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Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and the Role of Phytochemicals in the Anti-Viral Effects of Different Medicinal Plants Against Infection

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Anti-Viral Metabolites from Medicinal Plants

Part of the book series: Reference Series in Phytochemistry ((RSP))

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Abstract

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection causes acute as well as chronic inflammation in the liver. Its high prevalence with over 23.7 cases per 100,000 population in the world marks it as a global health problem. Majority of HCV infections progress to chronic conditions which may lead to development of cirrhosis and hepatic cancer. Intervention with new generation of interferon (IFN)-free treatment regimen involving combinations of direct-acting anti-viral (DAA) drugs has markedly improved the sustained virological response (SVR) to >90%. However, limited access to anti-viral drugs, high price, and emergence of drug-resistant HCV strains impede the impact of these drugs. They highlight the need for development of highly acceptable, cost-effective, and safe treatment modalities suitable for long-term treatment. Existence of distinct HCV genotypes in diverse geographic locations further complicates the design of effective treatment strategies. Natural products are considered to be the best resource for development of safe and effective pharmaceuticals. Increasing volume of literature has defined the effect of medicinal herbs against HCV infections. The present chapter reviews the plants and their isolated compounds having high anti-viral potency against HCV. Some of the potential extracts and traditional formulations tested for clinical efficacy in randomized clinical trials are also reviewed. The information may be of value in designing new efficacious, safe, and cost-effective drugs for management of chronic hepatitis C infections.

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Abbreviations

ALT:

Alanine aminotransferase

AST:

Aspartate transaminase

CHC:

Chronic hepatitis C

CLDN1:

Claudin

DAAs:

Direct-acting anti-virals

EGCG:

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate

GAG:

Glycosaminoglycan

GP:

Golgi protein

GT:

Genotype

HCV:

Hepatitis C virus

IFN:

Interferon

IRES:

Internal ribosome entry site

KSY:

Kuan-Sin-Yin (herbal formulation)

LDL:

Low-density lipoproteins

Nrf2:

Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2

NS:

Nonstructural

OCLN:

Occludin

Peg-IFN:

Pegylated interferon alpha-2a

RdRp:

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase

STAT3:

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3

SVR:

Sustained virological response

VLDL:

Very low-density lipoprotein

XCHT:

Xiao-Chai-Hu-Tang (herbal formulation)

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the authorities of Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University for encouragement and support in writing of this chapter. We gratefully acknowledge the Ministry of Ayush, Govt. of India, for providing research grant for the study of Ayush formulation and medicinal plants against liver dysfunctions. The help extended by Mr. Yash Dadhich in writing of this manuscript is fondly acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Rajiv Gandhi Institute of IT & Biotechnology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Pune, India

    A. S. Moghe, S. S. Kamyab & P. Chunarkar-Patil

  2. College of Ayurveda, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Pune, India

    M. M. Deshpande

  3. ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Mumbai Unit, (Formerly Enterovirus Research Centre), Indian Council of Medical Research, Parel, Mumbai, India

    Shyam Sundar Nandi

  4. CRIA Consultants Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, India

    N. S. Bhatt

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  1. A. S. Moghe
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  2. M. M. Deshpande
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  3. S. S. Kamyab
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  4. P. Chunarkar-Patil
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  5. Shyam Sundar Nandi
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  6. N. S. Bhatt
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Correspondence to A. S. Moghe .

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  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas University, Bilaspur, India

    Dilipkumar Pal

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Moghe, A.S., Deshpande, M.M., Kamyab, S.S., Chunarkar-Patil, P., Nandi, S.S., Bhatt, N.S. (2024). Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and the Role of Phytochemicals in the Anti-Viral Effects of Different Medicinal Plants Against Infection. In: Pal, D. (eds) Anti-Viral Metabolites from Medicinal Plants. Reference Series in Phytochemistry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12199-9_8

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