.2 Architecture Specification - Version 2 (2014)
Fang, W., Lu, Z., Wu, J., Cao, Z.: RPPS: a novel resource prediction and provisioning scheme in cloud data center. In: 2012 IEEE Ninth International Conference on Services Computing (SCC), pp. 609–616 (2012)
Han, Y., Chan, J., Leckie, C.: Analysing virtual machine usage in cloud computing. In: 2013 IEEE Ninth World Congress on Services (SERVICES), pp. 370–377 (2013)
Huang, Q., Su, S., Xu, S., Li, J., Xu, P., Shuang, K.: Migration-based elastic consolidation scheduling in cloud data center. In: 2013 IEEE 33rd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops (ICDCSW), pp. 93–97 (2013)
Calheiros, R.N., Masoumi, E., Ranjan, R., Buyya, R.: Workload prediction using ARIMA model and its impact on cloud applications’ QoS. IEEE Trans. Cloud Comput. 3, 449–458 (2015)
Box, G.E.P., Jenkins, G.M., Reinsel, G.C.: Time Series Analysis: Forecasting and Control. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken (2008)
Box, G.E.P., Cox, D.R.: An analysis of transformations. J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. B. 26, 211–252 (1964)
R Core Team: R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. https://www.r-project.org/
Watts Up? Plug Load Meters. www.wattsupmeters.com
ZABBIX: The Enterprise-Class Monitoring Solution for Everyone. http://www.zabbix.com/
Moreno-Vozmediano, R., Montero, R.S., Llorente, I.M.: IaaS cloud architecture: from virtualized datacenters to federated cloud infrastructures. Computer (Long. Beach. Calif.) 45, 65–72 (2012)
KVM: Kernel-based Virtual Machine. http://www.linux-kvm.org/
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Alzamil, I., Djemame, K. (2017). Energy Prediction for Cloud Workload Patterns. In: Bañares, J., Tserpes, K., Altmann, J. (eds) Economics of Grids, Clouds, Systems, and Services. GECON 2016. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 10382. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61920-0_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61920-0_12
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-61919-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-61920-0
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)