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Alveolar Hemorrhage

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Orphan Lung Diseases

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Abstract

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a clinical syndrome defined by generalized intra-alveolar bleeding originating from the pulmonary microcirculation. Patients commonly present with dyspnea, hemoptysis, anemia, diffuse radiographic pulmonary infiltrates, and hypoxemia. The severity can range from mild dyspnea to severe hypoxemic respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. Diagnosis is frequently made at the time of bronchoscopy, when serial aliquots of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid reveal a progressively hemorrhagic return. However, the presence of DAH carries a broad differential diagnosis (Table 9.1) and is associated with a number of histopathologic patterns. This chapter will review the approach to the diagnosis and the management of DAH.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA

    Yosafe Wakwaya

  2. Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA

    Stephen K. Frankel

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  2. Stephen K. Frankel
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Correspondence to Stephen K. Frankel .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Coordinating Reference Centre for Rare Pulmonary Diseases (OrphaLung), Louis Pradel Hospital, University of Lyon, Lyon, France

    Vincent Cottin

  2. Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy

    Luca Richeldi

  3. National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA

    Kevin Brown

  4. Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA

    Francis X. McCormack

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Wakwaya, Y., Frankel, S.K. (2023). Alveolar Hemorrhage. In: Cottin, V., Richeldi, L., Brown, K., McCormack, F.X. (eds) Orphan Lung Diseases. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12950-6_9

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