Theoretical Framework and Approaches of Traditional Ecological Knowledge

Abstract

Traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) arose from thousands of years of direct interaction with nature. Traditional ecological knowledge is also known as indigenous knowledge or Native science. This is made up of peasant, indigenous, and rural communities’ knowledge, practice, and beliefs that have evolved via cultural transmission and are more useful in improving the effectiveness of species and habitat decision-making. It gives more tools to native people to helpfully participate in biological resource management and assessment. Indigenous and local people in a region have gained this traditional wisdom. Adaptive processes are the product of the knowledge obtained, which is an integrated body of experience and belief. The stream of traditional knowledge that leads to current science adapting and measuring biological variety, including place theory and links between fauna and flora, natural occurrences, landscape, and spatial and temporal elements of lifespan and behavior, is growing in concern. Environmental determinism is bolstered by the spiritual nourishment of native sciences. There are three layers of knowledge: (i) folk system, (ii) population-level knowledge, and (iii) ecological knowledge. These are well-integrated into life sciences, and they provide scientific solutions to contemporary environmental concerns from several angles. The present requirement is to build a long-term holistic approach that allows for varied ramifications and indigenous knowledge to improve environmental stewardship goals considering long-term sustainability.