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Malignancies: Collections Drainage, Biopsies, and Endovascular Bail-Out Treatments

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Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology in Gynecological and Obstetric Diseases

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Abstract

The management of advanced gynecological malignancies is now in the domain of a multidisciplinary evaluation where Interventional Radiology (IR) occupies a prominent role.

IR utilizes minimally invasive advanced image-guided percutaneous techniques in gynecologic treatment, including biopsies, fluid aspiration, drainage catheter placement, and pelvic arterial embolization.

Patients with refractory malignant ascites, pleural effusion, postoperative fluid collections (abscess, seroma, or lymphocele), or with urinary and biliary tracts infiltrations may benefit from percutaneous aspiration of fluid collections or placement of drainage catheters; those with uncontrolled postoperative or oncological advanced mass bleeding can be effectively managed with transpelvic arterial embolization, both in the acute and chronic setting.

Regarding hemorrhagic complications, these may occur in the tumor itself due to cancer tissue erosion and vessels infiltration or may be related to iatrogenic vascular lesions consequent to surgery, mini-invasive procedures, and chemo-radiotherapy; embolization represents a bail-out treatment in both acute and chronic scenarios.

The purpose of this chapter is to review IR procedures in patients affected by gynecological malignancies in advanced stages.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Radiology Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy

    Domenico Patanè, Giovanni Coniglio, Stefania Bonomo, Giovanni Failla, Francesco Camerano, Flavio Arcerito, Serafino Santonocito & Pierantonio Malfa

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  1. Domenico Patanè
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  1. Vascular and Interventional Radiology Department, Ospedale Antonio Cardarelli, Naples, Italy

    Raffaella Niola

  2. Radiology Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Dei Colli-CTO, Naples, Italy

    Antonio Pinto

  3. Vascular and Interventional Radiology Department, Ospedale Antonio Cardarelli, Naples, Italy

    Francesco Giurazza

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Patanè, D. et al. (2023). Malignancies: Collections Drainage, Biopsies, and Endovascular Bail-Out Treatments. In: Niola, R., Pinto, A., Giurazza, F. (eds) Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology in Gynecological and Obstetric Diseases. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11910-1_13

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