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Impact of Plant Health on Global Food Security: A Holistic View

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Agriculture, Environment and Sustainable Development

Abstract

Plant pests and diseases are responsible for 20–40% of losses in the global food sector (FAO, http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1187738/icode/, 2019). Pests and diseases possess a major threat to plant health affecting crop growth, productivity and increase in production cost. They also indirectly affect the quality and nutritional status of foods in the form of post-harvest losses. Insect pests and diseases are able to rapidly adapt to changing climatic conditions, host plants and pesticides and pose a major risk to the current pest management approaches. In recent years, plant health is often considered as a single disease term with a one step solution, but it has to be addressed in a more integrated-holistic way for a sustainable healthy environment. Plant health includes yield-related components, food quantity and biodiversity, and it integrates plant protection with plant hygiene, trade, food quality and ecology. The changing climatic conditions and global trading are thwarting the goals of plant health, thereby threatening the global food security agenda. Integrated Plant Health Management (IPHM) approach aims to grow healthy plants with a most appropriate monitoring and evaluation system. The advancement in agricultural research including technological innovations, molecular biology tools, bio-control agents, and nano-based sensors has a great potential to contribute to the significance of plant health management in developing more specific and targeted products with minimal reliance on chemical pesticides. The present chapter is an effort to provide information relevant to the impact of plant health on crop productivity, challenges associated with plant health, advancement in diagnostic techniques and the role of integrated plant health system to achieve the goals of food security.

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Acknowledgement

The corresponding author is thankful for the support of the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), DST, (Grant No. ECR/2017/001081) and Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Climate Change Studies, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

    Thanga Suja Srinivasan

  2. School of Agricultural Sciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Sugitha Thankappan &  Madhumitha Balasubramaniam

  3. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

    Vijaya Bhaskar

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  1. Thanga Suja Srinivasan
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Correspondence to Thanga Suja Srinivasan .

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  1. Department of Geography, Aliah University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Rukhsana

  2. Department of Geography, Serampore Girls’ College, Serampore, Hooghly, West Bengal, India

    Asraful Alam

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Srinivasan, T.S., Thankappan, S., Madhumitha Balasubramaniam, Bhaskar, V. (2022). Impact of Plant Health on Global Food Security: A Holistic View. In: Rukhsana, Alam, A. (eds) Agriculture, Environment and Sustainable Development. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10406-0_4

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