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Does the Evaluation of Ocular Blood Supply Play a Role in Glaucoma Diagnostics and Prognosis of Progression?

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Predictive, Preventive, and Personalised Medicine: From Bench to Bedside

Part of the book series: Advances in Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine ((APPPM,volume 17))

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Abstract

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that may progress to the irreversible blindness. Unstable ocular blood flow is associated with a stronger patients’ reaction to psychological stress, which was described in patients with primary vascular dysregulation. Excessive activity of the sympathetic autonomic nervous system (ANS) may lead to both a blood supply violation of the nervous system and to a decrease in ocular perfusion pressure in the vessels of the optic nerve and choroid. It plays the crucial role in the pathogenesis of normal tension glaucoma. Systemic autonomic dysfunction may show a higher risk of glaucoma progression due to the stronger sensitivity of the optic nerve to fluctuations in intraocular pressure and intraocular perfusion pressure. Heart rate variability is a common tool for studying the autonomic modulation of the sympathovagal balance.

As optic nerve head and retinal microcirculation is of great importance in glaucoma development and progression, it makes it reasonable to search for new methods of the vascular bed’s visualization for the early diagnosis and monitoring of glaucoma. New biomarkers of glaucoma progression including vascular parameters may improve glaucoma treatment and outcome in accordance with a goal of the predictive preventive personalized medicine (PPPM/3PM).

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Abbreviations

ANS:

Autonomic nervous system

ARI:

Autonomic regulation index

BP:

Blood pressure

CDI:

Color Doppler imaging

CPT:

Cold provocation test

CRA:

Central retinal artery

CV:

Coefficients of variation

EPS:

Enhanced polarization-sensitive

FLV:

Focal loss volume

FR:

Functional reserves

FS:

Functional status

GCC:

Ganglion cell complex

GLV:

Global loss volume

GON:

Glaucomatous optic neuropathy

HF:

High-frequency range

HRV:

Heart rate variability

HTG:

High tension glaucoma

ILM:

Internal limiting membrane

IOP:

Intraocular pressure

IPL:

Inner plexiform layer

LF:

Low-frequency range

MD:

Mean deviation

MOPP:

Mean ocular perfusion pressure

MvD:

Microvasculature dropout

NFI:

Nerve fiber indicator

NTG:

Normal tension glaucoma

OCTA:

Optic coherence tomography angiography

ONH:

Optic nerve head

OPP:

Ocular perfusion pressure

PACG:

Primary angle closure glaucoma

PERG:

Pattern electroretinogram

pfVD:

Perifoveal vessel density

POAG:

Primary open-angle glaucoma

PPPM:

Predictive preventive personalized medicine

PVD:

Primary vascular dysregulation

PVEP:

Pattern visual evoked potential

RGC:

Retinal ganglion cells

RI:

Resistivity index

RMSSD:

Parameter of parasympathetic autonomic regulation activity

RNFL:

Retinal nerve fiber layer

ROP:

Rate of progression

SAP:

Standard automated perimetry

SDNN:

Standard deviation of NN-interval

SD-OCT:

Spectral-domain optic coherence tomography

SNA:

Sympathetic neural activity

SPCA:

Short posterior ciliary artery

SSADA:

Split-spectrum amplitude-decorrelation angiography

TP:

Total spectral power

VD:

Vessel density

VF:

Visual fields

VFI:

Visual field index

wiVD:

Whole image vessel density

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medical Biological University of Innovations and Continuing Education, Burnazyan Federal Biophysical Center, Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation

    Natalia I. Kurysheva, Vitaliy Yu. Kim & Valeria E. Kim

  2. Ophthalmological Center, Burnazyan Federal Biophysical Center, Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation

    Natalia I. Kurysheva, Vitaliy Yu. Kim & Valeria E. Kim

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  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science & Technology, Wroclaw, Poland

    Halina Podbielska

  2. F.D. Roosevelt University General Hospital of Banská Bystrica, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia

    Marko Kapalla

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Kurysheva, N.I., Kim, V.Y., Kim, V.E. (2023). Does the Evaluation of Ocular Blood Supply Play a Role in Glaucoma Diagnostics and Prognosis of Progression?. In: Podbielska, H., Kapalla, M. (eds) Predictive, Preventive, and Personalised Medicine: From Bench to Bedside. Advances in Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine, vol 17. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34884-6_18

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