Abstract
Benign fistulous connection between the esophagus and respiratory system can arise from a multitude of causes stemming from injury of the mucosal linings of these tracts. Significant morbidity and mortality can arise if left untreated. Open surgical therapies have been the mainstay with high success rates but also associated with significant morbidity. Minimally invasive therapies using endoscopic techniques have allowed for successful closure with minimal morbidity. Techniques creating disruption of the mucosa and reapproximation of tissue have demonstrated the greatest efficacy. These techniques are described herein.
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Kleppe, K.L. (2023). Thoracic Applications: Endoscopic Approaches to Benign Esophagorespiratory Fistula Closure. In: Kroh, M., Docimo Jr., S., El Djouzi, S., Shada, A., Reavis, K.M. (eds) The SAGES Manual Operating Through the Endoscope. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21044-0_29
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21044-0_29
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