Zusammenfassung
Die Forschung im Bereich der regenerativen Medizin bietet neue Hoffnung für die Behandlung von Patienten, die an schweren Verletzungen oder chronischen Krankheiten leiden. Das zunehmende Interesse an Stamm-/Progenitorzellen wird durch ihre biologische Eigenschaft der Selbsterneuerung und ihr Potenzial zur Differenzierung in verschiedene Zelllinien gefördert. Eckpfeiler des Tissue Engineering sind Stamm-/Progenitorzellen, Gerüste und morphogene Signale, also die dynamischen Akteure, die Zellen zur Gewebe- oder Organregeneration anregen. Im Bereich der Zahnmedizin wurde kürzlich damit begonnen, die möglichen Anwendungen des Tissue Engineering bei der Regeneration von Zahnstrukturen zu testen. Zahnkaries ist ein weltweit verbreitetes Gesundheitsproblem, das zu einer Zerstörung von Zahnschmelz und Dentin führt und, wenn es nicht behandelt wird, auf die Zahnpulpa übergreift und deren Vitalität beeinträchtigt. Da die verfügbaren künstlichen Füllungsmaterialien, die zur Wiederherstellung des betroffenen Zahngewebes verwendet werden, viele inhärente Mängel aufweisen, wurden in jüngster Zeit viele Ansätze zur Regenerierung des harten Zahngewebes vorgeschlagen. Es besteht ein zunehmender Bedarf an der Regeneration von Zahnschmelz, Dentin und der Erhaltung der Vitalität der Pulpa. Die Stamm-/Progenitorzelltherapie könnte bei der Regeneration von Zahnschmelz und Dentin/Pulpa-Komplex als konservativerer Ersatz für konventionelle restaurative Therapien helfen. Angesichts dieser Tatsachen werden in diesem Kapitel die jüngsten Ansätze des Tissue Engineering zur Regeneration von Schmelz, Dentin und Pulpa erörtert.
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Abbreviations
- ACP:
-
Amorphes Kalziumphosphat
- ADSCs:
-
Aus Fettgewebe gewonnene Stamm-/Progenitor(Vorläufer)zellen
- ALN:
-
Alendronat
- BD:
-
Biodentin
- bFGF:
-
Basischer Fibroblasten-Wachstumsfaktor
- BM-MSCs:
-
Mesenchymale Stammzellen aus dem Knochenmark
- BMP:
-
Morphogenetisches Knochenprotein
- BMP-2:
-
Morphogenetisches Knochenprotein-2
- BMP-4:
-
Morphogenetisches Knochenprotein-4
- CH:
-
Kalziumhydroxid
- CMC:
-
Carboxymethyl-Chitosan
- DE:
-
Zahn-Epithel
- DFSCs:
-
Zahnfollikel-Stammzellen
- DL:
-
Zahnlamelle
- DPSCs:
-
Stammzellen aus der Zahnpulpa
- EB:
-
Evozierte Blutung
- ECM:
-
Extrazelluläre Matrix
- ED:
-
Embryonal-Tag
- DDGF:
-
Dentin-abgeleiteter Wachstumsfaktor
- EOE:
-
Schmelzorgan-Epithel
- ERM:
-
Malassez-Epithelrest
- ESCs:
-
Embryonale Stammzellen
- FGF:
-
Fibroblasten-Wachstumsfaktor
- FGF8:
-
Fibroblasten-Wachstumsfaktor 8
- GC:
-
Gubernacular-Band
- G-CSF:
-
Granulozyten-Kolonie-stimulierender Faktor
- Gly:
-
L-1 Glycin
- GSK-3:
-
Glykogensynthase-Kinase 3
- H2S:
-
Schwefelwasserstoff
- HA:
-
Hydroxylapatit
- HA/TCP:
-
Hydroxylapatit/Trikalziumphosphat
- HERS:
-
Hertwig’sche epitheliale Wurzelscheide
- hESCs:
-
Menschliche embryonale Stammzellen
- hKSCs:
-
Menschliche Keratinozyten-Stammzellen
- hTD:
-
behandeltes menschliches Dentin
- iPSCs:
-
Induzierte pluripotente Stammzellen
- JE:
-
Junktionales Epithel
- MSCs:
-
Mesenchymale Stammzellen
- MTA:
-
Mineraltrioxid-Aggregat
- NaCIO:
-
Natriumhypochlorit
- NF-SMS:
-
Nanofaserige, schwammige Mikrokugeln
- NFκB:
-
Nukleärer Faktor-κB
- OEpSCs:
-
Odontogene epitheliale Stammzellen
- PCL:
-
Polycaprolacton
- PDGF:
-
Von Blutplättchen abgeleiteter Wachstumsfaktor
- PDL:
-
Periodontales Ligament
- PDLSCs:
-
Stammzellen des periodontalen Ligaments
- PET:
-
Polyethylenterephthalat
- PEVA:
-
Polyethylen-co-Vinylacetat
- PGA:
-
Polyglykolsäure
- PLA:
-
Polymilchsäure
- PLGA:
-
Polymilchsäure-Co-Glykolsäure
- PLLA:
-
Poly-l-Milchsäure
- PMNs:
-
Polymorphnukleäre Neutrophile
- PRF:
-
Thrombozytenreiches Fibrin
- PRP:
-
Blutplättchen-reiches Plasma
- REE:
-
Reduziertes Schmelz-Epithel
- SCAP:
-
Stammzellen aus der apikalen Papille
- SCF:
-
Stammzellfaktor
- SDF-1:
-
Aus Stroma-Zellen gewonnener Faktor-1
- Sema 3A:
-
Smaphorin 3A
- SHED:
-
Stammzellen aus menschlichen abgeschälten Milchzähnen
- Shh:
-
Sonic Hedgehog
- SIM:
-
Simvastatin
- TCP:
-
Trikalziumphosphat
- TDM:
-
Behandelte Dentinmatrix
- TGF-β:
-
Transformierender Wachstumsfaktor-β
- UCMSCs:
-
Mesenchymale Stammzellen aus der Nabelschnur
- VEGF:
-
Vaskulärer endothelialer Wachstumsfaktor
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Ahmed, G.M., Abouauf, E.A., AbuBakr, N., Elarab, A.E., El-Sayed, K.F. (2023). Stammzellbasiertes Tissue Engineering für funktionellen Zahnschmelz und Dentin/Pulp-Komplex: Eine mögliche Alternative zu restaurativen Therapien. In: Haider, K.H. (eds) Stammzellen. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25378-2_10
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